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Nursing care of children practice A OE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED)
ALL QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ - LATEST UPDATE 2026-2027
1. A 3-year-old presents with a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and low-grade fever. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A) Bronchiolitis
B) Asthma
C) Croup
D) Epiglottitis
Answer: C
Rationale: Croup (laryngotracheitis) commonly affects toddlers, characterized by a barking
cough, stridor, and hoarseness.
2. True or False: Infants should always sleep on their backs to reduce the risk of SIDS.
Answer: True
Rationale: The “Back to Sleep” recommendation decreases sudden infant death syndrome risk.
3. Which vaccine is typically administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age?
A) MMR
B) DTaP
C) Varicella
D) Influenza
Answer: B
Rationale: DTaP is given at 2, 4, and 6 months in the primary series.
4. A child with cystic fibrosis is admitted with thick mucus and frequent infections. Which
intervention is priority?
A) Restrict fluids
B) Chest physiotherapy and airway clearance
C) Limit physical activity
D) Withhold pancreatic enzymes
UPDATED exam 2026
,2|Page
Answer: B
Rationale: Airway clearance helps prevent infections and improve oxygenation.
5. A 6-month-old infant presents with sunken fontanel and dry mucous membranes. What is the
priority action?
A) Place in supine position
B) Assess hydration status and start oral rehydration
C) Administer antipyretics
D) Apply emollients
Answer: B
Rationale: Signs indicate dehydration; prompt rehydration is priority.
6. True or False: Children metabolize drugs differently than adults, requiring careful weight-
based dosing.
Answer: True
Rationale: Pediatric pharmacokinetics differ; dosing must be calculated based on weight (kg).
7. Which is a common symptom of epiglottitis in a child?
A) Barking cough
B) Drooling, dysphagia, high fever
C) Mild cough with rhinorrhea
D) Wheezing
Answer: B
Rationale: Epiglottitis presents suddenly with drooling, dysphagia, and potential airway
obstruction.
8. A 2-year-old presents with diarrhea and vomiting for 24 hours. Which is the initial
intervention?
A) IV antibiotics
B) Oral rehydration solution
C) Clear fluids only
D) Laxatives
Answer: B
Rationale: Oral rehydration is first-line for mild to moderate dehydration in children.
UPDATED exam 2026
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9. True or False: Lead poisoning is more common in children due to hand-to-mouth behaviors.
Answer: True
Rationale: Young children are more likely to ingest environmental lead, increasing toxicity risk.
10. Which is a classic sign of nephrotic syndrome in children?
A) Proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia
B) Hyperglycemia, polyuria
C) Fever, rash, joint pain
D) Shortness of breath
Answer: A
Rationale: Edema, proteinuria, and low serum albumin are hallmark findings.
11. True or False: Epistaxis in children should be managed by tilting the head forward and
applying pressure to the nose.
Answer: True
Rationale: Tilting forward prevents blood aspiration; direct pressure is effective.
12. A child with asthma is wheezing and using accessory muscles. What is the priority nursing
action?
A) Administer oxygen and bronchodilator
B) Encourage coughing
C) Give oral antibiotics
D) Limit activity
Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen and inhaled bronchodilators relieve airway obstruction.
13. True or False: Children have higher respiratory rates than adults.
Answer: True
Rationale: Normal vital signs vary by age; infants and children breathe faster.
14. A 4-year-old with type 1 diabetes is hypoglycemic. Which is the immediate intervention?
A) Administer insulin
UPDATED exam 2026
, 4|Page
B) Give 15 g fast-acting carbohydrate
C) Encourage exercise
D) Give protein-rich food only
Answer: B
Rationale: Follow the 15-15 rule: 15 g carb, wait 15 min, recheck glucose.
15. Which is an early sign of dehydration in infants?
A) Tachycardia and irritability
B) Hypertension
C) Hyperactive reflexes
D) Polyuria
Answer: A
Rationale: Infants may show tachycardia, irritability, sunken fontanel, and decreased urine
output.
16. True or False: Kawasaki disease may result in coronary artery aneurysms if untreated.
Answer: True
Rationale: Vasculitis in Kawasaki disease can compromise coronary arteries; early treatment
with IVIG is critical.
17. A 7-year-old with leukemia is neutropenic. Which is the priority nursing action?
A) Encourage group play
B) Implement strict infection control measures
C) Skip hand hygiene
D) Offer raw fruits
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutropenic children are highly susceptible to infections; prevention is key.
18. True or False: Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is highly contagious among children.
Answer: True
Rationale: Caused by enteroviruses, spreads via direct contact; isolation is often required.
UPDATED exam 2026
Nursing care of children practice A OE COMPLETE QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS (VERIFIED)
ALL QUESTIONS AND 100% CORRECT ANSWERS ALREADY GRADED A+ - LATEST UPDATE 2026-2027
1. A 3-year-old presents with a barking cough, inspiratory stridor, and low-grade fever. What is
the most likely diagnosis?
A) Bronchiolitis
B) Asthma
C) Croup
D) Epiglottitis
Answer: C
Rationale: Croup (laryngotracheitis) commonly affects toddlers, characterized by a barking
cough, stridor, and hoarseness.
2. True or False: Infants should always sleep on their backs to reduce the risk of SIDS.
Answer: True
Rationale: The “Back to Sleep” recommendation decreases sudden infant death syndrome risk.
3. Which vaccine is typically administered at 2, 4, and 6 months of age?
A) MMR
B) DTaP
C) Varicella
D) Influenza
Answer: B
Rationale: DTaP is given at 2, 4, and 6 months in the primary series.
4. A child with cystic fibrosis is admitted with thick mucus and frequent infections. Which
intervention is priority?
A) Restrict fluids
B) Chest physiotherapy and airway clearance
C) Limit physical activity
D) Withhold pancreatic enzymes
UPDATED exam 2026
,2|Page
Answer: B
Rationale: Airway clearance helps prevent infections and improve oxygenation.
5. A 6-month-old infant presents with sunken fontanel and dry mucous membranes. What is the
priority action?
A) Place in supine position
B) Assess hydration status and start oral rehydration
C) Administer antipyretics
D) Apply emollients
Answer: B
Rationale: Signs indicate dehydration; prompt rehydration is priority.
6. True or False: Children metabolize drugs differently than adults, requiring careful weight-
based dosing.
Answer: True
Rationale: Pediatric pharmacokinetics differ; dosing must be calculated based on weight (kg).
7. Which is a common symptom of epiglottitis in a child?
A) Barking cough
B) Drooling, dysphagia, high fever
C) Mild cough with rhinorrhea
D) Wheezing
Answer: B
Rationale: Epiglottitis presents suddenly with drooling, dysphagia, and potential airway
obstruction.
8. A 2-year-old presents with diarrhea and vomiting for 24 hours. Which is the initial
intervention?
A) IV antibiotics
B) Oral rehydration solution
C) Clear fluids only
D) Laxatives
Answer: B
Rationale: Oral rehydration is first-line for mild to moderate dehydration in children.
UPDATED exam 2026
,3|Page
9. True or False: Lead poisoning is more common in children due to hand-to-mouth behaviors.
Answer: True
Rationale: Young children are more likely to ingest environmental lead, increasing toxicity risk.
10. Which is a classic sign of nephrotic syndrome in children?
A) Proteinuria, edema, hypoalbuminemia
B) Hyperglycemia, polyuria
C) Fever, rash, joint pain
D) Shortness of breath
Answer: A
Rationale: Edema, proteinuria, and low serum albumin are hallmark findings.
11. True or False: Epistaxis in children should be managed by tilting the head forward and
applying pressure to the nose.
Answer: True
Rationale: Tilting forward prevents blood aspiration; direct pressure is effective.
12. A child with asthma is wheezing and using accessory muscles. What is the priority nursing
action?
A) Administer oxygen and bronchodilator
B) Encourage coughing
C) Give oral antibiotics
D) Limit activity
Answer: A
Rationale: Oxygen and inhaled bronchodilators relieve airway obstruction.
13. True or False: Children have higher respiratory rates than adults.
Answer: True
Rationale: Normal vital signs vary by age; infants and children breathe faster.
14. A 4-year-old with type 1 diabetes is hypoglycemic. Which is the immediate intervention?
A) Administer insulin
UPDATED exam 2026
, 4|Page
B) Give 15 g fast-acting carbohydrate
C) Encourage exercise
D) Give protein-rich food only
Answer: B
Rationale: Follow the 15-15 rule: 15 g carb, wait 15 min, recheck glucose.
15. Which is an early sign of dehydration in infants?
A) Tachycardia and irritability
B) Hypertension
C) Hyperactive reflexes
D) Polyuria
Answer: A
Rationale: Infants may show tachycardia, irritability, sunken fontanel, and decreased urine
output.
16. True or False: Kawasaki disease may result in coronary artery aneurysms if untreated.
Answer: True
Rationale: Vasculitis in Kawasaki disease can compromise coronary arteries; early treatment
with IVIG is critical.
17. A 7-year-old with leukemia is neutropenic. Which is the priority nursing action?
A) Encourage group play
B) Implement strict infection control measures
C) Skip hand hygiene
D) Offer raw fruits
Answer: B
Rationale: Neutropenic children are highly susceptible to infections; prevention is key.
18. True or False: Hand-foot-and-mouth disease is highly contagious among children.
Answer: True
Rationale: Caused by enteroviruses, spreads via direct contact; isolation is often required.
UPDATED exam 2026
