NUCLEAR MEDICINE UPDATED STUDY EXAMS QUESTIONS
AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Gastrointestinal System - ✔✔Liver/spleen scan
✔✔Genitourinary System - ✔✔Reliable, noninvasive procedures for evaluating the
anatomy and function of nephrology, urology & kidney
✔✔Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine - ✔✔Potential for detecting and treating cancer
✔✔In Vivo - ✔✔In vivo evaluation of physiologic function by administering small tracer
amounts of radioactive material to the patient and subsequently counting specimens of
urine, blood, feces, or breath
✔✔Hematologic Studies - ✔✔include plasma volume measurement, Schilling test, red
cell mass, red cell survival, and red cell sequestration
✔✔In Vitro - ✔✔In vitro radioimmunoassay- for quantifying biologically important
substances in the serum or other body fluids
✔✔Imaging for Infection - ✔✔Diagnostic tool in evaluating inflammation, infection and
abscesses
✔✔Respiratory Imaging - ✔✔Evaluate pulmonary emboli, chronic bronchitis, asthma
✔✔Sentinel Node - ✔✔Contrast lymphangiography, MRI, and CT methods to evaluate
status of lymph nodes
✔✔1803- John Dalton - ✔✔Considered the father of the modern theory of atoms and
molecules
✔✔1895- Wilhelm Roentgen - ✔✔Discovered x-ray
✔✔1896- Henri Becquerel - ✔✔Discovered naturally occurring radioactive substances
✔✔1898- Marie Curie - ✔✔Discovered two new elements in the uranium ore
✔✔1923- George de Hevesy - ✔✔Considered the father of Nuclear Medicine
✔✔1931- Ernest Lawrence - ✔✔Invented the cyclotron device used to produce (man-
made) radioactive tracers
✔✔1958- Hal Anger - ✔✔Introduced Gamma camera
, ✔✔1960- David Edwards and Roy Kuhl - ✔✔Single photon emission computed
tomography (SPECT) camera
✔✔1980s - ✔✔SPECT imaging became standard practice
✔✔Nuclear Medicine - ✔✔Medical Specialty focuses on the use of radioactive materials
for diagnosis, therapy, and medical research.
✔✔Radiopharmaceuticals - ✔✔Radioactive drug used for diagnosis or therapy
✔✔Tracer - ✔✔Radioactive isotope used to allow a biological process to be seen
✔✔Gamma or scintillation camera - ✔✔Device that uses the emission of light from a
crystal struck by gamma rays to produce an image
✔✔Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - ✔✔Creates transaxial images
✔✔The positron and neutrino are both ejected from the nucleus - ✔✔Proton=Neutron+
Positron+Neutrino
✔✔Positron annihilation - ✔✔Occurs when a positron interacts with a free electron
✔✔A PET gantry - ✔✔May have 30 to 60 rings, each ring has as many as 1000
detectors
✔✔Detectors receive - ✔✔Simultaneous detection of a pair of annihilation photons
emitted from the body
✔✔Physical Principles of Nuclear Medicine - ✔✔The Atom, Nuclide, Neutron to Proton
Ratio, Spontaneous Decay
✔✔Basic Components of the Atom - ✔✔Nucleus (Center of atom), Protons (Positively
charged Electrons), Negatively charged Neutrons (Electrically neutral)
✔✔Nuclide - ✔✔*Describes an atomic species
*Isotopes same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons
✔✔Neutron-to-Proton Ratio - ✔✔*Determines stability of atom
*At certain ratios atoms are unstable
✔✔Spontaneous Decay - ✔✔Process that occurs when atoms attempt to regain stability
AND SOLUTIONS GUARANTEE A+
✔✔Gastrointestinal System - ✔✔Liver/spleen scan
✔✔Genitourinary System - ✔✔Reliable, noninvasive procedures for evaluating the
anatomy and function of nephrology, urology & kidney
✔✔Therapeutic Nuclear Medicine - ✔✔Potential for detecting and treating cancer
✔✔In Vivo - ✔✔In vivo evaluation of physiologic function by administering small tracer
amounts of radioactive material to the patient and subsequently counting specimens of
urine, blood, feces, or breath
✔✔Hematologic Studies - ✔✔include plasma volume measurement, Schilling test, red
cell mass, red cell survival, and red cell sequestration
✔✔In Vitro - ✔✔In vitro radioimmunoassay- for quantifying biologically important
substances in the serum or other body fluids
✔✔Imaging for Infection - ✔✔Diagnostic tool in evaluating inflammation, infection and
abscesses
✔✔Respiratory Imaging - ✔✔Evaluate pulmonary emboli, chronic bronchitis, asthma
✔✔Sentinel Node - ✔✔Contrast lymphangiography, MRI, and CT methods to evaluate
status of lymph nodes
✔✔1803- John Dalton - ✔✔Considered the father of the modern theory of atoms and
molecules
✔✔1895- Wilhelm Roentgen - ✔✔Discovered x-ray
✔✔1896- Henri Becquerel - ✔✔Discovered naturally occurring radioactive substances
✔✔1898- Marie Curie - ✔✔Discovered two new elements in the uranium ore
✔✔1923- George de Hevesy - ✔✔Considered the father of Nuclear Medicine
✔✔1931- Ernest Lawrence - ✔✔Invented the cyclotron device used to produce (man-
made) radioactive tracers
✔✔1958- Hal Anger - ✔✔Introduced Gamma camera
, ✔✔1960- David Edwards and Roy Kuhl - ✔✔Single photon emission computed
tomography (SPECT) camera
✔✔1980s - ✔✔SPECT imaging became standard practice
✔✔Nuclear Medicine - ✔✔Medical Specialty focuses on the use of radioactive materials
for diagnosis, therapy, and medical research.
✔✔Radiopharmaceuticals - ✔✔Radioactive drug used for diagnosis or therapy
✔✔Tracer - ✔✔Radioactive isotope used to allow a biological process to be seen
✔✔Gamma or scintillation camera - ✔✔Device that uses the emission of light from a
crystal struck by gamma rays to produce an image
✔✔Positron Emission Tomography (PET) - ✔✔Creates transaxial images
✔✔The positron and neutrino are both ejected from the nucleus - ✔✔Proton=Neutron+
Positron+Neutrino
✔✔Positron annihilation - ✔✔Occurs when a positron interacts with a free electron
✔✔A PET gantry - ✔✔May have 30 to 60 rings, each ring has as many as 1000
detectors
✔✔Detectors receive - ✔✔Simultaneous detection of a pair of annihilation photons
emitted from the body
✔✔Physical Principles of Nuclear Medicine - ✔✔The Atom, Nuclide, Neutron to Proton
Ratio, Spontaneous Decay
✔✔Basic Components of the Atom - ✔✔Nucleus (Center of atom), Protons (Positively
charged Electrons), Negatively charged Neutrons (Electrically neutral)
✔✔Nuclide - ✔✔*Describes an atomic species
*Isotopes same number of protons and electrons but different number of neutrons
✔✔Neutron-to-Proton Ratio - ✔✔*Determines stability of atom
*At certain ratios atoms are unstable
✔✔Spontaneous Decay - ✔✔Process that occurs when atoms attempt to regain stability
