PSYCH 100 UPDATED ACTUAL PAPER QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔cognitive factors in depression - ✔✔Aaron Beck believe that our thoughts/cognitions
are an important factor in emotional problems, our beliefs about ourselves and our
relationships make us more or less vulnerable to depression, negative vs positive
thoughts
✔✔example of major depression - ✔✔failing test internally would be its all my fault,
externally would be my professor sucks, stable would be I was born stupid, global wold
be I'll fail all of my classes
✔✔post partum depression - ✔✔episodes of major depression that affect women after
the birth of a child
✔✔seasonal affective disorder - ✔✔episode of depression that only occurs in winter
months
✔✔bipolar affective disorder - ✔✔periods of mania that alternate with periods of severe
depression
✔✔mania - ✔✔a disturbance in mood in which the individual experiences a euphoria
characterized by unrealistic optimism and heightened sensory pleasures, dangerous
because it leads to risky behavior
✔✔psychotic disorders - ✔✔psychological disorders characterized by becoming out of
touch with reality
✔✔schizophrenia - ✔✔disorder involving severe cognitive disturbance and
disorganization of thought, makes normal living impossible, 1% of population of men
and woman
✔✔characteristics of schizophrenia - ✔✔Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized
thinking, emotions and behavior including fragmented thoughts, incoherent speech,
inappropriate behavior, and flat emotions except for anger
✔✔delusions - ✔✔distorted or bizarre beliefs that have no basis in reality
✔✔delusions of grandeur - ✔✔distorted sense of own importance, "I am Jesus"
✔✔delusions of persecution - ✔✔distorted sense of paranoia, "The government is
watching me"
,✔✔hallucinations - ✔✔false perceptual experiences such as seeing, hearing, feeling
things that are not there
✔✔most common hallucination - ✔✔hearing voices, but can involve other senses
✔✔Causes of Schizophrenia - ✔✔genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities,
neurotransmitter abnormalities, prenatal or birth problems, adolescent abnormalities in
brain development
✔✔personality disorder - ✔✔believed to result from personalities the developed
improperly during childhood, being in early life, have hard time in relationship with
others, disturbing to others, difficult to treat
✔✔borderline personality disorder - ✔✔characterized by impulsive and unpredictable
behavior, unstable relationships, anger, constant need to be with others and a lack of
identity, frequent suicidal gestures like cutting
✔✔narcissistic personality disorder - ✔✔characterized by unrealistic sense of self-
importance, preoccupied with fantasies of future success, requires constant attention
and praise, reacts very negatively and aggressively to criticism, lacks a genuine
concern for others, liking yourself
✔✔antisocial personality disorder - ✔✔characterized by a lack of guilt about violating
social rules and laws and taking advantage of others, formerly known as psychopath or
sociopath
✔✔antisocial personality biological links - ✔✔central nervous system functions
differently, problems with frontal lobe functioning, genetic factors
✔✔psychotherapy - ✔✔a specialized process in which a trained professional uses
psychological methods to help a person with psychological problems
✔✔psychoanalysis - ✔✔Freud, the root of all psychological problems are unconscious
conflicts
✔✔free association - ✔✔talk about whatever comes to mind, uncensored
✔✔dream analysis - ✔✔"royal road to the unconscious"
✔✔psychodynamic therapy - ✔✔modern day freudian therapy, explores the deeper
reasons for a clients problems like childhood issues unconscious processes
✔✔transference - ✔✔client transfers emotions from inner life, usually feelings towards
parents, onto therapists
, ✔✔resistance - ✔✔any unconscious attempt to subvert the therapy process
✔✔Humanistic Therapy - ✔✔anti freud, Rogers and Maslow, included client-centered
therapy which emphasis the relationship between the client and therapist, very
empathetic, warmth
✔✔unconditional positive regard - ✔✔therapist must always respect and like the client,
build clients self esteem
✔✔behavior therapy - ✔✔helping clients unlearn self-defeating behaviors, classical and
operant conditioning
✔✔behavioral treatment of phobias - ✔✔systematic desensitization, skills training,
flooding
✔✔systematic desensitization - ✔✔a complex procedure involved progressive
relaxation and graded exposure to phobic stimuli
✔✔progressive relaxation - ✔✔learning to deeply relax the muscles of the body
✔✔graduated exposure - ✔✔exposing mildly fearful stimuli and then gradually exposing
more and more fearful stimuli, like using spiders
✔✔Flooding - ✔✔confronting the client with high levels of fearful stimuli until the fear
response is extinguished, can't escape, feathers
✔✔Skills Training - ✔✔teach skills (such as social skills) that someone may be lacking
✔✔Role playing - ✔✔a therapeutic technique in which the therapist and client act out
different scenarios that might be problematic to the client
✔✔Cognitive Therapy - ✔✔teaches individuals new cognitions, thoughts, adaptive
beliefs, expectations, and ways of thinking in order to eliminate abnormal emotions and
behavior
✔✔Rational Emotive Therapy - ✔✔Albert Ellis, challenge a person's unrealistic thoughts
or irrational beliefs
✔✔catastrophize - ✔✔when a person blows things out of proportion
✔✔overgeneralize - ✔✔when a person thinks in all or nothing terms
ANSWERS GRADED A+
✔cognitive factors in depression - ✔✔Aaron Beck believe that our thoughts/cognitions
are an important factor in emotional problems, our beliefs about ourselves and our
relationships make us more or less vulnerable to depression, negative vs positive
thoughts
✔✔example of major depression - ✔✔failing test internally would be its all my fault,
externally would be my professor sucks, stable would be I was born stupid, global wold
be I'll fail all of my classes
✔✔post partum depression - ✔✔episodes of major depression that affect women after
the birth of a child
✔✔seasonal affective disorder - ✔✔episode of depression that only occurs in winter
months
✔✔bipolar affective disorder - ✔✔periods of mania that alternate with periods of severe
depression
✔✔mania - ✔✔a disturbance in mood in which the individual experiences a euphoria
characterized by unrealistic optimism and heightened sensory pleasures, dangerous
because it leads to risky behavior
✔✔psychotic disorders - ✔✔psychological disorders characterized by becoming out of
touch with reality
✔✔schizophrenia - ✔✔disorder involving severe cognitive disturbance and
disorganization of thought, makes normal living impossible, 1% of population of men
and woman
✔✔characteristics of schizophrenia - ✔✔Delusions, Hallucinations, Disorganized
thinking, emotions and behavior including fragmented thoughts, incoherent speech,
inappropriate behavior, and flat emotions except for anger
✔✔delusions - ✔✔distorted or bizarre beliefs that have no basis in reality
✔✔delusions of grandeur - ✔✔distorted sense of own importance, "I am Jesus"
✔✔delusions of persecution - ✔✔distorted sense of paranoia, "The government is
watching me"
,✔✔hallucinations - ✔✔false perceptual experiences such as seeing, hearing, feeling
things that are not there
✔✔most common hallucination - ✔✔hearing voices, but can involve other senses
✔✔Causes of Schizophrenia - ✔✔genetic predisposition, structural brain abnormalities,
neurotransmitter abnormalities, prenatal or birth problems, adolescent abnormalities in
brain development
✔✔personality disorder - ✔✔believed to result from personalities the developed
improperly during childhood, being in early life, have hard time in relationship with
others, disturbing to others, difficult to treat
✔✔borderline personality disorder - ✔✔characterized by impulsive and unpredictable
behavior, unstable relationships, anger, constant need to be with others and a lack of
identity, frequent suicidal gestures like cutting
✔✔narcissistic personality disorder - ✔✔characterized by unrealistic sense of self-
importance, preoccupied with fantasies of future success, requires constant attention
and praise, reacts very negatively and aggressively to criticism, lacks a genuine
concern for others, liking yourself
✔✔antisocial personality disorder - ✔✔characterized by a lack of guilt about violating
social rules and laws and taking advantage of others, formerly known as psychopath or
sociopath
✔✔antisocial personality biological links - ✔✔central nervous system functions
differently, problems with frontal lobe functioning, genetic factors
✔✔psychotherapy - ✔✔a specialized process in which a trained professional uses
psychological methods to help a person with psychological problems
✔✔psychoanalysis - ✔✔Freud, the root of all psychological problems are unconscious
conflicts
✔✔free association - ✔✔talk about whatever comes to mind, uncensored
✔✔dream analysis - ✔✔"royal road to the unconscious"
✔✔psychodynamic therapy - ✔✔modern day freudian therapy, explores the deeper
reasons for a clients problems like childhood issues unconscious processes
✔✔transference - ✔✔client transfers emotions from inner life, usually feelings towards
parents, onto therapists
, ✔✔resistance - ✔✔any unconscious attempt to subvert the therapy process
✔✔Humanistic Therapy - ✔✔anti freud, Rogers and Maslow, included client-centered
therapy which emphasis the relationship between the client and therapist, very
empathetic, warmth
✔✔unconditional positive regard - ✔✔therapist must always respect and like the client,
build clients self esteem
✔✔behavior therapy - ✔✔helping clients unlearn self-defeating behaviors, classical and
operant conditioning
✔✔behavioral treatment of phobias - ✔✔systematic desensitization, skills training,
flooding
✔✔systematic desensitization - ✔✔a complex procedure involved progressive
relaxation and graded exposure to phobic stimuli
✔✔progressive relaxation - ✔✔learning to deeply relax the muscles of the body
✔✔graduated exposure - ✔✔exposing mildly fearful stimuli and then gradually exposing
more and more fearful stimuli, like using spiders
✔✔Flooding - ✔✔confronting the client with high levels of fearful stimuli until the fear
response is extinguished, can't escape, feathers
✔✔Skills Training - ✔✔teach skills (such as social skills) that someone may be lacking
✔✔Role playing - ✔✔a therapeutic technique in which the therapist and client act out
different scenarios that might be problematic to the client
✔✔Cognitive Therapy - ✔✔teaches individuals new cognitions, thoughts, adaptive
beliefs, expectations, and ways of thinking in order to eliminate abnormal emotions and
behavior
✔✔Rational Emotive Therapy - ✔✔Albert Ellis, challenge a person's unrealistic thoughts
or irrational beliefs
✔✔catastrophize - ✔✔when a person blows things out of proportion
✔✔overgeneralize - ✔✔when a person thinks in all or nothing terms
