,
, HES4809
JAN/FEB
QUESTION 1 (30 MARKS)
Select a specific local development or environmental problem you have personally observed (e.g.
informal settlement expansion, wetland infilling, sand mining, landfill siting, water pollution,
floodplain occupation, mining, dam construction, road expansion, etc.).
A. Indicate the chosen development or problem. Then, briefly describe the:
i.Biophysical components
ii. Social actors
iii. Economic drivers
iv. Governance institutions
v.Feedback loops (10 Marks)
B. Using that same case, select four IEM principles. Critically demonstrate how each of those
four IEM principles (e.g. precautionary principle, intergenerational equity, public
participation, polluter pays, integration, sustainability) are being:
i. Applied
ii. Violated
iii. Ignored
Support your answer with examples from the specific site or area (12 Marks)
C. Propose a decision-support framework (stepwise, with applicable tools) that a municipal
environmental manager could realistically use for this case, explicitly integrating:
i. SEA
ii. EIA
iii. Risk Assessment
iv. Stakeholder engagement
v. Monitoring and adaptive management (8 Marks)
,
, HES4809
JAN/FEB
QUESTION 1 (30 MARKS)
Select a specific local development or environmental problem you have personally observed (e.g.
informal settlement expansion, wetland infilling, sand mining, landfill siting, water pollution,
floodplain occupation, mining, dam construction, road expansion, etc.).
A. Indicate the chosen development or problem. Then, briefly describe the:
i.Biophysical components
ii. Social actors
iii. Economic drivers
iv. Governance institutions
v.Feedback loops (10 Marks)
B. Using that same case, select four IEM principles. Critically demonstrate how each of those
four IEM principles (e.g. precautionary principle, intergenerational equity, public
participation, polluter pays, integration, sustainability) are being:
i. Applied
ii. Violated
iii. Ignored
Support your answer with examples from the specific site or area (12 Marks)
C. Propose a decision-support framework (stepwise, with applicable tools) that a municipal
environmental manager could realistically use for this case, explicitly integrating:
i. SEA
ii. EIA
iii. Risk Assessment
iv. Stakeholder engagement
v. Monitoring and adaptive management (8 Marks)
,
