PS 1010 Exam 1 Study Guide With
Complete Solutions
Politics - ANSWER the activities associated with the governance of a country or other
area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to
achieve power:
Government - ANSWER the governing body of a nation, state, or community:
Nation (nation-state) - ANSWER a large aggregate of people united by common descent,
history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory:
Sovereignty - ANSWER supreme power or authority
Peace of Westphalia (1648) - ANSWER a series of peace treaties signed between May
and October 1648 in Osnabrück and Münster. Ended the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)
in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Eighty Years' War (1568-1648) between Spain and
the Dutch Republic. Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic.
Multipolar - ANSWER a distribution of power in which more than two nation-states have
nearly equal amounts of military, cultural, and economic influence
Bipolar - ANSWER a distribution of power in which two states have the majority of
economic, military, and cultural influence internationally or regionally
Unipolar - ANSWER a distribution of power in which one state exercises most of the
cultural, economic, and military influence
Ideology - ANSWER a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of
economic or political theory and policy
, Duverger's Law - ANSWER a principle that asserts that plurality rule elections
structured within single-member districts tend to favor a two-party system.
Anarchism - ANSWER a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies
based on voluntary institutions
Libertarianism - ANSWER a political philosophy that upholds liberty as its principal
objective. Libertarians seek to maximize autonomy and freedom of choice, emphasizing
political freedom, voluntary association and the primacy of individual judgment
Conservatism - ANSWER commitment to traditional values and ideas with opposition to
change or innovation. The holding of political views that favor free enterprise, private
ownership, and socially conservative ideas
Liberalism - ANSWER a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and
equality
Fascism (Communism) - ANSWER a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating
class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each
person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Thomas More (February 7, 1438 - July 6, 1535) - ANSWER an English lawyer, social
philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist. He was also a
councilor to Henry VIII, and Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to 16
May 1532. He also wrote Utopia, published in 1516, about the political system of an
imaginary ideal island nation.
Utopia (1516) - ANSWER a work of fiction and political philosophy by Thomas More
(1478-1535) published in 1516 in Latin. The book is a frame narrative primarily depicting
a fictional island society and its religious social and political customs. Many aspects of
More's description of Utopia are reminiscent of life in monasteries.
Complete Solutions
Politics - ANSWER the activities associated with the governance of a country or other
area, especially the debate or conflict among individuals or parties having or hoping to
achieve power:
Government - ANSWER the governing body of a nation, state, or community:
Nation (nation-state) - ANSWER a large aggregate of people united by common descent,
history, culture, or language, inhabiting a particular country or territory:
Sovereignty - ANSWER supreme power or authority
Peace of Westphalia (1648) - ANSWER a series of peace treaties signed between May
and October 1648 in Osnabrück and Münster. Ended the Thirty Years' War (1618-1648)
in the Holy Roman Empire, and the Eighty Years' War (1568-1648) between Spain and
the Dutch Republic. Spain formally recognizing the independence of the Dutch Republic.
Multipolar - ANSWER a distribution of power in which more than two nation-states have
nearly equal amounts of military, cultural, and economic influence
Bipolar - ANSWER a distribution of power in which two states have the majority of
economic, military, and cultural influence internationally or regionally
Unipolar - ANSWER a distribution of power in which one state exercises most of the
cultural, economic, and military influence
Ideology - ANSWER a system of ideas and ideals, especially one that forms the basis of
economic or political theory and policy
, Duverger's Law - ANSWER a principle that asserts that plurality rule elections
structured within single-member districts tend to favor a two-party system.
Anarchism - ANSWER a political philosophy that advocates self-governed societies
based on voluntary institutions
Libertarianism - ANSWER a political philosophy that upholds liberty as its principal
objective. Libertarians seek to maximize autonomy and freedom of choice, emphasizing
political freedom, voluntary association and the primacy of individual judgment
Conservatism - ANSWER commitment to traditional values and ideas with opposition to
change or innovation. The holding of political views that favor free enterprise, private
ownership, and socially conservative ideas
Liberalism - ANSWER a political philosophy or worldview founded on ideas of liberty and
equality
Fascism (Communism) - ANSWER a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating
class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each
person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs.
Thomas More (February 7, 1438 - July 6, 1535) - ANSWER an English lawyer, social
philosopher, author, statesman and noted Renaissance humanist. He was also a
councilor to Henry VIII, and Lord High Chancellor of England from October 1529 to 16
May 1532. He also wrote Utopia, published in 1516, about the political system of an
imaginary ideal island nation.
Utopia (1516) - ANSWER a work of fiction and political philosophy by Thomas More
(1478-1535) published in 1516 in Latin. The book is a frame narrative primarily depicting
a fictional island society and its religious social and political customs. Many aspects of
More's description of Utopia are reminiscent of life in monasteries.
