Med Surg ATI Cardiovascular and respiratory
questions and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following vein ligation and stripping for varicose veins.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- correct answer Position the client supine with his legs elevated when in bed.
A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery. The
client's vital signs are blood pressure 160/98 mm Hg, heart rate 102/min, respirations 22/min, and SpO2
95%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Administer antihypertensive medication for blood pressure.
Monitor that urinary output is 20 mL/hr.
Withhold pain medication to prepare for surgery.
Take vital signs every 2 hr.
- correct answer The nurse should administer antihypertensive medication for the elevated blood
pressure because hypertension can cause a sudden rupture of the aneurysm due to pressure on the
arterial wall.
A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia. The client reports pain and swelling in a joint following
an injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Obtain blood samples to test platelet function.
Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor.
Administer aspirin for the client's pain.
Place the bleeding joint in the dependent position
- correct answer Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor.
, Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood clots slowly and abnormal bleeding occurs.
It is caused by a deficiency in the most common clotting factor, factor VIII (hemophilia A). Aggressive
factor replacement is initiated to prevent hemarthrosis that can result in long-term loss of range of
motion in repeatedly affected joints.
A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of aplastic anemia. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
Plethoric appearance of facial skin
Glossitis and weight loss
Jaundice with an enlarged liver
Petechiae and ecchymosis
- correct answer Petechiae and ecchymosis
The client who has aplastic anemia will have manifestations of petechiae and ecchymosis. Dyspnea on
exertion also can be present. In aplastic anemia, all three major blood components (red blood cells,
white blood cells, and platelets) are reduced or absent, which is known as pancytopenia. Manifestations
usually develop gradually.
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect?
Decreased capillary refill
Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Dependent edema
- correct answer Dependent edema
Blood return from the venous system to the right atrium is impaired by a weakened right heart. The
subsequent systemic venous backup leads to development of dependent edema.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a demand pacemaker inserted with the rate set at 72/min. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
questions and answers 2026\2027 A+ Grade
A nurse is caring for a client who is postoperative following vein ligation and stripping for varicose veins.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
- correct answer Position the client supine with his legs elevated when in bed.
A nurse is caring for a client who has an abdominal aortic aneurysm and is scheduled for surgery. The
client's vital signs are blood pressure 160/98 mm Hg, heart rate 102/min, respirations 22/min, and SpO2
95%. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Administer antihypertensive medication for blood pressure.
Monitor that urinary output is 20 mL/hr.
Withhold pain medication to prepare for surgery.
Take vital signs every 2 hr.
- correct answer The nurse should administer antihypertensive medication for the elevated blood
pressure because hypertension can cause a sudden rupture of the aneurysm due to pressure on the
arterial wall.
A nurse is caring for a client who has hemophilia. The client reports pain and swelling in a joint following
an injury. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
Obtain blood samples to test platelet function.
Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor.
Administer aspirin for the client's pain.
Place the bleeding joint in the dependent position
- correct answer Prepare for replacement of the missing clotting factor.
, Hemophilia is a hereditary bleeding disorder in which blood clots slowly and abnormal bleeding occurs.
It is caused by a deficiency in the most common clotting factor, factor VIII (hemophilia A). Aggressive
factor replacement is initiated to prevent hemarthrosis that can result in long-term loss of range of
motion in repeatedly affected joints.
A nurse is assessing a client for manifestations of aplastic anemia. Which of the following findings should
the nurse expect?
Plethoric appearance of facial skin
Glossitis and weight loss
Jaundice with an enlarged liver
Petechiae and ecchymosis
- correct answer Petechiae and ecchymosis
The client who has aplastic anemia will have manifestations of petechiae and ecchymosis. Dyspnea on
exertion also can be present. In aplastic anemia, all three major blood components (red blood cells,
white blood cells, and platelets) are reduced or absent, which is known as pancytopenia. Manifestations
usually develop gradually.
A nurse is assessing a client who has right-sided heart failure. Which of the following findings should the
nurse expect?
Decreased capillary refill
Dyspnea
Orthopnea
Dependent edema
- correct answer Dependent edema
Blood return from the venous system to the right atrium is impaired by a weakened right heart. The
subsequent systemic venous backup leads to development of dependent edema.
A nurse is caring for a client who has a demand pacemaker inserted with the rate set at 72/min. Which
of the following findings should the nurse expect?
