NSG 3600: Children's Health Exam 1 | Unit
1 & 2 Review Guide | (2026) Study Guide
PDF
NSG 3600: Children’s Health— Exam #1
Unit 1 & 2 Review/Study Guide
Mendellin
Includes: Book, PPT, Mini Lesson, Lecture Notes, Key points
Unit 1: Growth & Development & Immunizations and Infectious diseases
Growth & Development
Principals of Pediatric Nursing
• Family Centered Care
o Family is recognized as the constant in a child’s life
o Systems must support, respect, encourage, and enhance the strength and competence of the
family
o The needs of all family members must be addressed
▪ Parent needs to be involved in care
▪ Depending on age child needs to be involved in care
▪ Organize day by talking to family before performing any procedure
• Concept of ―enabling‖
o Families are given opportunities to display caring abilities and make develop new ones
• Concept of ―empowerment‖
o Families are encouraged to maintain or acquire a sense of control and make positive changes
• Accomplished through the parent-professional partnership
• Therapeutic/ Atraumatic Care
o The goal of providing atraumatic care is ―first, do no harm.‖ Three principles to help achieve this
goal are:
▪ Prevent separation
▪ Promote sense of control
▪ Minimize bodily injury
• Advocacy
o Ensuring that families are informed: health services and care available, treatments and
procedures
o Ensuring that families are involved in their child’s care
, o Ensuring that families are encouraged to support or change health care practices
Consent***
• Informed consent
o Requirements for obtaining
o Eligibility for giving
▪ Guardianship & Custody
• Age of majority/ competence
o ―Emancipated Minor‖
o ―Assent‖
• Treatment without parental consent
o Parens Patriae is the power of the state to act as guardian for those who are unable to care for
themselves, such as children or disabled individuals
Growth and Development
• Continuously assess height and weight
• Sequential trends
, o Sequential trends are based on the concept that each child will normally pass through each stage of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
growth and development in a predictable sequence
j j j j j j j
o These patterns, or trends, are universal and basic to all human beings, but each human being
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
accomplishes these in a manner and time unique to that individual
j j j j j j j j j j j
Newborn/Infant: Birth to 1 Year j j j j
Reflexes and neurological j j • Rooting: head turns and begins to suck when the check/lower lip is j j j j j j j j j j j
development: How to perform
j j j j j stroked stroke cheek/lip
j j j
this reflex?
j j • Sucking: sucking motion of lips, mouth, and tongue survival j j j j j j j j
reflex
• Palmar & palmar grasping: palms of hands/ soles of feet are
j j j j j j j j j j
stroked, causing fingers or toes to scrunch up
j j j j j j j j
• Moro: startle response with sudden jarring causes extensions of the
j j j j j j j j j
head. Arms abduct & move upward. Hands for a ―c‖
j j j j j j j j j j
• Babinski: turning of foot & fanning out toes with sole stroked j j j j j j j j j j
Physical development j
• Rapid growth j
• Double birth weight at j j j j
6m and triple at 1 year
j j j j j j
• Birth length increases j j
by 50% at 12 months.
j j j j j
Fine Motor
j • Transfer objects between hands j j j
• Scribble
• Stack large objects 6-12m j j j
• Pincer grasp 9-12m j j
Gross Motor j • Raise head and chest while on belly/ roll on side 3m
j j j j j j j j j j
• No head lag 6m j j j
• Turn over 7 m j j j
• Sits unsupported 8-9m
j j
• Crawl & pull up 8-10m j j j j
Cognitive Development j
Piaget Theory j
• Sensorimotor: (Birth to age 2) j j j j
• primary means of cognition is through the senses j j j j j j j
Language Development j • Crying, babbling, imitation influenced by social interaction
j j j j j j
• Social smile 2m (6-8 weeks) j j j j
• Mama/dada 9-12m plus a few words j j j j j
Psychosocial development: j • Trust vs Mistrust (newborn to 1 year)
j j j j j j
Erikson Theory
j j • recognize that there are people that will meet their basic needs. j j j j j j j j j j
• Result: Faith & Optimism j j j
Nutrition • Breast milk or Formula j j j
• Intro to solids 4-6 months j j j j
, • Encourage self-feeding j
• Finger foods j
• Wean to cup 9-12m j j j
• Family mealtime j
• Change to whole milk: 12 m j j j j j
Age-appropriate activitiesj • Solitary Play: j
(hospitalization)
j • Mobiles
• Rattles
• Squeak toys j
• Cloth picture books j j
• Balls
• Colored blocks j
• Activity boxes j
Anticipatory Guidance:
j • Teach parents what to expect with G&D
j j j j j j
• Sleep-wake patterns: have a nighttime routine j j j j j
• Nutrition
• Safety: don’t leave them unattended j j j j
Common Injuries
j • Head Injury j
• Fracture from falls j j
• Burns
• MVA: Improperly installed car seat j j j j
• Choking
• Suffocation by cord or string j j j j
Injury Prevention
j • Child proofing house j j
• Safety locks j
• Crib
• Car seatj
• Warming bottles j
• No hot food or liquids
j j j j
• CLOSE SUPERVISION j
• No walkers
j
• No long cords or removable toys
j j j j j
• Test water temp <120F
j j j
Immunizations • HEP B j
• RV
• Dtap
• Hib
• PVC13
• IPV
• Influenza
• !2m: MMR, Varicella, Hep A
j j j j
Nursing Implications for the
j j j
Hospitalized patient: Mini
j j j • During hospitalization, an infant’s emerging skills may disappear.
j j j j j j j
Lesson
j • Baby may be inconsolable due to separation anxiety.
j j j j j j j
• Parents must be part of infant’s care. j j j j j j
• Respect schedule & implement similar. j j j j
• Speak to & console infant. Direct preparation & teaching to
j j j j j j j j j
parents.
j
• Toys for hospitalized infants: mobiles, rattles, squeak toys, cloth
j j j j j j j j
picture books, balls, colored blocks & activity boxes.
j j j j j j j j
1 & 2 Review Guide | (2026) Study Guide
NSG 3600: Children’s Health— Exam #1
Unit 1 & 2 Review/Study Guide
Mendellin
Includes: Book, PPT, Mini Lesson, Lecture Notes, Key points
Unit 1: Growth & Development & Immunizations and Infectious diseases
Growth & Development
Principals of Pediatric Nursing
• Family Centered Care
o Family is recognized as the constant in a child’s life
o Systems must support, respect, encourage, and enhance the strength and competence of the
family
o The needs of all family members must be addressed
▪ Parent needs to be involved in care
▪ Depending on age child needs to be involved in care
▪ Organize day by talking to family before performing any procedure
• Concept of ―enabling‖
o Families are given opportunities to display caring abilities and make develop new ones
• Concept of ―empowerment‖
o Families are encouraged to maintain or acquire a sense of control and make positive changes
• Accomplished through the parent-professional partnership
• Therapeutic/ Atraumatic Care
o The goal of providing atraumatic care is ―first, do no harm.‖ Three principles to help achieve this
goal are:
▪ Prevent separation
▪ Promote sense of control
▪ Minimize bodily injury
• Advocacy
o Ensuring that families are informed: health services and care available, treatments and
procedures
o Ensuring that families are involved in their child’s care
, o Ensuring that families are encouraged to support or change health care practices
Consent***
• Informed consent
o Requirements for obtaining
o Eligibility for giving
▪ Guardianship & Custody
• Age of majority/ competence
o ―Emancipated Minor‖
o ―Assent‖
• Treatment without parental consent
o Parens Patriae is the power of the state to act as guardian for those who are unable to care for
themselves, such as children or disabled individuals
Growth and Development
• Continuously assess height and weight
• Sequential trends
, o Sequential trends are based on the concept that each child will normally pass through each stage of
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
growth and development in a predictable sequence
j j j j j j j
o These patterns, or trends, are universal and basic to all human beings, but each human being
j j j j j j j j j j j j j j j
accomplishes these in a manner and time unique to that individual
j j j j j j j j j j j
Newborn/Infant: Birth to 1 Year j j j j
Reflexes and neurological j j • Rooting: head turns and begins to suck when the check/lower lip is j j j j j j j j j j j
development: How to perform
j j j j j stroked stroke cheek/lip
j j j
this reflex?
j j • Sucking: sucking motion of lips, mouth, and tongue survival j j j j j j j j
reflex
• Palmar & palmar grasping: palms of hands/ soles of feet are
j j j j j j j j j j
stroked, causing fingers or toes to scrunch up
j j j j j j j j
• Moro: startle response with sudden jarring causes extensions of the
j j j j j j j j j
head. Arms abduct & move upward. Hands for a ―c‖
j j j j j j j j j j
• Babinski: turning of foot & fanning out toes with sole stroked j j j j j j j j j j
Physical development j
• Rapid growth j
• Double birth weight at j j j j
6m and triple at 1 year
j j j j j j
• Birth length increases j j
by 50% at 12 months.
j j j j j
Fine Motor
j • Transfer objects between hands j j j
• Scribble
• Stack large objects 6-12m j j j
• Pincer grasp 9-12m j j
Gross Motor j • Raise head and chest while on belly/ roll on side 3m
j j j j j j j j j j
• No head lag 6m j j j
• Turn over 7 m j j j
• Sits unsupported 8-9m
j j
• Crawl & pull up 8-10m j j j j
Cognitive Development j
Piaget Theory j
• Sensorimotor: (Birth to age 2) j j j j
• primary means of cognition is through the senses j j j j j j j
Language Development j • Crying, babbling, imitation influenced by social interaction
j j j j j j
• Social smile 2m (6-8 weeks) j j j j
• Mama/dada 9-12m plus a few words j j j j j
Psychosocial development: j • Trust vs Mistrust (newborn to 1 year)
j j j j j j
Erikson Theory
j j • recognize that there are people that will meet their basic needs. j j j j j j j j j j
• Result: Faith & Optimism j j j
Nutrition • Breast milk or Formula j j j
• Intro to solids 4-6 months j j j j
, • Encourage self-feeding j
• Finger foods j
• Wean to cup 9-12m j j j
• Family mealtime j
• Change to whole milk: 12 m j j j j j
Age-appropriate activitiesj • Solitary Play: j
(hospitalization)
j • Mobiles
• Rattles
• Squeak toys j
• Cloth picture books j j
• Balls
• Colored blocks j
• Activity boxes j
Anticipatory Guidance:
j • Teach parents what to expect with G&D
j j j j j j
• Sleep-wake patterns: have a nighttime routine j j j j j
• Nutrition
• Safety: don’t leave them unattended j j j j
Common Injuries
j • Head Injury j
• Fracture from falls j j
• Burns
• MVA: Improperly installed car seat j j j j
• Choking
• Suffocation by cord or string j j j j
Injury Prevention
j • Child proofing house j j
• Safety locks j
• Crib
• Car seatj
• Warming bottles j
• No hot food or liquids
j j j j
• CLOSE SUPERVISION j
• No walkers
j
• No long cords or removable toys
j j j j j
• Test water temp <120F
j j j
Immunizations • HEP B j
• RV
• Dtap
• Hib
• PVC13
• IPV
• Influenza
• !2m: MMR, Varicella, Hep A
j j j j
Nursing Implications for the
j j j
Hospitalized patient: Mini
j j j • During hospitalization, an infant’s emerging skills may disappear.
j j j j j j j
Lesson
j • Baby may be inconsolable due to separation anxiety.
j j j j j j j
• Parents must be part of infant’s care. j j j j j j
• Respect schedule & implement similar. j j j j
• Speak to & console infant. Direct preparation & teaching to
j j j j j j j j j
parents.
j
• Toys for hospitalized infants: mobiles, rattles, squeak toys, cloth
j j j j j j j j
picture books, balls, colored blocks & activity boxes.
j j j j j j j j
