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NURS 623 Exam 2 – 80 Questions & Answers | Maryville University | Advanced Pathophysiology, Endocrine, Diabetes, Thyroid, Gout

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This document includes 80 fully answered and up-to-date multiple-choice questions from NURS 623: Advanced Pathophysiology – Exam 2 (2026 edition) at Maryville University, focused on endocrine system disorders and their clinical management. It is a comprehensive exam preparation tool for nurse practitioner and advanced nursing students. Topics covered include: Endocrine disorders: Cushing's syndrome and disease, Addison’s disease, Graves’ disease, Hashimoto’s, hyper/hypothyroidism, and hyperparathyroidism Thyroid diagnostics and hormone regulation: T3/T4 levels, TSH, radioactive iodine uptake, TPO antibodies Diabetes mellitus (Type 1 & 2): Diagnosis (FPG, A1C, OGTT), DKA vs. HHS, treatment goals, insulin dosing, metformin use, vitamin B12 monitoring Pharmacology: Insulin types, levothyroxine dosing, antithyroid meds (PTU, MMI), corticosteroids, gout medications (colchicine, allopurinol) Electrolyte and metabolic issues: Hypercalcemia, hypokalemia, hyponatremia, obesity, and metabolic syndrome Gout and uric acid management: Causes, lab findings, acute vs. prophylactic treatment, diet education This guide is especially useful for: Graduate-level nursing students in advanced pathophysiology or endocrinology Nurse practitioner candidates preparing for exams or board certification Clinical nurse specialists and educators needing validated practice questions Healthcare professionals reviewing endocrine and metabolic disease management Each question is paired with a correct, clearly marked answer to help reinforce knowledge, support retention, and enhance clinical application. The document reflects national standards and current 2026 curriculum guidelines. Keywords: NURS 623, Maryville, advanced pathophysiology, endocrine system, diabetes, DKA, HHS, thyroid disorders, hypothyroidism, hyperthyroidism, Addison’s, Cushing’s, Hashimoto’s, insulin therapy, metformin, gout, obesity, metabolic syndrome, nursing exam prep, nurse practitioner, graduate nursing, clinical diagnostics

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MARYVILLE NURS 623 EXAM 2 2026
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS |
100% PASS



Which of the serum laboratory findings are present in the client with

Cushing's syndrome? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Increased cortisol,

HYPERnatremia, and HYPOkalemia

Alice, age 48, has a benign thyroid nodule. The most common treatment

involves: - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Watchful waiting with an annual follow-up


ACE inhibitors are given to clients with diabetes who have - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔persistent proteinuria

,A newly diagnosed client with diabetes who has an HbA1c of 7.5 is started

on therapeutic lifestyle changes (TLC) and medical nutritional therapy

(MNT). Which oral antidiabetic agent is recommended as monotherapy? - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔metformin


An elderly client with hyperthyroidism may present with atypical symptoms.

Which of the following manifestations are commonly seen in the elderly

with hyperthyroidism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔a-fib, depression, weight loss


Diane has had Cushing's disease for 20 years and has been taking

hydrocortisone since her diagnosis. Today, she appears with a thick trunk

and thin extremities. She has a "moon face," a "buffalo hump," thin skin

with visible capillaries, and a number of bruises that appear to be slow in

healing. To what do you attribute these symptoms? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔excessive levels of cortisol


The following is a client's self-monitoring blood glucose log. The client

receives 20 units Novolin 70/30 in the morning (a.m.) and 20 units Novolin

70/30 in the evening (p.m.): Fasting a.m. pre-dinner: 90, 150, 105, 144,

101, 172, 98, 201. What changes would you make? - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔increase A.M. insulin

, Dan, age 45, is obese and has type 2 diabetes. He has been having trouble

getting his glycohemoglobin under control. He's heard that exenatide

(Byetta) causes weight loss and wants to try it. What do you tell him? - 🧠

ANSWER ✔✔"Let's try it. You're glycohemoglobin will be lowered and you

may lose weight."

Which is the only treatment option that is curative for primary

hyperparathyroidism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔parathyroidectomy


The most common worldwide cause of hypothyroidism is: - 🧠 ANSWER

✔✔iodine deficiency


What should be assessed for during exam on pt with

HYPOparathyroidism? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔chvostek's sign


Morton has Type 2 diabetes. His treatment, which includes diet, exercise,

and oral antidiabetic agents, is insufficient to achieve acceptable glycemic

control. Your next course of action is to - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔ADD LONG-

ACTING INSULIN

Joy has gout. In teaching her about her disease, which food do you tell her

is allowed in her diet? - 🧠 ANSWER ✔✔Broccoli




COPYRIGHT©NINJANERD 2025/2026. YEAR PUBLISHED 2025. COMPANY REGISTRATION NUMBER: 619652435. TERMS OF USE. PRIVACY
STATEMENT. ALL RIGHTS RESERVED
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