PNR 309 FINAL PAPER TEST BANK QUIZ
Q&A 2026 100% CORRECT.
⫸ A 70-year-old man has just been diagnosed with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). At what point should the
nurse begin to include the client's wife in the teaching around the
management of the disease?
a)As soon as possible
b)When the client requests assistance from his spouse and family
c)When the client becomes unable to manage his symptoms
independently
d)After the client has had the opportunity to adjust to his treatment
regimen Answer: a)As soon as possible
In the management of chronic illness, it is desirable to include family
caregivers in client education and symptom-management efforts as
early in the diagnosis as possible.
⫸ A nurse who is providing care for an 81-year-old female client
recognizes the need to maximize the client's mobility during her
recovery from surgery. Which of the following statements provides
the best rationale for the nurse's actions?
a)Lack of stimulation contributes to the development of cognitive
deficits in older adults.
b)Pharmacokinetics are improved by client mobility.
,c)Continued activity prevents deconditioning.
d)Regularly scheduled physical rehabilitation provides an important
sense of purpose for older clients. Answer: c)Continued activity
prevents deconditioning.
Older adults are highly susceptible to deconditioning, a process that
can be slowed or prevented by regular physical activity. This
consideration supersedes any possible effect on pharmacokinetics,
prevention of cognitive deficits, or the client's sense of purpose.
⫸ The nurse is assessing an elderly client who has arrived to the
emergency department via ambulance from home where she lives
with her adult daughter. The client has a large pressure ulcer on the
sacrum, three large bruises on the upper back, appears depressed and
withdrawn. Which of the following would the nurse suscept related to
this client?
a)Elder mistreatment
b)Social isolation
c)A stroke
d)Hypoglycemia Answer: a)Elder mistreatment
There are several types of elder mistreatment. In this scenario, the
nurse would suspect elder mistreatment related to physical neglect
(pressure ulcers), physical abuse (bruises), or psychological or
emotional abuse (withdrawn and depressed).
,⫸ Which of the following are symptoms of an overwhelmed
caregiver? (Select all that apply.)
a)Powerlessness
b)Depression
c)Resentment
d)Inadequacy
e)Fatigue Answer: ALL ANSWERS ARE CORRECT
Caregivers may develop a sense of being overwhelmed and have
feelings of inadequacy, powerlessness, and depression. The stress of
caregiving may result in emotional problems such as depression,
anger, and resentment. The burden of caregiving may lead to social
isolation, which can be characterized by increased time commitments
and fatigue.
⫸ The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with
pneumonia. Upon assessment, the nurse notes a temperature of
38.6°C (101.5°F), a productive cough with yellow sputum, and a
respiratory rate of 20 breaths/minute. Which of the following nursing
diagnoses is most appropriate based upon this assessment?
a)Hyperthermia related to infectious illness
b)Ineffective thermoregulation related to chilling
c)Ineffective breathing pattern related to pneumonia
d)Ineffective airway clearance related to thick secretions Answer:
a)Hyperthermia related to infectious illness
, Because the client has spiked a temperature and has a diagnosis of
pneumonia, the logical nursing diagnosis is hyperthermia related to
infectious illness. There is no evidence of a chill, and the client's
breathing pattern is within normal limits at 20 breaths/minute. There
is no evidence of ineffective airway clearance from the information
given because the client is expectorating sputum.
⫸ Which of the following physical assessment findings in a client
with a lower respiratory problem best supports the nursing diagnosis
of ineffective airway clearance?
a)Basilar crackles
b)Respiratory rate of 28
c)Oxygen saturation of 85%
d)Presence of greenish sputum Answer: a)Basilar crackles
The presence of adventitious breath sounds indicates that there is
accumulation of secretions in the lower airways. This would be
consistent with a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance
because the client is retaining secretions.
⫸ Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse
expect to find during assessment of a client admitted with
pneumococcal pneumonia?
a)Hyper-resonance on percussion
b)Vesicular breath sounds in all lobes
c)Increased tactile fremitus on palpation
Q&A 2026 100% CORRECT.
⫸ A 70-year-old man has just been diagnosed with chronic
obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). At what point should the
nurse begin to include the client's wife in the teaching around the
management of the disease?
a)As soon as possible
b)When the client requests assistance from his spouse and family
c)When the client becomes unable to manage his symptoms
independently
d)After the client has had the opportunity to adjust to his treatment
regimen Answer: a)As soon as possible
In the management of chronic illness, it is desirable to include family
caregivers in client education and symptom-management efforts as
early in the diagnosis as possible.
⫸ A nurse who is providing care for an 81-year-old female client
recognizes the need to maximize the client's mobility during her
recovery from surgery. Which of the following statements provides
the best rationale for the nurse's actions?
a)Lack of stimulation contributes to the development of cognitive
deficits in older adults.
b)Pharmacokinetics are improved by client mobility.
,c)Continued activity prevents deconditioning.
d)Regularly scheduled physical rehabilitation provides an important
sense of purpose for older clients. Answer: c)Continued activity
prevents deconditioning.
Older adults are highly susceptible to deconditioning, a process that
can be slowed or prevented by regular physical activity. This
consideration supersedes any possible effect on pharmacokinetics,
prevention of cognitive deficits, or the client's sense of purpose.
⫸ The nurse is assessing an elderly client who has arrived to the
emergency department via ambulance from home where she lives
with her adult daughter. The client has a large pressure ulcer on the
sacrum, three large bruises on the upper back, appears depressed and
withdrawn. Which of the following would the nurse suscept related to
this client?
a)Elder mistreatment
b)Social isolation
c)A stroke
d)Hypoglycemia Answer: a)Elder mistreatment
There are several types of elder mistreatment. In this scenario, the
nurse would suspect elder mistreatment related to physical neglect
(pressure ulcers), physical abuse (bruises), or psychological or
emotional abuse (withdrawn and depressed).
,⫸ Which of the following are symptoms of an overwhelmed
caregiver? (Select all that apply.)
a)Powerlessness
b)Depression
c)Resentment
d)Inadequacy
e)Fatigue Answer: ALL ANSWERS ARE CORRECT
Caregivers may develop a sense of being overwhelmed and have
feelings of inadequacy, powerlessness, and depression. The stress of
caregiving may result in emotional problems such as depression,
anger, and resentment. The burden of caregiving may lead to social
isolation, which can be characterized by increased time commitments
and fatigue.
⫸ The nurse is caring for a client admitted to the hospital with
pneumonia. Upon assessment, the nurse notes a temperature of
38.6°C (101.5°F), a productive cough with yellow sputum, and a
respiratory rate of 20 breaths/minute. Which of the following nursing
diagnoses is most appropriate based upon this assessment?
a)Hyperthermia related to infectious illness
b)Ineffective thermoregulation related to chilling
c)Ineffective breathing pattern related to pneumonia
d)Ineffective airway clearance related to thick secretions Answer:
a)Hyperthermia related to infectious illness
, Because the client has spiked a temperature and has a diagnosis of
pneumonia, the logical nursing diagnosis is hyperthermia related to
infectious illness. There is no evidence of a chill, and the client's
breathing pattern is within normal limits at 20 breaths/minute. There
is no evidence of ineffective airway clearance from the information
given because the client is expectorating sputum.
⫸ Which of the following physical assessment findings in a client
with a lower respiratory problem best supports the nursing diagnosis
of ineffective airway clearance?
a)Basilar crackles
b)Respiratory rate of 28
c)Oxygen saturation of 85%
d)Presence of greenish sputum Answer: a)Basilar crackles
The presence of adventitious breath sounds indicates that there is
accumulation of secretions in the lower airways. This would be
consistent with a nursing diagnosis of ineffective airway clearance
because the client is retaining secretions.
⫸ Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse
expect to find during assessment of a client admitted with
pneumococcal pneumonia?
a)Hyper-resonance on percussion
b)Vesicular breath sounds in all lobes
c)Increased tactile fremitus on palpation
