PHTLS 10TH EDITION POST TEST 2026
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Signs of immediate transport during primary assessment.
Answer: GCS < 13
Systolic BP < 90
AVPU is on P or U
Need for ventilation
◉ Signs of immediate transport during assessment of injury.
Answer: Two or more long bone fractures
Flail chest
Penetrating injuries
Pulseless extremities
Pelvis fracture
Paralysis
Falls > 20 feet for adults and 10 feet for children
Most high risk auto crashes
◉ XCABCDE Answer: Exsanguinating Hemorrhage // Cervical
immobilization // Airway // Breathing // Circulation // Disability &
Neuro // Environment
, ◉ MARCH Answer: Massive bleeding // Airway // Respiration //
Circulation // Head & Hypothermia
◉ Shock and Tachypnea vs Bradypnea Answer: Tachynpea should be
sign of hypoperfusion and Bradypnea should be sign of late shock /
GTF
◉ Disability and Traumatic Brian Injury signs Answer: Altered LOC
and anxiety = first signs of cerebral hypoxia and hypoperfusion
◉ Greatest worry from fractures Answer: HIP / FEMUR (can lose
about 30% of blood in one thigh)
◉ Confounding factors Answer: Age (young and old seem to
deteriorate quickly and old are awful at compensating for even
smallest of injury) // preexisting medical conditions (may present
as certain odd vital signs) // Medication
◉ Controlling major bleeding Answer: Direct hand pressure /
Pressure bandage (check if better)
1) Tourniquet if on an extremity
2) Topical hemostatic agent and direct pressure if on trunk
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
◉ Signs of immediate transport during primary assessment.
Answer: GCS < 13
Systolic BP < 90
AVPU is on P or U
Need for ventilation
◉ Signs of immediate transport during assessment of injury.
Answer: Two or more long bone fractures
Flail chest
Penetrating injuries
Pulseless extremities
Pelvis fracture
Paralysis
Falls > 20 feet for adults and 10 feet for children
Most high risk auto crashes
◉ XCABCDE Answer: Exsanguinating Hemorrhage // Cervical
immobilization // Airway // Breathing // Circulation // Disability &
Neuro // Environment
, ◉ MARCH Answer: Massive bleeding // Airway // Respiration //
Circulation // Head & Hypothermia
◉ Shock and Tachypnea vs Bradypnea Answer: Tachynpea should be
sign of hypoperfusion and Bradypnea should be sign of late shock /
GTF
◉ Disability and Traumatic Brian Injury signs Answer: Altered LOC
and anxiety = first signs of cerebral hypoxia and hypoperfusion
◉ Greatest worry from fractures Answer: HIP / FEMUR (can lose
about 30% of blood in one thigh)
◉ Confounding factors Answer: Age (young and old seem to
deteriorate quickly and old are awful at compensating for even
smallest of injury) // preexisting medical conditions (may present
as certain odd vital signs) // Medication
◉ Controlling major bleeding Answer: Direct hand pressure /
Pressure bandage (check if better)
1) Tourniquet if on an extremity
2) Topical hemostatic agent and direct pressure if on trunk
