CA QAL Category C: Right-of-Way Pest Control Additional Review Exam Questions And Answers| latest updates|

CA QAL Category C: Right-of-Way Pest Control Additional Review Exam Questions And Answers| latest updates| What is the most commonly used pesticide in rights-of-way? - ANSWER Herbicides What is integrated vegetation management? - ANSWER -The use of herbicides with other control methods to provide better overall control What affects the usefulness of an herbicide? - ANSWER -How and where the material is applied, at what time of year, under what soil conditions, in what weather, and the target species growth stage Non-selective or broad-spectrum herbicides: - ANSWER -Control many different plant species (good for total control) Selective herbicides: - ANSWER -affect only certain plant types Ways to selectively manage vegetation using non-selective herbicide includes: - ANSWER --applying the herbicide at a reduced rate to stunt but not kill the plants -using a shielded sprayer, directed or spot spray, or wick applicator -applying the herbicide when desirable vegetation is dormant and therefore not sensitive to the herbicide Preemergence herbicides prevent: - ANSWER -the growth of susceptible seedlings when applied to the soil before weeds germinate What elements make preemergent herbicides more effective? - ANSWER -soil incorporation after application by cultivation, irrigation, or rainfall Translocated (or systemic) herbicides are: - ANSWER -absorbed into the leaf, stem, or root tissue and moved within the plant Contact herbicides: - ANSWER -kill only the susceptible plant parts that the herbicide makes contact with during application When are contact herbicides most effective? - ANSWER -When plants are actively growing during warm, sunny weather Contact herbicides are useful for: - ANSWER --annual weeds -chemical mowing -where other herbicide types might contaminate water or soil or injure desirable plants Translocated herbicides are especially useful for: - ANSWER -killing established perennials and woody plants that would otherwise regrow from vegetative parts (*must be actively growing to be effective) What is an example of a nonselective translocated herbicide? - ANSWER Glyphosate What is an example of a selective translocated herbicide? - ANSWER -2,4-D Plant growth regulators (PGRs) or inhibitors cause: - ANSWER -physiological changes to plants that reduce their growth rate Application of PGRs to groundcovers, shrubs, and trees can: - ANSWER -reduce the frequency with which they require edging, mowing, and pruning Cultural controls are: - ANSWER -agricultural practices and techniques that help reduce pest populations by altering the environment or crop management strategies, making it less conducive to pest development Mechanical methods of control: - ANSWER -Physically exclude, injure, or remove pests Mechanical methods include: - ANSWER -mulching, manual (hand labor), structural, and thermal controls What do cultivators do? - ANSWER -disturb root systems, which kills plants and loosen soil for planting more desirable species A masticator can: - ANSWER -cut trunks 12 or more inches in diameter and mow woody species to within about 1 foot of the ground (usually combined with an herbicide application) When is a good time of year to use mowing as a control method? - ANSWER around the end of the rainy season Manual control includes the use of: - ANSWER -hand-held tools such as chainsaws, hoes, shovels, and string trimmers Structural control includes: - ANSWER -applying hard materials to surfaces to exclude plants and vertebrate pests When is structural control the best approach? - ANSWER -When areas are otherwise difficult and hazardous to maintain Structural control material includes: - ANSWER -asphalt, concrete, compacted gravel, and weed mats Thermal control includes: - ANSWER -spot treatment with heat and the controlled burning of unwanted vegetation Controlled burns can: - ANSWER -eliminate patches of invasive plants, help establish and maintain native species, and reduce the risk of wildfire If the application site is in a Ground Water Protection Area, you may need to... - ANSWER -follow special rules that may not be stated on the pesticide label