BSC 197 Exam 3 Test Questions and
Already Passed Solutions.
Interphase - Answer 1st part of cell division
About 90% of the cell cycle;
G1 Phase: "First gap"
S Phase: "Synthesis"
G2 Phase: "Second gap"
Mitotic Phase (M Phase) - Answer 2nd part of cell division
Mitosis: division of replicated DNA
Cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm
Prophase - Answer 1st Phase of Mitosis
replicated chromosomes thicken and shorten; centrosomes move outward
Prometaphase - Answer 2nd Phase of Mitosis
chromosomes continue to thicken; spindles extend from centrosomes and bind to kinetichore of
centromere
Metaphase - Answer 3rd Phase of Mitosis
chromosomes are pushed to midline of cell by spindles
Anaphase - Answer 4th Phase of Mitosis
centromere splits; spindles begin to shorten and pull chromosomes apart; two sister chromatids
are now two separate chromosomes
Telophase - Answer 5th Phase of Mitosis
Chromsomes are pulled to opposite ends of cell; cell is prepared to divide
*Cytokinesis is well underway by late part of this phase
Kinetochores - Answer -during prometaphase some spindle microtubules attach to this part
of the chromosome and begin to move the chromosomes
-during anaphase sister chromatids separate and move along these microtubules toward
opposite ends of the cell
- at the ends the microtubules shorten by depolymerization
, Cell Cycle Control & Cancer - Answer Cancer cells don't respond to body's control
mechanisms normally; may make their own growth factor or may convey a growth factors signal
without the presence of the growth factor; also may have an abnormal cell cycle control system
Cell Cycle Control System - Answer Regulated by both internal and external controls.
Has specific checkpoints where cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received.
If there's no go-ahead it will exit cycle and switch into non-dividing G0 Phase
Telomere - Answer chromosome ends
Centromere - Answer narrowing or pinched region of chromosome
(location of this is used to describe specific chromosome structure)
Metacentric - Answer centromere is near center of chromosome
Submetacentric - Answer centromere is between center and end
Acrocentric - Answer centromere is near the telomere
Telocentric - Answer centromere is at telomere
Chromosomal Structure - Answer Can appear as one unreplicated single chromosome or two
duplicated sister chromatids connected at a single centromere
Diploid cell - Answer chromosomes exist as pairs; humans have 23 pairs (22 somatic & 1 sex);
each pair has a chromosome from each parent
Haploid cell - Answer gametes have 1/2 chromosomes (no pairs)
Male gamete - Answer determines gender; are XY; sperm
Female gamete - Answer gender starts as female and then changes based on chromosome
from male; are XX; egg
Diploid & Haploid Cells - Answer Diploid cells divide in meiosis to form four haploid cells
Already Passed Solutions.
Interphase - Answer 1st part of cell division
About 90% of the cell cycle;
G1 Phase: "First gap"
S Phase: "Synthesis"
G2 Phase: "Second gap"
Mitotic Phase (M Phase) - Answer 2nd part of cell division
Mitosis: division of replicated DNA
Cytokinesis: division of cytoplasm
Prophase - Answer 1st Phase of Mitosis
replicated chromosomes thicken and shorten; centrosomes move outward
Prometaphase - Answer 2nd Phase of Mitosis
chromosomes continue to thicken; spindles extend from centrosomes and bind to kinetichore of
centromere
Metaphase - Answer 3rd Phase of Mitosis
chromosomes are pushed to midline of cell by spindles
Anaphase - Answer 4th Phase of Mitosis
centromere splits; spindles begin to shorten and pull chromosomes apart; two sister chromatids
are now two separate chromosomes
Telophase - Answer 5th Phase of Mitosis
Chromsomes are pulled to opposite ends of cell; cell is prepared to divide
*Cytokinesis is well underway by late part of this phase
Kinetochores - Answer -during prometaphase some spindle microtubules attach to this part
of the chromosome and begin to move the chromosomes
-during anaphase sister chromatids separate and move along these microtubules toward
opposite ends of the cell
- at the ends the microtubules shorten by depolymerization
, Cell Cycle Control & Cancer - Answer Cancer cells don't respond to body's control
mechanisms normally; may make their own growth factor or may convey a growth factors signal
without the presence of the growth factor; also may have an abnormal cell cycle control system
Cell Cycle Control System - Answer Regulated by both internal and external controls.
Has specific checkpoints where cycle stops until a go-ahead signal is received.
If there's no go-ahead it will exit cycle and switch into non-dividing G0 Phase
Telomere - Answer chromosome ends
Centromere - Answer narrowing or pinched region of chromosome
(location of this is used to describe specific chromosome structure)
Metacentric - Answer centromere is near center of chromosome
Submetacentric - Answer centromere is between center and end
Acrocentric - Answer centromere is near the telomere
Telocentric - Answer centromere is at telomere
Chromosomal Structure - Answer Can appear as one unreplicated single chromosome or two
duplicated sister chromatids connected at a single centromere
Diploid cell - Answer chromosomes exist as pairs; humans have 23 pairs (22 somatic & 1 sex);
each pair has a chromosome from each parent
Haploid cell - Answer gametes have 1/2 chromosomes (no pairs)
Male gamete - Answer determines gender; are XY; sperm
Female gamete - Answer gender starts as female and then changes based on chromosome
from male; are XX; egg
Diploid & Haploid Cells - Answer Diploid cells divide in meiosis to form four haploid cells
