History of Public Health in the Philippines – Complete Test Bank

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HISTORY #zOF #zPUBLIC #zHEALTH #zIN #zTHE #zPHILIPPINES


Public #zHealth

 Ecological in perspective, multi- sectoral in scope and collaborative in strategy
 It aims to improve the health of community through an organized community
effort

History of Public Health in the Philippines based on socio-political periods

1. Pre-American Occupation (up to 1898)
2. American Military Government (1898-1907)
3. Philippine Assembly (1907-1916)
4. The Jones Law (1916-1936)
5. The Commonwealth(1936-1941)
6. Japanese Occupation (1941-1945)
7. Post World War II (1945-1972)
8. Martial Law Years (1972-1986)
9. Post EDSA Revolution (1986 to present)

I. PRE-AMERICAN OCCUPATION

 Public health works began at the old Franciscan Convent in Intramuros where Fr.
Juan Clemente put up a dispensary in 1577 for treating indigents in Manila. This
eventually became the San Juan de Dios Hospital
 During Spanish time:
1. Creation of Board of Vaccinators to prevent smallpox
2. Creation of Board of Health
3. Construction of Carriedo Waterworks
4. First Medical School in the Philippines – UST
5. School of Midwifery
6. Public Health Laboratory
7. Forensic Medicine
 Hospitals before the Americans came to Philippines:
1. General Hospitals
a. San Juan de Dios Hospital
b. Chinese General Hospital
c. Hospicio de San Jose in Cavite
d. Casa dela Caridad in Cebu
e. Enfermeria de Santa Cruz in Laguna
2. Contagious Hospitals
a. San Lazaro Hospital
b. Hospital de Palestina in Camarines Sur
c. Hospital delos Leprosos in Cebu
d. Hospital de Argencina in Manila for smallpox and cholera
3. Military Hospitals
a. Hospital Militar de Manila
b. Hospital Militar de Zamboanga




Med #zC #zFile: #

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4. Naval #zHospitals
a. Hospital #zdela #zMarie #zin #zCebu
b. Hospital #zde #zBasilan
5. Other #zhospitals/Asylums
a. Hospicio #zde #zSan #zPascual #zBaylon #zin #zManila
b. Asylum #zof #zSt. #zVincent #zde #zPaul #zin #zManila #zfor #zpoor #zgirls
c. Hospital #zof #zSan #zJose #zfor #zorphaned #zchildren #zand #zmentally #zill

II. #zAMERICAN #zMILITARY #zGOVERNMENT

 Control #zof #zepidemics #zsuch #zas #zcholera, #zsmallpox #zand #zplague
 Fight # z against #zcommunicable #zdiseases #zsuch #zas #zleprosy, #zdiarrhea,
#zmalaria, #zberi-beri

 Projects #zand #zactivities:
1. Established #za #zgarbage #zcrematory
2. Approved #zthe #zfirst #zsanitary #zordinance #zand #zrat #zcontrol
3. Amoebic #zdysentery #z– #zcaused #zby #zcontaminated #zwater #zand #zunclean
#zvegetables, #zand #zmalaria #z– #zAnopheles #zminismus #zflavirotris #zwas #zpointed

#zout #zas #zvector

4. Cholera #zvaccine #zwas #zfirst #ztried
5. Confirmed #zthat #zplague #zin #zman #zcomes #zfrom #zinfected #zrat
6. Opened #za #zleper #zcolony #zin #zCulion
7. Founded #zthe #zManila #zMedical #zSociety #zand #zPhilippine #zIsland
#zMedical #zAssociation

8. Opened #zthe #zUP #zCollege #zof #zMedicine
9. Established #zBureau #zof #zScience

III. #zPHILIPPINE #zASSEMBLY

 New #zwaterworks #zin #zManila #zwas #zinaugurated #zto #zcontrol #zcholera
 Nursing #zstudents #zat #zPhilippine #zNormal #zSchool
 Hygiene #zand #zPhysiology #zwere #zincluded #zin #zcurriculum #zof #zpublic #zelementary #zschool
 Anti-TB #zcampaign #zwas #zstarted
 Philippine #zTuberculosis #zSociety #zwas #zorganized
 Pasteur #zprophylaxis #ztreatment #zagainst #zrabies #zwas #zoffered
 Opening #zof #zthe #zPhilippine #zGeneral #zHospital #z(PGH)
 Use #zof #zanti-typhoid #zvaccine #zwas #zinitiated
 Hypochlorite #zof #zlime #zwas #zfirst #zused #zfor #ztreating #zthe #zwater #zsupply #zof #zManila
 Etiology #zof #zAmoebic #zdysentery #zwas #zmade #zclear
 Dry #zvaccine #zagainst #zsmallpox #zwas #zfirst #zused

IV. #zJONES #zLAW #zYEARS

 Retrogression #zrather #zthan #zprogression #zin #zso #zfar #zas #zthe #zhealth #zwas #zconcern
1. Increase #zCDR
2. Increase #zIMR
3. Increase #zMorbidity
 Increased #zdeaths #zfrom #zsmallpox, #zcholera, #ztyphoid, #zmalaria, #zberiberi #zand #zTB
 Re-organization #zhappened #z(re-organized #zthe #zhealth #zservice #zand
#zencouraged #zeffective #zsupervision




Med #zC #zFile:

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1. Study #zthe #zcause #zand #zprevalence #zof #ztyphoid #zfever
2. The # z composition, # z value # z and # z vitamin # z distribution # z of # z many
# z Philippine # z foods #zwere #zstudied

3. Schick #ztest #zwas #zused #zto #zdetermine #zthe #zcases #zof #zdiphtheria
4. Campaign #zagainst #zHookworm #zwas #zlaunched
5. Anti-dysentery #zvaccine #zwas #zfirst #ztried
6. The #zroles #zof #zseafood #zin #ztransmission #zof #zcholera #zand #zthe #zpollution #zof
#zfishing # z sector #zto #ztyphoid #zwere #zstudied

7. First #ztraining #zcourse #zfor #zsanitary #zinspector #zwas #zgiven
8. Women #zand #zchild #zlabor #zlaw #zwas #zpassed
9. The #zmechanism #zof #ztransmission #zof #zdengue #zfever #zthrough #zAedes
#zaegypti #zwas #zstudied

10. Construction #zof #zNovaliches #zdam
11. Establishment #zof #zschool #zof #zHygiene #zand #zPublic #zHealth
12. National #zResearch #zCouncil #zof #zthe #zPhilippines #zwas #zorganized
13. BS #zin #zEducation #zmajor #zin #zHealth #zEducation #zwas #zopened #zin #zUP
14. Philippine #zPublic #zHealth #zAssociation #z(PPHA) #zwas #zorganized

V. #zTHE #zCOMMONWEALTH #zPERIOD

 Process #zof #zgaining #zand #zmaintaining #zaltitude #z(because #zthe #zlater #zyears #zunder
#zJones #zLaw #zwas #zsuccessful)

 The # z epidemiology # z of # z life # z threatening # z diseases #zwas # z studied # z –
# z diphtheria, # z yaws, #zdengue

 Research #zin #zthe #zfield #zof #zhealth #zwas #zpromoted
 UP #zSchool #zof #zPublic #zHealth #zwas #zestablished #zto #ztrain #zpublic #zhealth #zleaders
 Construction #zof #zadditional #zleprosaria #zand #zprovincial #zhospitals
 Construction #zof #zQuezon #zInstitute # z for #zPTB #zpatients
 Research #zand #zcontrol #zof #zTB, #zmalaria, #zleprosy #zand #zyaws
 Development #zof #zMaternal #zand #zChild #zHealth #z(MCH)
 1939, #zcreation #zof #zDepartment #zof #zPublic #zHealth #zand #zWelfare #z– #zDr. #zJose
#zFabella #zas #zthe #zfirst #zsecretary

 1940, #zBureau #zof #zCensus #zand #zStatistics #zwas #zcreated #zto #zgather #zvital #zstatistics
 In #zspite #zof #zdevelopment #z:
1. Inequitable #zdistribution #zof #zhealth #zservices #zremained #za #zproblem
2. 80% #zof #zthose #zwho #zdied #zwere #znever #zgiven #zmedical #zattention

VI. #zJAPANESE #zOCCUPATION

 During #zthis #ztime, #zall #zpublic #zhealth #zactivities #zwere #zpractically

paralyzed #zTHE #zWORLD #zWAR #zII
#z

 After #z5 #zyears #zof #zJapanese # z occupation, #zpublic # z health # z tried #zto
#zpick #zup #zthe #zdebris #zand #zrise #zfrom #zthe #zruins

 Survey: # z increased # z incidence # z of # z TB, # z VD, # z malaria,
# z leprosy # z and #zmalnutrition

 General #zsanitation #zhas #zbeen #zreduced #zto #zlevel #zenough #zto
#zconstitute #za #znational #zhazard

 US # z congress # z passed # z an # z emergency # z measures # z to # z control
# z diseases: #zTB, #zVD, #zmalaria, #zleprosy, #zmalnutrition




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 Immunization #zprogram

VII. #zPOST #zWORLD #zWAR #zII

 THE #zPHILIPPINE #zINDEPENDENCE
1. Completion #zof #za #zresearch #zon #zDichlorodiphenyltrichlorothanel
#z(DDT) #zsaw #zdust #zas #zlarvicide #zand #zDDT #zresidual #zspraying #zof

#zhouses #zin #zthe #zcontrol #zof #zmalaria

2. Construction #zof #zthe #zNational #zChest #zCenter #z– #zfor #zcontrol #zcase
#zregistry #zfor #zTB, #zmass #zimmunization #zwith #zBCG

3. Industrial #zhygiene #zlaboratory
4. Introduction #zof #zone-infection #zmethod #zfor #zgonorrhea #zwith #zpenicillin
5. Creation #zof #zcentral #zHealth #zLaboratory #zin #zthe #zPhilippines
6. Creation #zof #zInstitute #zof #zNutrition #zunder #zBRL, #zthen #zit #zwas
#ztransferred #zto #zNational #zInstitute #zof #zScience #zand #zTechnology #zand

#zwas #zrenamed #zas #zFood #zand #zNutrition #zResearch #zCenter, #zit #zwas

#zagain #zrenamed #zas #zFNRI

 Manila #zwas #zselected #zas #zHeadquarters #zfor #zthe #zWHO #zWestern #zPacific #zOffice
 Strengthening #zHealth #zand #zDental #zservices #zin #zrural #zareas
This #zis #zthru #zRHU #zprogram #z(per #zmunicipalities #zwith #z5,000-10,000
#zpopulation)

1 #zMunicipal #zHealth #zOfficer
#z(MHO) #z1 #zPublic #zHealth #zNurse

#z(PHN)

1 #zMidwife
1 #zSanitary #zInspector
 Re-organization #zof #zDOH #z– #zcreation #zof #zseveral #zoffices
1. Dental #zHealth #zServices
2. Malaria #zEducation #zServices
3. Disease #zIntelligence #zCenter
4. Food #zand #zDrug #zAdministration
5. National #zSchistosomiasis #zControl #zCommission
6. National #zNutrition #zProgram
 Initiation #zof #zprograms #zwith #zmultilateral #zassistance
1. WHO #zand #zUNICEF #zassisted #zTB #zand #zBCG #zprograms
2. TB #zcontrol #zprogram #zas #zbasic #zservice #zof #zRHU
3. TB #zsputum #zcase #zfinding #zby #zmicroscopy
4. Serum #zand #zvaccine #zproduction #zin #zAlabang
5. Expanded #zMCH #zand #zMental #zHealth #zProgram
6. Training #zprograms #zfor #zMidwives
7. Strengthened #zgraduate #zhealth #zprograms #zat #zthe #zUP-CPH
 Development #zof #zFamily #zPlanning #zMovement
 Launching # z of # z programs # z in # z cooperation # z with # z private # z sectors #z–
# z top # z provide #zservices #zto #zperiphery #z(indigents, #zminority #zgroups)




 Rizal #zDevelopment #zProject
1. Restructuring #zof #zthe #zDOH #zRural #zHealth #zCare #zDelivery #zSystem
2. Each #zbarrio #zwas #zprovided #zwith #zmidwife
3. For #zthe #zfirst #ztime, #zdengue #zvirus #zwas #zisolated #zfrom #ztypical #zH #zfever #zcases





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