EXAM 1 QUIZ REVIEW QUESTIONS
GEOL 1500 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
The boundary between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere - ANSWERis the
boundary between rigid mantle and plastic mantle.
The two most common gases of the Earth's atmosphere, and their percentages, are -
ANSWERnitrogen (N2) at 78%, and oxygen (O2) at 21%.
Which of the Earth's layers accounts for most of the volume of the Earth? -
ANSWERmantle
The earliest nebulae to form in the Universe were made almost entirely of -
ANSWERhydrogen and helium.
Which of the following pairs of elements composes most of the Earth's crust? -
ANSWERsilicon and oxygen
Which of the following methods of heat transfer occurs when an increase in
temperature creates a decrease in density, causing the warm, less dense material to
rise, as shown in this diagram? - ANSWERconvection
The Earth is round because - ANSWERits interior rock is warm enough to flow slowly
in response to gravity.
Identify the statement that is true about the Big Bang. - ANSWERIt began with all
matter and energy concentrated in an infinitesimally small point.
The early view of the Earth's interior layers resembled a hard-boiled egg. Identify the
correct labels for this simplified view. - ANSWER1: crust, 2: mantle, 3: core
The heavier elements on the Earth (those with atomic numbers greater than 5) -
ANSWERwere formed by stellar nucleosynthesis during the life cycles of older stars
and supernovae.
Which of the following traps cosmic rays and shields life on the Earth from excessive
radiation? - ANSWERmagnetosphere
Which of the following images best shows how the Moon was formed? - ANSWERD
Humans are part of the - ANSWERbiosphere.
Identify the true statement. - ANSWERThe composition of the giant (Jovian) planets
is mainly gas and "ice."
, Which statement accurately describes the relationship between air pressure and
altitude, as illustrated in this figure? - ANSWERAt the top of Mt. Everest, air pressure
is 30% of what it is at sea level (altitude of zero).
As the map below shows, the oldest seafloor is generally less than 200 million years
old. Why? - ANSWERAll oceanic lithosphere eventually gets subducted beneath the
continents by the time it is 200 million years old.
According to current plate tectonics theory, - ANSWERplates are composed of the
crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
Wegener's theory of continental drift took decades to be accepted -
ANSWERbecause Wegener couldn't explain how continents moved.
Which of the following statements about lithosphere and asthenosphere is true? -
ANSWERLithosphere consists of the crust and the upper mantle and behaves like a
rigid layer that breaks or bends rather than flowing like the asthenosphere.
During World War II, the military imaged the seafloor by sending pulses of sound
waves down through the water and measuring the time it took for the sound to
bounce off the seafloor and return to the receiver. This method is called -
ANSWERsonar.
The chain of the Hawaiian Islands extends northwest across the Pacific as shown in
the figure. - ANSWERa hot spot currently sitting under Hawaii and the Pacific Plate
moving across it in a northwesterly direction.
The center of a mid-ocean ridge is where - ANSWERnew oceanic lithosphere is
created.
Plate movement is influenced by each of the following EXCEPT - ANSWERmantle
plumes, which are created when hot rock rises up from the deep mantle and creates
melting at the base of the lithosphere.
Identify the location for which Harry Hess suggested that earthquakes occurring
there were evidence of subduction and tectonic plate movement. -
ANSWERLocation D
Accretionary prisms form due to what process? - ANSWERsubduction
Modern plate tectonic theory was developed in what decade? - ANSWER1960s
A mineral, as geologists understand the term, is a naturally occurring solid substance
with a definable chemical composition and - ANSWERa fixed crystalline structure.
If you smashed a piece of halite (table salt) with a hammer and broke it into smaller
pieces, the broken crystals would look like cubes, as seen in the image. This is
because halite has - ANSWERthree planes of cleavage that intersect at 90°.
GEOL 1500 WITH CORRECT
ANSWERS!!
The boundary between the lithosphere and the asthenosphere - ANSWERis the
boundary between rigid mantle and plastic mantle.
The two most common gases of the Earth's atmosphere, and their percentages, are -
ANSWERnitrogen (N2) at 78%, and oxygen (O2) at 21%.
Which of the Earth's layers accounts for most of the volume of the Earth? -
ANSWERmantle
The earliest nebulae to form in the Universe were made almost entirely of -
ANSWERhydrogen and helium.
Which of the following pairs of elements composes most of the Earth's crust? -
ANSWERsilicon and oxygen
Which of the following methods of heat transfer occurs when an increase in
temperature creates a decrease in density, causing the warm, less dense material to
rise, as shown in this diagram? - ANSWERconvection
The Earth is round because - ANSWERits interior rock is warm enough to flow slowly
in response to gravity.
Identify the statement that is true about the Big Bang. - ANSWERIt began with all
matter and energy concentrated in an infinitesimally small point.
The early view of the Earth's interior layers resembled a hard-boiled egg. Identify the
correct labels for this simplified view. - ANSWER1: crust, 2: mantle, 3: core
The heavier elements on the Earth (those with atomic numbers greater than 5) -
ANSWERwere formed by stellar nucleosynthesis during the life cycles of older stars
and supernovae.
Which of the following traps cosmic rays and shields life on the Earth from excessive
radiation? - ANSWERmagnetosphere
Which of the following images best shows how the Moon was formed? - ANSWERD
Humans are part of the - ANSWERbiosphere.
Identify the true statement. - ANSWERThe composition of the giant (Jovian) planets
is mainly gas and "ice."
, Which statement accurately describes the relationship between air pressure and
altitude, as illustrated in this figure? - ANSWERAt the top of Mt. Everest, air pressure
is 30% of what it is at sea level (altitude of zero).
As the map below shows, the oldest seafloor is generally less than 200 million years
old. Why? - ANSWERAll oceanic lithosphere eventually gets subducted beneath the
continents by the time it is 200 million years old.
According to current plate tectonics theory, - ANSWERplates are composed of the
crust and the uppermost part of the mantle.
Wegener's theory of continental drift took decades to be accepted -
ANSWERbecause Wegener couldn't explain how continents moved.
Which of the following statements about lithosphere and asthenosphere is true? -
ANSWERLithosphere consists of the crust and the upper mantle and behaves like a
rigid layer that breaks or bends rather than flowing like the asthenosphere.
During World War II, the military imaged the seafloor by sending pulses of sound
waves down through the water and measuring the time it took for the sound to
bounce off the seafloor and return to the receiver. This method is called -
ANSWERsonar.
The chain of the Hawaiian Islands extends northwest across the Pacific as shown in
the figure. - ANSWERa hot spot currently sitting under Hawaii and the Pacific Plate
moving across it in a northwesterly direction.
The center of a mid-ocean ridge is where - ANSWERnew oceanic lithosphere is
created.
Plate movement is influenced by each of the following EXCEPT - ANSWERmantle
plumes, which are created when hot rock rises up from the deep mantle and creates
melting at the base of the lithosphere.
Identify the location for which Harry Hess suggested that earthquakes occurring
there were evidence of subduction and tectonic plate movement. -
ANSWERLocation D
Accretionary prisms form due to what process? - ANSWERsubduction
Modern plate tectonic theory was developed in what decade? - ANSWER1960s
A mineral, as geologists understand the term, is a naturally occurring solid substance
with a definable chemical composition and - ANSWERa fixed crystalline structure.
If you smashed a piece of halite (table salt) with a hammer and broke it into smaller
pieces, the broken crystals would look like cubes, as seen in the image. This is
because halite has - ANSWERthree planes of cleavage that intersect at 90°.
