HESI - Medical Surgical Nursing test 2026 Questions
And Answers correctly Arranged With Rationale
Answers And Graded A+
When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator
would explain that informal teaching is an approach that
a. follows formalized plans
b. has standardized content
c. often occurs one-to-one
d. addresses group needs - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C.
Rationale: Informal teaching is individualized one on one teaching
which represents the majority of patient education done by nurses that
occurs when an intervention is explained or a question is answered.
Group needs are often the focus of formal patient education courses or
classes. Informal teaching does not necessarily follow a specific
formalized plan. It may be planned with specific content, but it is
,individualized responses to patient needs. Formal teaching involves the
use of a curriculum/course plan with standardized content.
A patient expresses a strong interest in returning to their work, family,
and hobbies after having a stroke. Which theory type would the nurse
use to develop a plan of care for the best results of this patient's
motivation style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
d. sociologic - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C.
Rationale: Cognitive theorists believe that attention, relevance,
confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) are the conditions that, when
integrated, motivate someone to learn. Field theorists place
significance on how achievement, power, the need for affiliation, and
avoidance motives influence individual behavior. Sociologic theories are
not involved in motivation.
The nurse is assessing a group of clients. Which clients are at greater
risk for hypothermia or frostbite? (select all that apply)
a. an older woman with hypertension
b. a young man with a body mass index of 42
c. a young many who has just consumed six martinis
,d. an older man who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day
e. a young woman who is anorexic
f. a young woman who is diabetic - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C, D, E, F
Rationale:clients with poor nutrition, fatigue, and multiple chronic
illnesses are at greater risk for hypothermia. Clients who smoke,
consume alcohol, or have impaired peripheral circulation have a higher
incidence of frostbite.
Which statement made by a nurse represents the need for further
education regarding pain management in older adult clients?
a. older adults tend to report pain less often than younger adults
b. older clients usually have more experience with pain than younger
clients
c. older adults are at greatest risk for under treated pain
d. older clients have a different pain mechanism and do not feel it as
much - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-D
Rationale:There is no evidence to support the idea that older adult
clients perceive pain any differently than younger clients. The other
statements are accurate regarding older clients and pain.
, The nurse is working at a first aid booth for a spring training game on a
hot day. A spectator comes in, reporting that he is not feeling well. Vital
signs are temp 104.1 F, pulse 132 BPM, respirs 26 breaths/min, and
blood pressure 106/66 mm Hg. He trips over his feet as the nurse leads
him to a cot. What is the priory action of the nurse?
a. admin tylenol 650 mg orally
b. encourage rest, and reassess in 15 minutes
c. sponge the victim with cool water and remove his shirt
d. encourage drinking of cool water or sports drink - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C
Rationale:The spectator shows signs of heat stroke, which is a medical
emergency. The spectator should be transported to the ED ASAP. The
nurs should take actions to lower his body temp in teh meantime by
removing his shirt and sponging his body with cool water. Lowering
body temp by drinking cool fluids or taking acetaminophen is not as
effective in an emergency situation. The client needs to be cooled
quickly and is a priority for treatment
The client is receiving an IV of 60 mEq of potassium chloride ina 1000
mL solution of dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline. The client states that the
area around the IV site burns. What intervention does the nurse
perform first?
a. assess for a blood return
b. notify the physician
And Answers correctly Arranged With Rationale
Answers And Graded A+
When describing patient education approaches, the nurse educator
would explain that informal teaching is an approach that
a. follows formalized plans
b. has standardized content
c. often occurs one-to-one
d. addresses group needs - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C.
Rationale: Informal teaching is individualized one on one teaching
which represents the majority of patient education done by nurses that
occurs when an intervention is explained or a question is answered.
Group needs are often the focus of formal patient education courses or
classes. Informal teaching does not necessarily follow a specific
formalized plan. It may be planned with specific content, but it is
,individualized responses to patient needs. Formal teaching involves the
use of a curriculum/course plan with standardized content.
A patient expresses a strong interest in returning to their work, family,
and hobbies after having a stroke. Which theory type would the nurse
use to develop a plan of care for the best results of this patient's
motivation style?
a. field
b. biological
c. cognitive
d. sociologic - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C.
Rationale: Cognitive theorists believe that attention, relevance,
confidence, and satisfaction (ARCS) are the conditions that, when
integrated, motivate someone to learn. Field theorists place
significance on how achievement, power, the need for affiliation, and
avoidance motives influence individual behavior. Sociologic theories are
not involved in motivation.
The nurse is assessing a group of clients. Which clients are at greater
risk for hypothermia or frostbite? (select all that apply)
a. an older woman with hypertension
b. a young man with a body mass index of 42
c. a young many who has just consumed six martinis
,d. an older man who smokes a pack of cigarettes a day
e. a young woman who is anorexic
f. a young woman who is diabetic - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C, D, E, F
Rationale:clients with poor nutrition, fatigue, and multiple chronic
illnesses are at greater risk for hypothermia. Clients who smoke,
consume alcohol, or have impaired peripheral circulation have a higher
incidence of frostbite.
Which statement made by a nurse represents the need for further
education regarding pain management in older adult clients?
a. older adults tend to report pain less often than younger adults
b. older clients usually have more experience with pain than younger
clients
c. older adults are at greatest risk for under treated pain
d. older clients have a different pain mechanism and do not feel it as
much - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-D
Rationale:There is no evidence to support the idea that older adult
clients perceive pain any differently than younger clients. The other
statements are accurate regarding older clients and pain.
, The nurse is working at a first aid booth for a spring training game on a
hot day. A spectator comes in, reporting that he is not feeling well. Vital
signs are temp 104.1 F, pulse 132 BPM, respirs 26 breaths/min, and
blood pressure 106/66 mm Hg. He trips over his feet as the nurse leads
him to a cot. What is the priory action of the nurse?
a. admin tylenol 650 mg orally
b. encourage rest, and reassess in 15 minutes
c. sponge the victim with cool water and remove his shirt
d. encourage drinking of cool water or sports drink - ✔✔ANSWER ✔✔-C
Rationale:The spectator shows signs of heat stroke, which is a medical
emergency. The spectator should be transported to the ED ASAP. The
nurs should take actions to lower his body temp in teh meantime by
removing his shirt and sponging his body with cool water. Lowering
body temp by drinking cool fluids or taking acetaminophen is not as
effective in an emergency situation. The client needs to be cooled
quickly and is a priority for treatment
The client is receiving an IV of 60 mEq of potassium chloride ina 1000
mL solution of dextrose 5% in 0.45% saline. The client states that the
area around the IV site burns. What intervention does the nurse
perform first?
a. assess for a blood return
b. notify the physician
