BIO 1050 FINAL EXAM ECU- HARRIS | LATEST STUDY |
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATES | 100%
CORRECT
Atoms - ANSWER- Basic unit of matter
Structure of Atoms - ANSWER- consist of a nucleus and electrons.
Describe the type of chemical bonds that can form between atoms - ANSWER- covalent,
ionic, and metallic bonds.
Science - ANSWER- An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the
natural world.
Biology - ANSWER- the scientific study of life
scientific thinking - ANSWER- The cognitive skills required to generate, test, and revise
theories
Key aspects of well designed experiments - ANSWER- Ensure your experiment is unbiased.
Make sure your experiment is adequately powered.
Consider the range of applicability of your experiment.
Simplify your experiment.
Indicate the uncertainty in your results.
References and further reading.
How can scientific thinking be used to help make wise decisions - ANSWER- Ask yourself,
"What evidence supports this choice?" or "How can I test the validity of this decision?"
Identify the major macromolecules that make up living organisms - ANSWER-
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Explain the importance of the function of each of the four major macromolecules - ANSWER-
Nucleic acids: Stores and transfers info. Carbohydrates; Store energy, provide fuel, and
build structure in body, main source of energy, structure of plant cell wall. Lipid: Insulator and
, stores fat and energy. Protein: Provide structural support,transport, enzymes, movement,
defense.
describe the different categories of carbohydrates and their uses - ANSWER-
Carbohydrates — fiber, starches and sugars — are essential food nutrients that your body
turns into glucose to give you the energy to function.
compare and contrast different categories of lipids and their structures - ANSWER- fatty
acids, glycerolipids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Fatty acids are the simplest type of lipids.
They consist of long chains of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached to them. They are
divided into two groups: saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Understand the importance of shape in the functioning of a protein - ANSWER- Collagen
in our cartilage and tendons, for instance, has a three-stranded, rope-like structure that makes it
strong. Enzymes—proteins that facilitate chemical reactions—typically have a pocket that holds
the molecule they act upon.
Compare and contrast DNA and RNA - ANSWER- DNA is a long polymer with deoxyriboses
and phosphate backbone. Having four different nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine
and thymine. RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone. Four different
nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
Recall the definition of a cell and describe the two general types of cells - ANSWER-
prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Though the structures of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells differ (see prokaryote, eukaryote), their molecular compositions and activities
are very similar.
Describe the structure and functions of the cell membrane. - ANSWER- Structure: it
separates the cell from the environment
functions: allows nutrients to be absorbed & wastes to be removed
Describe how cells are connected and how they communicate with each other - ANSWER-
Cells communicate by sending and receiving signals. Signals may come from the
environment, or they may come from other cells. In order to trigger a response, these signals
must be transmitted across the cell membrane.
Describe nine important landmarks in eukaryotic cells - ANSWER- Eukaryotic cells contain
a plasma membrane, internal protein structures such as cilia, flagella, ribosomes, and
membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi bodies, chloroplast,
lysosome, peroxisomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS | 2026 UPDATES | 100%
CORRECT
Atoms - ANSWER- Basic unit of matter
Structure of Atoms - ANSWER- consist of a nucleus and electrons.
Describe the type of chemical bonds that can form between atoms - ANSWER- covalent,
ionic, and metallic bonds.
Science - ANSWER- An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence about the
natural world.
Biology - ANSWER- the scientific study of life
scientific thinking - ANSWER- The cognitive skills required to generate, test, and revise
theories
Key aspects of well designed experiments - ANSWER- Ensure your experiment is unbiased.
Make sure your experiment is adequately powered.
Consider the range of applicability of your experiment.
Simplify your experiment.
Indicate the uncertainty in your results.
References and further reading.
How can scientific thinking be used to help make wise decisions - ANSWER- Ask yourself,
"What evidence supports this choice?" or "How can I test the validity of this decision?"
Identify the major macromolecules that make up living organisms - ANSWER-
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Explain the importance of the function of each of the four major macromolecules - ANSWER-
Nucleic acids: Stores and transfers info. Carbohydrates; Store energy, provide fuel, and
build structure in body, main source of energy, structure of plant cell wall. Lipid: Insulator and
, stores fat and energy. Protein: Provide structural support,transport, enzymes, movement,
defense.
describe the different categories of carbohydrates and their uses - ANSWER-
Carbohydrates — fiber, starches and sugars — are essential food nutrients that your body
turns into glucose to give you the energy to function.
compare and contrast different categories of lipids and their structures - ANSWER- fatty
acids, glycerolipids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Fatty acids are the simplest type of lipids.
They consist of long chains of carbon atoms with hydrogen atoms attached to them. They are
divided into two groups: saturated and unsaturated fatty acids.
Understand the importance of shape in the functioning of a protein - ANSWER- Collagen
in our cartilage and tendons, for instance, has a three-stranded, rope-like structure that makes it
strong. Enzymes—proteins that facilitate chemical reactions—typically have a pocket that holds
the molecule they act upon.
Compare and contrast DNA and RNA - ANSWER- DNA is a long polymer with deoxyriboses
and phosphate backbone. Having four different nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine
and thymine. RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate backbone. Four different
nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
Recall the definition of a cell and describe the two general types of cells - ANSWER-
prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Though the structures of prokaryotic and
eukaryotic cells differ (see prokaryote, eukaryote), their molecular compositions and activities
are very similar.
Describe the structure and functions of the cell membrane. - ANSWER- Structure: it
separates the cell from the environment
functions: allows nutrients to be absorbed & wastes to be removed
Describe how cells are connected and how they communicate with each other - ANSWER-
Cells communicate by sending and receiving signals. Signals may come from the
environment, or they may come from other cells. In order to trigger a response, these signals
must be transmitted across the cell membrane.
Describe nine important landmarks in eukaryotic cells - ANSWER- Eukaryotic cells contain
a plasma membrane, internal protein structures such as cilia, flagella, ribosomes, and
membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi bodies, chloroplast,
lysosome, peroxisomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
