BIOL 1050 EXAM 4 QUESTIONS WITH
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What are the four core concepts of biology that we have used to frame our studies
together? - Correct Answers -structure and function
information flow
transformation of matter and energy
systems
What is the difference between a reductionist and holistic/systems approach? - Correct
Answers -reductionist: Reductionism is the idea that a complex system is nothing but
the sum of its parts,
and that an account of it can be reduced to
accounts of individual parts.(Ex: parts of a car)
holistic: Holism is the idea that the properties of a
given system cannot be determined or
explained by its component parts alone.
Instead, the system as a whole determines
in an important way how the parts behave. (Ex: the whole car)
How does the body maintain homeostasis? What is a homeostatic set point? - Correct
Answers -The body maintains homeostasis through the cooperation of multiple organ
systems.
Homeostatic point is the set value of a physiological variable.
Which organs are involved in water, glucose, and gas balance? - Correct Answers -
water: brain
glucose: pancreas
gas: brain stem, aorta, carotid arteries
How is water regulated in your body? - Correct Answers -Through osmosis.
What is osmosis and what does it have to do with water balance? - Correct Answers -
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high to low concentration.
, It balances the water concentration throughout the body.
Where does the water in your body come from? - Correct Answers -liquids, food,
cellular respiration
How does your body eliminate water? - Correct Answers -urine, evaporation, feces
Which organ systems are involved in water balance and what is their role? - Correct
Answers -Organs systems involved in the water balance:
1. brain - sensor
2. osmolarity - variable
3. ADH - signal
4. kidney - effector
What happened to Cynthia Lucero? - Correct Answers -
Is Gatorade hypotonic or hypertonic to the blood of a normal person? - Correct Answers
-Hypotonic
How does cholera affect water homeostasis? - Correct Answers -Body consumes a
cholera bacteria. The cholera bacteria produces a protein-cholera toxin. The toxin
causes chloride ion channels to stay open allowing chloride ions to flow out from the
cells and into the intestinal tract. Sodium ions then flow out to balance the charge
making it hypertonic to the intestinal cells. Water then flows out of the cells to balance
the concentration. Resulting in dehydration and diarrhea.
What is the relationship between obesity and diabetes? What is your evidence? -
Correct Answers -People who are obese have added pressure on their body's ability to
use insulin to properly control blood sugar levels, and are therefore more likely to
develop diabetes.
How are the levels of O2 and CO2 regulated? - Correct Answers -diffusion
What triggers your body to breathe? - Correct Answers -the ph of our blood
What would happen if your dog drank large amounts of sea water? Explain why those
things would happen? - Correct Answers -When the dog drank lots of sea water, this
caused the intestinal tract to be hypertonic. Therefore, the water flows out from the cells
to balance the concentration. Resulting in diarrhea.
What happens at a molecular and physiological level when the level of solutes in blood
and extracellular fluid is lower (or higher) than those in the cells of the
body? - Correct Answers -The body will go through diffusion because the body always
wants to maintain homeostasis.
COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
What are the four core concepts of biology that we have used to frame our studies
together? - Correct Answers -structure and function
information flow
transformation of matter and energy
systems
What is the difference between a reductionist and holistic/systems approach? - Correct
Answers -reductionist: Reductionism is the idea that a complex system is nothing but
the sum of its parts,
and that an account of it can be reduced to
accounts of individual parts.(Ex: parts of a car)
holistic: Holism is the idea that the properties of a
given system cannot be determined or
explained by its component parts alone.
Instead, the system as a whole determines
in an important way how the parts behave. (Ex: the whole car)
How does the body maintain homeostasis? What is a homeostatic set point? - Correct
Answers -The body maintains homeostasis through the cooperation of multiple organ
systems.
Homeostatic point is the set value of a physiological variable.
Which organs are involved in water, glucose, and gas balance? - Correct Answers -
water: brain
glucose: pancreas
gas: brain stem, aorta, carotid arteries
How is water regulated in your body? - Correct Answers -Through osmosis.
What is osmosis and what does it have to do with water balance? - Correct Answers -
Osmosis is the movement of water molecules from a high to low concentration.
, It balances the water concentration throughout the body.
Where does the water in your body come from? - Correct Answers -liquids, food,
cellular respiration
How does your body eliminate water? - Correct Answers -urine, evaporation, feces
Which organ systems are involved in water balance and what is their role? - Correct
Answers -Organs systems involved in the water balance:
1. brain - sensor
2. osmolarity - variable
3. ADH - signal
4. kidney - effector
What happened to Cynthia Lucero? - Correct Answers -
Is Gatorade hypotonic or hypertonic to the blood of a normal person? - Correct Answers
-Hypotonic
How does cholera affect water homeostasis? - Correct Answers -Body consumes a
cholera bacteria. The cholera bacteria produces a protein-cholera toxin. The toxin
causes chloride ion channels to stay open allowing chloride ions to flow out from the
cells and into the intestinal tract. Sodium ions then flow out to balance the charge
making it hypertonic to the intestinal cells. Water then flows out of the cells to balance
the concentration. Resulting in dehydration and diarrhea.
What is the relationship between obesity and diabetes? What is your evidence? -
Correct Answers -People who are obese have added pressure on their body's ability to
use insulin to properly control blood sugar levels, and are therefore more likely to
develop diabetes.
How are the levels of O2 and CO2 regulated? - Correct Answers -diffusion
What triggers your body to breathe? - Correct Answers -the ph of our blood
What would happen if your dog drank large amounts of sea water? Explain why those
things would happen? - Correct Answers -When the dog drank lots of sea water, this
caused the intestinal tract to be hypertonic. Therefore, the water flows out from the cells
to balance the concentration. Resulting in diarrhea.
What happens at a molecular and physiological level when the level of solutes in blood
and extracellular fluid is lower (or higher) than those in the cells of the
body? - Correct Answers -The body will go through diffusion because the body always
wants to maintain homeostasis.
