BIO 1050 FINAL EXAM STUDY GUIDE
If a thylakoid were punctured so that its interior was no longer separated from the
stroma, which process would be most directly affected?
A) the splitting of water
B) the synthesis of ATP
C) the oxidation of NADPH
D) the absorption of energy by chlorophyll - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -the
synthesis of ATP
In photosynthesis, gaseous molecular oxygen (O2) is released. This comes from a
compound that goes into photosynthesis. Which compound is it?
A) gaseous molecular oxygen (O2)
B) ATP
C) water (H2O)
D) carbon dioxide (CO2) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -water (H2O)
Photons excite electrons in chlorophyll. The primary electron acceptor then traps these
electrons. How does the photosystem replace the trapped electrons?
A) The photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from
water.
B) The photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from
carbon dioxide.
C) The photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from
oxygen.
D) These electrons are not replaced. Hundreds of millions of free electrons are available
in the photosystem at any particular time. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -The
photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from water.
The pH scale is a direct measure of the concentration of
A) hydrogen ions in a solution
B) hydroxide ions in a solution.
C) hydrogen atoms in a solution.
D) buffers in a solution. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -hydrogen ions in a solution
,Thinking scientifically relies on:
A) objective observation and experimentation.
B) earning lists of facts.
C) accepting statements of others as true.
D) applying your preconceptions. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -objective
observation and experimentation.
In the laboratory, you see a fuzzy growth on some of the gels in your incubator. What is
the name given to this step of the scientific method?
A) Hypothesis
B) Observation
C) Experimentation
D) Theory - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Observation
If your hypothesis is "Hair that is shaved grows back coarser and darker," what is your
null hypothesis?
A) There is no difference in the coarseness or color of hair that is shaved relative to hair
that is not shaved.
B) There is no difference in the color of hair that is shaved relative to hair that is not
shaved.
C) There is no difference in the coarseness of hair that is shaved relative to hair that is
not shaved.
D) Hair that is taken off with a cream depilatory grows back coarser and darker. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -There is no difference in the coarseness or color of hair
that is shaved relative to hair that is not shaved.
Which statement is the most reasonable testable prediction for the hypothesis: "All birds
can fly"?
A) In a double-blind study, take a random sampling of 100 animals to see if they all can
fly.
B) Locate places in the world where flight would be advantageous and count the
number of birds that live there.
C) Examine the list of all known species of birds and determine if any species cannot
fly.
D) Take a random sampling of five birds from around the world to verify that they can all
fly. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Examine the list of all known species of birds and
determine if any species cannot fly.
The purpose of the experimentation phase of the scientific method is to:
A) gather preliminary data from which a hypothesis can be made.
B) gather evidence to formulate a theory.
, C) make predictive, testable statements about observations.
D) gather evidence to support or reject a hypothesis. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -
gather evidence to support or reject a hypothesis.
If you conduct an experiment that rejects your hypothesis, then:
A) the null hypothesis was a better fit to your data.
B) your experiment was poorly designed.
C) your experiment was a failure.
D) you should publish your results anyway. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -the null
hypothesis was a better fit to your data.
A relationship that has been established based on a large amount of observational and
experimental data is a(n):
A) fact
B) theory
C) assumption
D) hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -theory
Which of the following qualifies as a randomized, double-blind, controlled experimental
study?
A) A total of 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real
sugar, 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with artificial
sweetener, and 50 men and women of various ages are not given a candy bar. The
people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. No one (the scientist, the observer,
and the subjects) knows what type of candy bar was eaten, if any.
B) A total of 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real
sugar, 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with artificial
sweetener, and 50 men and women of various ages are not given a candy bar. The
people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. The scientist knows what people did
or did not eat, but the subjects do not know this information.
C) A total of 50 men (who are 35 years o - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -A total of 50
men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real sugar. The
people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. The scientist knows which candy bar
type the people ate, but the subjects do not know this information.
What type of evidence most increases our confidence in experimental results?
A) A scientist only runs her experiments twice.
B) A scientist runs her experiments 10 times, all with the same result.
C) Three different scientists do three different studies, all with the same result.
D) A scientist observes that two variables appear to be linked. - CORRECT ANSWERS
✅✅ -Three different scientists do three different studies, all with the same result.
If a thylakoid were punctured so that its interior was no longer separated from the
stroma, which process would be most directly affected?
A) the splitting of water
B) the synthesis of ATP
C) the oxidation of NADPH
D) the absorption of energy by chlorophyll - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -the
synthesis of ATP
In photosynthesis, gaseous molecular oxygen (O2) is released. This comes from a
compound that goes into photosynthesis. Which compound is it?
A) gaseous molecular oxygen (O2)
B) ATP
C) water (H2O)
D) carbon dioxide (CO2) - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -water (H2O)
Photons excite electrons in chlorophyll. The primary electron acceptor then traps these
electrons. How does the photosystem replace the trapped electrons?
A) The photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from
water.
B) The photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from
carbon dioxide.
C) The photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from
oxygen.
D) These electrons are not replaced. Hundreds of millions of free electrons are available
in the photosystem at any particular time. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -The
photosystem replaces its light-excited electrons by extracting electrons from water.
The pH scale is a direct measure of the concentration of
A) hydrogen ions in a solution
B) hydroxide ions in a solution.
C) hydrogen atoms in a solution.
D) buffers in a solution. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -hydrogen ions in a solution
,Thinking scientifically relies on:
A) objective observation and experimentation.
B) earning lists of facts.
C) accepting statements of others as true.
D) applying your preconceptions. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -objective
observation and experimentation.
In the laboratory, you see a fuzzy growth on some of the gels in your incubator. What is
the name given to this step of the scientific method?
A) Hypothesis
B) Observation
C) Experimentation
D) Theory - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Observation
If your hypothesis is "Hair that is shaved grows back coarser and darker," what is your
null hypothesis?
A) There is no difference in the coarseness or color of hair that is shaved relative to hair
that is not shaved.
B) There is no difference in the color of hair that is shaved relative to hair that is not
shaved.
C) There is no difference in the coarseness of hair that is shaved relative to hair that is
not shaved.
D) Hair that is taken off with a cream depilatory grows back coarser and darker. -
CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -There is no difference in the coarseness or color of hair
that is shaved relative to hair that is not shaved.
Which statement is the most reasonable testable prediction for the hypothesis: "All birds
can fly"?
A) In a double-blind study, take a random sampling of 100 animals to see if they all can
fly.
B) Locate places in the world where flight would be advantageous and count the
number of birds that live there.
C) Examine the list of all known species of birds and determine if any species cannot
fly.
D) Take a random sampling of five birds from around the world to verify that they can all
fly. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -Examine the list of all known species of birds and
determine if any species cannot fly.
The purpose of the experimentation phase of the scientific method is to:
A) gather preliminary data from which a hypothesis can be made.
B) gather evidence to formulate a theory.
, C) make predictive, testable statements about observations.
D) gather evidence to support or reject a hypothesis. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -
gather evidence to support or reject a hypothesis.
If you conduct an experiment that rejects your hypothesis, then:
A) the null hypothesis was a better fit to your data.
B) your experiment was poorly designed.
C) your experiment was a failure.
D) you should publish your results anyway. - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -the null
hypothesis was a better fit to your data.
A relationship that has been established based on a large amount of observational and
experimental data is a(n):
A) fact
B) theory
C) assumption
D) hypothesis - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -theory
Which of the following qualifies as a randomized, double-blind, controlled experimental
study?
A) A total of 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real
sugar, 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with artificial
sweetener, and 50 men and women of various ages are not given a candy bar. The
people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. No one (the scientist, the observer,
and the subjects) knows what type of candy bar was eaten, if any.
B) A total of 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real
sugar, 50 men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with artificial
sweetener, and 50 men and women of various ages are not given a candy bar. The
people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. The scientist knows what people did
or did not eat, but the subjects do not know this information.
C) A total of 50 men (who are 35 years o - CORRECT ANSWERS ✅✅ -A total of 50
men and women of various ages are each given a candy bar with real sugar. The
people are then observed for signs of sleepiness. The scientist knows which candy bar
type the people ate, but the subjects do not know this information.
What type of evidence most increases our confidence in experimental results?
A) A scientist only runs her experiments twice.
B) A scientist runs her experiments 10 times, all with the same result.
C) Three different scientists do three different studies, all with the same result.
D) A scientist observes that two variables appear to be linked. - CORRECT ANSWERS
✅✅ -Three different scientists do three different studies, all with the same result.
