UNMC Patho Exam 2 Questions and Answers
(100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Oxygenation [ Ans: ] The body's ability to deliver oxygen
to all cells via the processes of ventilation, diffusion, and
perfusion
Diffusion [ Ans: ] movement of oxygen across alveolar
walls into pulmonary capillaries
Ventilation [ Ans: ] movement of atmospheric air into the
alveoli
Perfusion [ Ans: ] movement of oxygen to and into the
cells
How does air come into the lungs? [ Ans: ] Create more
negative pressure in the pleural space (cavity) so it is less
than atmospheric pressure.
Pleural space is ____ [ Ans: ] A potential space between
chest wall and lungs
Pulmonary interstitial space [ Ans: ] A potential space
between capillary membrane and alveolar membrane
If the potential space gets bigger, this means?? [ Ans: ]
Something bad (traumatic) has happened or something is
not right
,Pulmonary capillaries of alveolar capillary membranes [
Ans: ] Form a network around each alveolus so dense that
an almost continuous sheet of blood covers the alveoli
Describe blood flow through pulmonary capillaries [ Ans: ]
Interior diameter of each capillary is just large enough to
allow red blood cells to squeeze by in single file so their
cell membranes touch the capillary walls. Thus, Co2 and
O2 need not pass through plasma when diffusing in and
out of alveoli. Each RBC stays in the pulmonary - capillary
bed about 1 second and exchange gases with 2-3 alveoli
during this time.
Surfactant [ Ans: ] Lowers the surface tension of alveolar
walls, increases lung compliance (elasticity), and eases the
work of breathing. Must be replenished continuously.
Normal ventilation stimulates its replacement.
Hypoventilation leads to alveolar collapse.
Premature babies usually do not have enough ___ [ Ans: ]
surfactant
Alveoli and pulmonary capillary walls are how thick [ Ans:
] one cell thick
Dead space unit [ Ans: ] Normal ventilation but no
perfusion (decreased perfusion). Can get air into your
alveoli but there is a blocked exchange of getting to cells.
Ex: Emphysema, blood clot in pulmonary artery like
pulmonary emboli
, Shunt unit [ Ans: ] Normal blood flow but something is
blocking ventilation into the lungs like fluid, tumor,
infection
Silent unit [ Ans: ] Neither ventilation or perfusion,
usually a combination of a certain disorder
How many oxygen molecules can one blood cell carry? [
Ans: ] 1200 O2 molecules
Steps required to transfer O2 from environment to cells [
Ans: ] 1. Ventilation of lungs brings oxygen to alveolar
capillary membrane
2. Transport of oxygen from alveoli into plasma and RBC's
onto hemoglobin molecule (moves across alveolar wall in
the pulmonary interstitial space)
3. Reversible chemical combination of O2 and CO2 with
Hgb. O2 combine with Hgb to other parts of the body
4. Circulation of blood from the pulmonary venous
capillaries to systemic capillaries
5. Diffusion of O2 from capillary blood into interstitial
fluid
6. Diffusion into cells
7. Diffusion of O2 into mitochondria where (in
combination with glucose) it helps to synthesize ATP
(100% Correct Answers) Already Graded A+
Oxygenation [ Ans: ] The body's ability to deliver oxygen
to all cells via the processes of ventilation, diffusion, and
perfusion
Diffusion [ Ans: ] movement of oxygen across alveolar
walls into pulmonary capillaries
Ventilation [ Ans: ] movement of atmospheric air into the
alveoli
Perfusion [ Ans: ] movement of oxygen to and into the
cells
How does air come into the lungs? [ Ans: ] Create more
negative pressure in the pleural space (cavity) so it is less
than atmospheric pressure.
Pleural space is ____ [ Ans: ] A potential space between
chest wall and lungs
Pulmonary interstitial space [ Ans: ] A potential space
between capillary membrane and alveolar membrane
If the potential space gets bigger, this means?? [ Ans: ]
Something bad (traumatic) has happened or something is
not right
,Pulmonary capillaries of alveolar capillary membranes [
Ans: ] Form a network around each alveolus so dense that
an almost continuous sheet of blood covers the alveoli
Describe blood flow through pulmonary capillaries [ Ans: ]
Interior diameter of each capillary is just large enough to
allow red blood cells to squeeze by in single file so their
cell membranes touch the capillary walls. Thus, Co2 and
O2 need not pass through plasma when diffusing in and
out of alveoli. Each RBC stays in the pulmonary - capillary
bed about 1 second and exchange gases with 2-3 alveoli
during this time.
Surfactant [ Ans: ] Lowers the surface tension of alveolar
walls, increases lung compliance (elasticity), and eases the
work of breathing. Must be replenished continuously.
Normal ventilation stimulates its replacement.
Hypoventilation leads to alveolar collapse.
Premature babies usually do not have enough ___ [ Ans: ]
surfactant
Alveoli and pulmonary capillary walls are how thick [ Ans:
] one cell thick
Dead space unit [ Ans: ] Normal ventilation but no
perfusion (decreased perfusion). Can get air into your
alveoli but there is a blocked exchange of getting to cells.
Ex: Emphysema, blood clot in pulmonary artery like
pulmonary emboli
, Shunt unit [ Ans: ] Normal blood flow but something is
blocking ventilation into the lungs like fluid, tumor,
infection
Silent unit [ Ans: ] Neither ventilation or perfusion,
usually a combination of a certain disorder
How many oxygen molecules can one blood cell carry? [
Ans: ] 1200 O2 molecules
Steps required to transfer O2 from environment to cells [
Ans: ] 1. Ventilation of lungs brings oxygen to alveolar
capillary membrane
2. Transport of oxygen from alveoli into plasma and RBC's
onto hemoglobin molecule (moves across alveolar wall in
the pulmonary interstitial space)
3. Reversible chemical combination of O2 and CO2 with
Hgb. O2 combine with Hgb to other parts of the body
4. Circulation of blood from the pulmonary venous
capillaries to systemic capillaries
5. Diffusion of O2 from capillary blood into interstitial
fluid
6. Diffusion into cells
7. Diffusion of O2 into mitochondria where (in
combination with glucose) it helps to synthesize ATP
