BIO 1050 FINAL EXAM ECU- HARRIS
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Atoms - Correct Answers -Basic unit of matter
Structure of Atoms - Correct Answers -consist of a nucleus and electrons.
Describe the type of chemical bonds that can form between atoms - Correct Answers -
covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds.
Science - Correct Answers -An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence
about the natural world.
Biology - Correct Answers -the scientific study of life
scientific thinking - Correct Answers -The cognitive skills required to generate, test, and
revise theories
Key aspects of well designed experiments - Correct Answers -Ensure your experiment
is unbiased.
Make sure your experiment is adequately powered.
Consider the range of applicability of your experiment.
Simplify your experiment.
Indicate the uncertainty in your results.
References and further reading.
How can scientific thinking be used to help make wise decisions - Correct Answers -Ask
yourself, "What evidence supports this choice?" or "How can I test the validity of this
decision?"
Identify the major macromolecules that make up living organisms - Correct Answers -
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Explain the importance of the function of each of the four major macromolecules -
Correct Answers -Nucleic acids: Stores and transfers info. Carbohydrates; Store
energy, provide fuel, and build structure in body, main source of energy, structure of
plant cell wall. Lipid: Insulator and stores fat and energy. Protein: Provide structural
support,transport, enzymes, movement, defense.
, describe the different categories of carbohydrates and their uses - Correct Answers -
Carbohydrates — fiber, starches and sugars — are essential food nutrients that your
body turns into glucose to give you the energy to function.
compare and contrast different categories of lipids and their structures - Correct
Answers -fatty acids, glycerolipids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Fatty acids are the
simplest type of lipids. They consist of long chains of carbon atoms with hydrogen
atoms attached to them. They are divided into two groups: saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids.
Understand the importance of shape in the functioning of a protein - Correct Answers -
Collagen in our cartilage and tendons, for instance, has a three-stranded, rope-like
structure that makes it strong. Enzymes—proteins that facilitate chemical reactions—
typically have a pocket that holds the molecule they act upon.
Compare and contrast DNA and RNA - Correct Answers -DNA is a long polymer with
deoxyriboses and phosphate backbone. Having four different nitrogenous bases:
adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate
backbone. Four different nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
Recall the definition of a cell and describe the two general types of cells - Correct
Answers -prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Though the structures of prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells differ (see prokaryote, eukaryote), their molecular compositions and
activities are very similar.
Describe the structure and functions of the cell membrane. - Correct Answers -
Structure: it separates the cell from the environment
functions: allows nutrients to be absorbed & wastes to be removed
Describe how cells are connected and how they communicate with each other - Correct
Answers -Cells communicate by sending and receiving signals. Signals may come from
the environment, or they may come from other cells. In order to trigger a response,
these signals must be transmitted across the cell membrane.
Describe nine important landmarks in eukaryotic cells - Correct Answers -Eukaryotic
cells contain a plasma membrane, internal protein structures such as cilia, flagella,
ribosomes, and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi
bodies, chloroplast, lysosome, peroxisomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
How energy flows from the sun and through all life on earth - Correct Answers -Plants
intake the suns light and turn it into energy which ends up being ate by animals
how photosynthesis works - Correct Answers -By raising the energy level of electrons in
the chlorophyll molecule, light energy can produce a steady supply of high energy
electrons
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Atoms - Correct Answers -Basic unit of matter
Structure of Atoms - Correct Answers -consist of a nucleus and electrons.
Describe the type of chemical bonds that can form between atoms - Correct Answers -
covalent, ionic, and metallic bonds.
Science - Correct Answers -An organized way of gathering and analyzing evidence
about the natural world.
Biology - Correct Answers -the scientific study of life
scientific thinking - Correct Answers -The cognitive skills required to generate, test, and
revise theories
Key aspects of well designed experiments - Correct Answers -Ensure your experiment
is unbiased.
Make sure your experiment is adequately powered.
Consider the range of applicability of your experiment.
Simplify your experiment.
Indicate the uncertainty in your results.
References and further reading.
How can scientific thinking be used to help make wise decisions - Correct Answers -Ask
yourself, "What evidence supports this choice?" or "How can I test the validity of this
decision?"
Identify the major macromolecules that make up living organisms - Correct Answers -
carbohydrates, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Explain the importance of the function of each of the four major macromolecules -
Correct Answers -Nucleic acids: Stores and transfers info. Carbohydrates; Store
energy, provide fuel, and build structure in body, main source of energy, structure of
plant cell wall. Lipid: Insulator and stores fat and energy. Protein: Provide structural
support,transport, enzymes, movement, defense.
, describe the different categories of carbohydrates and their uses - Correct Answers -
Carbohydrates — fiber, starches and sugars — are essential food nutrients that your
body turns into glucose to give you the energy to function.
compare and contrast different categories of lipids and their structures - Correct
Answers -fatty acids, glycerolipids, phospholipids, and sphingolipids. Fatty acids are the
simplest type of lipids. They consist of long chains of carbon atoms with hydrogen
atoms attached to them. They are divided into two groups: saturated and unsaturated
fatty acids.
Understand the importance of shape in the functioning of a protein - Correct Answers -
Collagen in our cartilage and tendons, for instance, has a three-stranded, rope-like
structure that makes it strong. Enzymes—proteins that facilitate chemical reactions—
typically have a pocket that holds the molecule they act upon.
Compare and contrast DNA and RNA - Correct Answers -DNA is a long polymer with
deoxyriboses and phosphate backbone. Having four different nitrogenous bases:
adenine, guanine, cytosine and thymine. RNA is a polymer with a ribose and phosphate
backbone. Four different nitrogenous bases: adenine, guanine, cytosine, and uracil.
Recall the definition of a cell and describe the two general types of cells - Correct
Answers -prokaryotic cells and eukaryotic cells. Though the structures of prokaryotic
and eukaryotic cells differ (see prokaryote, eukaryote), their molecular compositions and
activities are very similar.
Describe the structure and functions of the cell membrane. - Correct Answers -
Structure: it separates the cell from the environment
functions: allows nutrients to be absorbed & wastes to be removed
Describe how cells are connected and how they communicate with each other - Correct
Answers -Cells communicate by sending and receiving signals. Signals may come from
the environment, or they may come from other cells. In order to trigger a response,
these signals must be transmitted across the cell membrane.
Describe nine important landmarks in eukaryotic cells - Correct Answers -Eukaryotic
cells contain a plasma membrane, internal protein structures such as cilia, flagella,
ribosomes, and membrane-bound organelles such as mitochondria, nucleus, Golgi
bodies, chloroplast, lysosome, peroxisomes, and endoplasmic reticulum.
How energy flows from the sun and through all life on earth - Correct Answers -Plants
intake the suns light and turn it into energy which ends up being ate by animals
how photosynthesis works - Correct Answers -By raising the energy level of electrons in
the chlorophyll molecule, light energy can produce a steady supply of high energy
electrons
