1|Page
PAEA Pediatrics EOR Topics 2025 | Actual
Exam Questions With
Answers
what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause? source?
- correct-answer-viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus; swimming pools
Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge, scanty
mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit lamp
examination; Tx? - correct-answer-dx: viral conjunctivitis
tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for
itching (Olopatadine)
Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis
(conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper eyelids; Tx?
- correct- answer-dx: allergic conjunctivitis
tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine, Pheniramine/Naphazoline,
Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac), topical corticosteroids (but s/e of long
term use = glaucoma, cataracts, HSV keratitis)
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Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of ciliary
injection; Tx? - correct-answer-dx: bacterial conjunctivitis (MC S. aureus, Strep
pneumo, H. influenzae)
tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides,
aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/
fluoroquinolone or
aminoglycoside
if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is the
tx? - correct-answer-admit for IV and topical abx (ophtho emergency)
-gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical
-chlamydia: IV azithromycin
neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? - correct-
answer-ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal ulceration, opacification/scarring,
visual impairment/blindness
standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent ophthalmia
neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: - correct-answer-erythromycin
ointment, tetracycline ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-iodine
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if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1 after birth
what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? - correct-answer-day
1: silver nitrate (chemical cause- prophylaxis is what can cause the condition)
day 2-5: gonococcal
day 5-7: chlamydia
day 7-11: HSV
orbital (septal) cellulitis is usually secondary to infection in most
commonly what age group? - correct-answer-sinus; 7-12y; other causes
include dental/facial infxns or bacteremia
what is the most common sinus infection (90%) that causes secondary orbital
cellulitis? what organisms are the cause? - correct-answer-ethmoid; S. aureus,
Strep. pneumo, GABHS (Strep. pyogenes), H. influenzae
work up/Dx? decreased vision, pain w/ ocular movement, proptosis (bulging
eye), eyelid erythema and edema; tx? - correct-answer-dx: orbital cellulitis
work up: CT scan (showing infxn of fat & ocular muscles) or MRI
tx: IV antibiotics (Vanc, Clinda, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin/Sulbactam)
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what is the difference b/t orbital (septal) cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis? -
correct-answer-preseptal may still have ocular pain, redness and swelling but
NO visual changes or pain w/ ocular mvmt (hasn't affected the muscles)
misalignment of the eyes is aka? when does stable ocular alignment present in
infants? - correct-answer-strabismus; 2-3 mos
convergent strabismus is aka? divergent strabismus is aka? - correct-answer-
convergent: esotropia (deviated inward "cross eyed")
divergent: exotropia (deviated ouward)
a + Hirschberg corneal light reflex test, diplopia, scotomas (blind spots), or
amblyopia (lazy eye) are clinical manifestations of what condition? what other
tests can be performed? - correct-answer-strabismus; cover-uncover test to
determine the angle of strabismus, cover test, convergence testing
how can strabismus be treated? - correct-answer--patch therapy: normal eye is
covered to stimulate and strengthen the affected eye
-eyeglasses
-corrective therapy: if severe or unresponsive to conservative therapy
PAEA Pediatrics EOR Topics 2025 | Actual
Exam Questions With
Answers
what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause? source?
- correct-answer-viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus; swimming pools
Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge, scanty
mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit lamp
examination; Tx? - correct-answer-dx: viral conjunctivitis
tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for
itching (Olopatadine)
Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis
(conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper eyelids; Tx?
- correct- answer-dx: allergic conjunctivitis
tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine, Pheniramine/Naphazoline,
Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac), topical corticosteroids (but s/e of long
term use = glaucoma, cataracts, HSV keratitis)
,2|Page
Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of ciliary
injection; Tx? - correct-answer-dx: bacterial conjunctivitis (MC S. aureus, Strep
pneumo, H. influenzae)
tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides,
aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/
fluoroquinolone or
aminoglycoside
if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is the
tx? - correct-answer-admit for IV and topical abx (ophtho emergency)
-gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical
-chlamydia: IV azithromycin
neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? - correct-
answer-ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal ulceration, opacification/scarring,
visual impairment/blindness
standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent ophthalmia
neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: - correct-answer-erythromycin
ointment, tetracycline ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-iodine
,3|Page
if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1 after birth
what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? - correct-answer-day
1: silver nitrate (chemical cause- prophylaxis is what can cause the condition)
day 2-5: gonococcal
day 5-7: chlamydia
day 7-11: HSV
orbital (septal) cellulitis is usually secondary to infection in most
commonly what age group? - correct-answer-sinus; 7-12y; other causes
include dental/facial infxns or bacteremia
what is the most common sinus infection (90%) that causes secondary orbital
cellulitis? what organisms are the cause? - correct-answer-ethmoid; S. aureus,
Strep. pneumo, GABHS (Strep. pyogenes), H. influenzae
work up/Dx? decreased vision, pain w/ ocular movement, proptosis (bulging
eye), eyelid erythema and edema; tx? - correct-answer-dx: orbital cellulitis
work up: CT scan (showing infxn of fat & ocular muscles) or MRI
tx: IV antibiotics (Vanc, Clinda, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin/Sulbactam)
, 4|Page
what is the difference b/t orbital (septal) cellulitis and preseptal cellulitis? -
correct-answer-preseptal may still have ocular pain, redness and swelling but
NO visual changes or pain w/ ocular mvmt (hasn't affected the muscles)
misalignment of the eyes is aka? when does stable ocular alignment present in
infants? - correct-answer-strabismus; 2-3 mos
convergent strabismus is aka? divergent strabismus is aka? - correct-answer-
convergent: esotropia (deviated inward "cross eyed")
divergent: exotropia (deviated ouward)
a + Hirschberg corneal light reflex test, diplopia, scotomas (blind spots), or
amblyopia (lazy eye) are clinical manifestations of what condition? what other
tests can be performed? - correct-answer-strabismus; cover-uncover test to
determine the angle of strabismus, cover test, convergence testing
how can strabismus be treated? - correct-answer--patch therapy: normal eye is
covered to stimulate and strengthen the affected eye
-eyeglasses
-corrective therapy: if severe or unresponsive to conservative therapy
