FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LAB (BIOL 1101L)
Lab 2: Carbohydrate Lab
Name _________________________ Date ___________
Lab safety: Full PPE required for this lab - lab coat, long pants, closed-toe shoes, gloves and safety
goggles
Learning Objectives:
1. Describe the basic and chemical structure of a monosaccharide.
2. Differentiate between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
3. Identify the storage form of carbohydrate in animals and plants.
4. Describe the major functions of carbohydrates.
5. Know the purpose and principle of Benedict’s Test.
6. Know how to apply scientific method (formulating hypothesis, designing experiment, collecting
data and come up to a conclusion).
Pre-Lab Activity:
Read the introduction for this lab and answer the following questions.
1. Name the most important sugars (monosaccharides) found as part of nucleic acids.
2. What are the sugars (monosaccharides) that have 6 carbons called? Name the most important sugars
that have six carbons.
3. Name the major storage polysaccharide of:
a. Plants: ______________________________________
b. Animals: ____________________________________
4. Why do plants make cellulose?
5. Why can’t we digest cellulose?
6. What macromolecule(s) does Benedict’s reagent identify?
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FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS (BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
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, FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LAB (BIOL 1101L)
Introduction:
Carbohydrates are also called saccharides, which is derived from the Greek word sakcharon meaning sugar.
Carbohydrates are composed of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). The simplest carbohydrates are
called monosaccharides and have a generic formula of (CH2O)n.
Pentoses or monosaccharaides with 5 carbons are important in several biochemical pathways, but the two
most common pentoses, ribose and deoxyribose, are critical structural components of nucleic acids.
Monosaccharides with 6 carbons are hexoses and the four most important hexoses are glucose, fructose,
galactose and mannose. Hexoses have important structural roles in cells, but they also are the preferred
energy source of almost all cell types.
A. Starch
Figure 1: Examples of common monosaccharides.
(Picture source: commonswikimedia.org)
When two monosaccharides are linked together, they are called disaccharide (di=two). Three important
disaccharides are sucrose, lactose and maltose.
Figure 2: Formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides.
(Picture source: https://images.app.goo.gl/Qu3r4f8iWGKQFK6M7 )
Long chain of monosaccharides form polysaccharides. Large quantities of hexoses are stored most
efficiently when they are combined to form much larger polysaccharides. The major storage polysaccharide
in plant cells is called starch, which is composed entirely of glucose. The major storage polysaccharide in
This studyBIOL
source1101/AugUniv/SMCDCW
was downloaded by 1827175 from cliffsnotes.com on 01-13-2026 18:29:10 GMT -06:00 2
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS (BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
https://www.cliffsnotes.com//study-notes/28745765
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LAB (BIOL 1101L)
Lab 2: Carbohydrate Lab
Name _________________________ Date ___________
Lab safety: Full PPE required for this lab - lab coat, long pants, closed-toe shoes, gloves and safety
goggles
Learning Objectives:
1. Describe the basic and chemical structure of a monosaccharide.
2. Differentiate between monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides.
3. Identify the storage form of carbohydrate in animals and plants.
4. Describe the major functions of carbohydrates.
5. Know the purpose and principle of Benedict’s Test.
6. Know how to apply scientific method (formulating hypothesis, designing experiment, collecting
data and come up to a conclusion).
Pre-Lab Activity:
Read the introduction for this lab and answer the following questions.
1. Name the most important sugars (monosaccharides) found as part of nucleic acids.
2. What are the sugars (monosaccharides) that have 6 carbons called? Name the most important sugars
that have six carbons.
3. Name the major storage polysaccharide of:
a. Plants: ______________________________________
b. Animals: ____________________________________
4. Why do plants make cellulose?
5. Why can’t we digest cellulose?
6. What macromolecule(s) does Benedict’s reagent identify?
This studyBIOL
source1101/AugUniv/SMCDCW
was downloaded by 1827175 from cliffsnotes.com on 01-13-2026 18:29:10 GMT -06:00 1
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS (BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
https://www.cliffsnotes.com//study-notes/28745765
, FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LAB (BIOL 1101L)
Introduction:
Carbohydrates are also called saccharides, which is derived from the Greek word sakcharon meaning sugar.
Carbohydrates are composed of Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H) and Oxygen (O). The simplest carbohydrates are
called monosaccharides and have a generic formula of (CH2O)n.
Pentoses or monosaccharaides with 5 carbons are important in several biochemical pathways, but the two
most common pentoses, ribose and deoxyribose, are critical structural components of nucleic acids.
Monosaccharides with 6 carbons are hexoses and the four most important hexoses are glucose, fructose,
galactose and mannose. Hexoses have important structural roles in cells, but they also are the preferred
energy source of almost all cell types.
A. Starch
Figure 1: Examples of common monosaccharides.
(Picture source: commonswikimedia.org)
When two monosaccharides are linked together, they are called disaccharide (di=two). Three important
disaccharides are sucrose, lactose and maltose.
Figure 2: Formation of a disaccharide from two monosaccharides.
(Picture source: https://images.app.goo.gl/Qu3r4f8iWGKQFK6M7 )
Long chain of monosaccharides form polysaccharides. Large quantities of hexoses are stored most
efficiently when they are combined to form much larger polysaccharides. The major storage polysaccharide
in plant cells is called starch, which is composed entirely of glucose. The major storage polysaccharide in
This studyBIOL
source1101/AugUniv/SMCDCW
was downloaded by 1827175 from cliffsnotes.com on 01-13-2026 18:29:10 GMT -06:00 2
FUNDAMENTALS OF BIOLOGY LABFUNDAMENTALS (BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
FUNDAMENTALS
(BIOL 1101L) LabOF
2 Carbohydrate
BIOLOGY LAB Lab.pdf
(BIOL 1101L) Lab 2 Carbohydrate Lab.pdf
https://www.cliffsnotes.com//study-notes/28745765
