TEST PAPER QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 100%
CORRECT
◉ Bilateral Vocal Fold Paralysis. Answer: open position: aphonia,
aspiration
closed position: struggle for breath, potentially life threatening
◉ spasmodic dysphonia. Answer: local dystonia
abductor: involuntary opening, breathy, quiet, aphonia
adductor: overpressure, strained strangled voice
◉ Adductor Spasmodic Dysphonia Treatment. Answer: laser surgery
(make vf thinner), RLN resection (paralyze vf), botox, voice therapy
◉ circumlaryngeal massage. Answer: relaxation, MTD, puberphonia
◉ Puberphonia treatments. Answer: cough hum, lombard/masking,
circumlaryngeal massage
◉ conduction aphonia. Answer: voice loss after emotional trauma
,◉ LSVT. Answer: Lee Silverman Voice Treatment Program an
exclusive target on increasing amplitude - loudness in the speech;
used for Parkinson's patients.
◉ Yawn-Sigh. Answer: increase airflow, drops larynx
◉ accent method. Answer: narrows, helps hypofunctional, makes it
louder with less effort
◉ Asymmetric Tonic Neck Reflex. Answer: fencing reflex, when you
turn head to far from midline
◉ Moro reflex. Answer: startle reflex
◉ Symmetric Tonic Neck Reflex. Answer: tilting head backwards can
cause arching of back and bawling of fists
◉ direct selection. Answer: Pointing, eye gaze, joy stick, speech
recognition
◉ indirect selection. Answer: scanning and partner assisted
selection/scanning, switches
◉ apex. Answer: thicker, wider, lax, LOW FREQUENCY
,◉ base. Answer: thinner, narrower, stiffer, HIGH FREQUENCY
◉ Normal Tympanogram (type A). Answer: -150 to +150 daPa
◉ Shallow Tympanogram. Answer: A(s), shallow, reduced
compliance, otosclerosis
◉ Deep tympanogram. Answer: A(d) deep, hypercompliant,
ossicular chain disconnection
◉ Flat tympanogram. Answer: B, perforation, PE tubes
◉ Negative Tympanogram. Answer: C negative pressure, retracted
TM, ETD
◉ serous otitis media. Answer: a fluid buildup in the middle ear that
can follow acute otitis media or can be caused by obstruction of the
Eustachian tube, PE tubes
◉ acute otitis media. Answer: usually associated with an upper
respiratory infection and is most commonly seen in young children,
quick buildup of fluid and pus, may cause TM rupture, myringotomy
(slit in TM to relieve pressure)
, ◉ chronic otitis media. Answer: repeated episodes of acute otitis
media causing irreversible tissue damage and persistent tympanic
membrane perforation, may have foul smelling discharge,
myringoplasty for TM repair
◉ SNHL causes. Answer: genetic, otoxic drugs, STORCH, noise
induced, presbycusis, acoustic neuroma
◉ 7 swallow events. Answer: -posterior lingual propulsion
-triggering the swallow
-VP closure
-laryngeal vestibule closure (hyolaryngeal elevation, epiglottic
inversion, arytenoid adduction, aryepiglottic fold bunching)
-pharyngeal constriction (horizontal- stripping wave, vertical-
shortens and widens the pharynx)
-UES opening
◉ sensitivity. Answer: test's ability to identify a positive result
◉ specificity. Answer: test's ability to identify a negative result