BIOL 101 QUIZ 4 STUDY GUIDE. COMPLETE SOLUTIONS & ANSWERS 100% CORRECT.

STUDY GUIDE: QUIZ 4 Quiz Preparation Tasks: Your Answers and Notes 7 Information and Its Expression in the Cell 7.3 The Expression of Biological Information A Context for Understanding Gene Expression When the organism expresses a set of genes, the result is the characteristics of that organism. These characteristics are called its ____________. Phenotype The term “transcription” means the process of reading a base sequence in ____________ to generate a complementary base sequence in ____________. DNA; RNA Why is the word “translation” used for protein production? Being decoded Information from DNA is transcribed into mRNA, which is then transported to ribosomes. This phrase describes the role of ____________ in ____________ expression. Describe 2 major problems that transcription solves for the cell. Selectivity and Limitation of Space Transcription: Using Some Genes Now and Some Not at All In the process of transcription, the base sequence in the molecule ____________ is read by the molecule ____________, an enzyme that makes RNA molecules. DNA; RNA Polymerase Which RNA product helps the ribosome to recognize how and where to begin working? Promoter Following the transcription event, list 4 separate parts of the overall processing of premRNA in the cell’s nucleus. RNA Polymerase reads DNA, Creates RNA compared to that DNA, Promotes tell RNA polymerase where to state and end, and regulartory molecules tell which promoter molecule to go. Creates DNA to RNA In the cell nucleus, a pre-mRNA has its introns removed by ____________ enzymes. Spliceosome Translation: Making Proteins In the translation process, tRNA molecules are also called “adapter” molecules. Why? What is their function? They are moving from one language to another There are more than four kinds of amino acids in proteins. Each kind of amino acid must be coded for in mRNA. Thus, a short sequence of mRNA bases called a(n) ____________ is used to code for each amino acid in the translation process. Codon