Author Name – Girish Gujar
Basic Chemistry Formulasheet
Here some Basic Organic acids and there Sources
Organic Acid Sources
Citric acid Lemon , Orange, Citrus fruits
Tartaric acid Tamarind , Grapes
Oxalic acid Spinach , Tomato
Malic acid Apple , Pear
Lactic acid Curd , Sour milk
Acetic acid Vinegar
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) Amla, Orange
Formic acid Ant sting , Red ants
Butyric acid Butter , Cheese
Benzoic acid Cranberry, Plum
Salicylic acid Willow bark
Gallic acid Tea leaves , Gall nuts
Fumaric acid Lichens, Mushrooms
Succinic acid Amber, Plant tissues
, Fundamental Physical & Chemical Constants
Constant Symbol Value (SI Units) Notes
Speed of light in (2.99792458 \times 10^8 Exact, defines the
(c)
vacuum , m/s) meter
(6.62607015 \times 10^{- Quantum
Planck constant (h)
34} , J \cdot s) mechanics
Reduced Planck (\hbar = h / (1.054571817 \times Often used in
constant 2\pi) 10^{-34} , J \cdot s) wave mechanics
Avogadro (6.02214076 \times
(N_A) Defines the mole
constant 10^{23} , mol^{-1})
Boltzmann (1.380649 \times 10^{- Links temperature
(k_B)
constant 23} , J/(K)) & energy
(8.314462618 , J/(mol (R = N_A \cdot
Gas constant (R)
\cdot K)) k_B)
Elementary (1.602176634 \times Charge of a
(e)
charge 10^{-19} , C) proton/electron
Faraday
(F) (96485.33212 , C/mol) (F = N_A \cdot e)
constant
Electron rest (9.10938356 \times 10^{- Fundamental
(m_e)
mass 31} , kg) particle mass
(1.67262192369 \times
Proton rest mass (m_p) Hydrogen nucleus
10^{-27} , kg)
Neutron rest (1.67492749804 \times
(m_n) Neutral nucleon
mass 10^{-27} , kg)
Atomic mass (1.66053906660 \times 1 unified atomic
(m_u)
constant 10^{-27} , kg) mass unit
, Constant Symbol Value (SI Units) Notes
Rydberg (1.0973731568160 \times
(R_\infty) Spectroscopy
constant 107 , m{-1})
Fine-structure (7.2973525693 \times
(\alpha) Dimensionless
constant 10^{-3})
Stefan–
(5.670374419 \times Blackbody
Boltzmann (\sigma)
10^{-8} , W/(m2 \cdot K4)) radiation
constant
Permittivity of (8.8541878128 \times
(\varepsilon_0) Electrostatics
vacuum 10^{-12} , F/m)
Permeability of (4\pi \times 10^{-7} ,
(\mu_0) Magnetism
vacuum N/A^2)
Gravitational (6.67430 \times 10^{-11} Universal
(G)
constant , m3/(kg \cdot s2)) gravitation
Functional Groups with Prefixes & Common Names
Common Name
Functional Group IUPAC Prefix
Usage
Alkane — Paraffin
Alkene alkenyl- Olefin
Acetylene
Alkyne alkynyl-
derivatives
Aromatic (benzene) phenyl- Benzene ring
Alcohol (–OH) hydroxy- Alcohol
Ether (–O–) alkoxy- Ether
Aldehyde (–CHO) formyl- Aldehyde
Ketone (C=O) oxo- Ketone
Carboxylic Acid (–
carboxy- Acid
COOH)
Ester (–COOR) — Alkyl alkanoate
Amine (–NH₂) amino- Amine
Basic Chemistry Formulasheet
Here some Basic Organic acids and there Sources
Organic Acid Sources
Citric acid Lemon , Orange, Citrus fruits
Tartaric acid Tamarind , Grapes
Oxalic acid Spinach , Tomato
Malic acid Apple , Pear
Lactic acid Curd , Sour milk
Acetic acid Vinegar
Ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) Amla, Orange
Formic acid Ant sting , Red ants
Butyric acid Butter , Cheese
Benzoic acid Cranberry, Plum
Salicylic acid Willow bark
Gallic acid Tea leaves , Gall nuts
Fumaric acid Lichens, Mushrooms
Succinic acid Amber, Plant tissues
, Fundamental Physical & Chemical Constants
Constant Symbol Value (SI Units) Notes
Speed of light in (2.99792458 \times 10^8 Exact, defines the
(c)
vacuum , m/s) meter
(6.62607015 \times 10^{- Quantum
Planck constant (h)
34} , J \cdot s) mechanics
Reduced Planck (\hbar = h / (1.054571817 \times Often used in
constant 2\pi) 10^{-34} , J \cdot s) wave mechanics
Avogadro (6.02214076 \times
(N_A) Defines the mole
constant 10^{23} , mol^{-1})
Boltzmann (1.380649 \times 10^{- Links temperature
(k_B)
constant 23} , J/(K)) & energy
(8.314462618 , J/(mol (R = N_A \cdot
Gas constant (R)
\cdot K)) k_B)
Elementary (1.602176634 \times Charge of a
(e)
charge 10^{-19} , C) proton/electron
Faraday
(F) (96485.33212 , C/mol) (F = N_A \cdot e)
constant
Electron rest (9.10938356 \times 10^{- Fundamental
(m_e)
mass 31} , kg) particle mass
(1.67262192369 \times
Proton rest mass (m_p) Hydrogen nucleus
10^{-27} , kg)
Neutron rest (1.67492749804 \times
(m_n) Neutral nucleon
mass 10^{-27} , kg)
Atomic mass (1.66053906660 \times 1 unified atomic
(m_u)
constant 10^{-27} , kg) mass unit
, Constant Symbol Value (SI Units) Notes
Rydberg (1.0973731568160 \times
(R_\infty) Spectroscopy
constant 107 , m{-1})
Fine-structure (7.2973525693 \times
(\alpha) Dimensionless
constant 10^{-3})
Stefan–
(5.670374419 \times Blackbody
Boltzmann (\sigma)
10^{-8} , W/(m2 \cdot K4)) radiation
constant
Permittivity of (8.8541878128 \times
(\varepsilon_0) Electrostatics
vacuum 10^{-12} , F/m)
Permeability of (4\pi \times 10^{-7} ,
(\mu_0) Magnetism
vacuum N/A^2)
Gravitational (6.67430 \times 10^{-11} Universal
(G)
constant , m3/(kg \cdot s2)) gravitation
Functional Groups with Prefixes & Common Names
Common Name
Functional Group IUPAC Prefix
Usage
Alkane — Paraffin
Alkene alkenyl- Olefin
Acetylene
Alkyne alkynyl-
derivatives
Aromatic (benzene) phenyl- Benzene ring
Alcohol (–OH) hydroxy- Alcohol
Ether (–O–) alkoxy- Ether
Aldehyde (–CHO) formyl- Aldehyde
Ketone (C=O) oxo- Ketone
Carboxylic Acid (–
carboxy- Acid
COOH)
Ester (–COOR) — Alkyl alkanoate
Amine (–NH₂) amino- Amine
