NR507- Advanced Pathophysiology Final Exam \
Chamberlain University-Illinois New Latest Version with
All Questions from Actual Exam
NR 507 FINAL EXAM – PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Which cellular process allows damaged cells to die without triggering inflammation?
A. Necrosis
B. Ischemia
C. Apoptosis
D. Autophagy
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Apoptosis is programmed cell death that does not rupture the cell membrane, preventing
inflammation. Necrosis causes inflammation.
2. Persistent activation of inflammatory cytokines most often leads to:
A. Acute healing
B. Tissue regeneration
C. Chronic inflammation
D. Reduced immune response
✅ Correct Answer: C
3. Which immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions?
A. IgG
B. IgA
C. IgE
D. IgM
✅ Correct Answer: C
,4. Which immunoglobulin crosses the placenta to provide passive immunity?
A. IgM
B. IgE
C. IgA
D. IgG
✅ Correct Answer: D
5. Respiratory acidosis is caused by:
A. Hyperventilation
B. CO₂ retention
C. Loss of bicarbonate
D. Excess ketones
✅ Correct Answer: B
6. A patient with prolonged vomiting is at highest risk for:
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Respiratory acidosis
✅ Correct Answer: B
Why: Loss of gastric acid → ↑ pH
7. Renal compensation for respiratory acidosis includes:
A. Excreting bicarbonate
B. Retaining hydrogen ions
C. Retaining bicarbonate
D. Excreting potassium
✅ Correct Answer: C
8. Aldosterone secretion increases in response to:
A. Hypernatremia
B. Increased blood volume
, C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Elevated potassium excretion
✅ Correct Answer: C
9. Aldosterone causes which physiologic effect?
A. Sodium excretion
B. Potassium retention
C. Sodium and water retention
D. Decreased blood volume
✅ Correct Answer: C
10. The earliest pathophysiologic change in hypertension is:
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
B. Renal failure
C. Endothelial dysfunction
D. Atherosclerosis
✅ Correct Answer: C
11. Which lipid abnormality most contributes to atherosclerosis?
A. Low LDL
B. High HDL
C. High LDL
D. Low triglycerides
✅ Correct Answer: C
12. Pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure is caused by:
A. Systemic venous congestion
B. Increased pulmonary capillary pressure
C. Decreased lung compliance
D. Bronchospasm
✅ Correct Answer: B
13. The primary defect in emphysema is:
Chamberlain University-Illinois New Latest Version with
All Questions from Actual Exam
NR 507 FINAL EXAM – PRACTICE QUESTIONS
1. Which cellular process allows damaged cells to die without triggering inflammation?
A. Necrosis
B. Ischemia
C. Apoptosis
D. Autophagy
✅ Correct Answer: C
Rationale:
Apoptosis is programmed cell death that does not rupture the cell membrane, preventing
inflammation. Necrosis causes inflammation.
2. Persistent activation of inflammatory cytokines most often leads to:
A. Acute healing
B. Tissue regeneration
C. Chronic inflammation
D. Reduced immune response
✅ Correct Answer: C
3. Which immunoglobulin is responsible for allergic reactions?
A. IgG
B. IgA
C. IgE
D. IgM
✅ Correct Answer: C
,4. Which immunoglobulin crosses the placenta to provide passive immunity?
A. IgM
B. IgE
C. IgA
D. IgG
✅ Correct Answer: D
5. Respiratory acidosis is caused by:
A. Hyperventilation
B. CO₂ retention
C. Loss of bicarbonate
D. Excess ketones
✅ Correct Answer: B
6. A patient with prolonged vomiting is at highest risk for:
A. Metabolic acidosis
B. Metabolic alkalosis
C. Respiratory alkalosis
D. Respiratory acidosis
✅ Correct Answer: B
Why: Loss of gastric acid → ↑ pH
7. Renal compensation for respiratory acidosis includes:
A. Excreting bicarbonate
B. Retaining hydrogen ions
C. Retaining bicarbonate
D. Excreting potassium
✅ Correct Answer: C
8. Aldosterone secretion increases in response to:
A. Hypernatremia
B. Increased blood volume
, C. Decreased blood pressure
D. Elevated potassium excretion
✅ Correct Answer: C
9. Aldosterone causes which physiologic effect?
A. Sodium excretion
B. Potassium retention
C. Sodium and water retention
D. Decreased blood volume
✅ Correct Answer: C
10. The earliest pathophysiologic change in hypertension is:
A. Left ventricular hypertrophy
B. Renal failure
C. Endothelial dysfunction
D. Atherosclerosis
✅ Correct Answer: C
11. Which lipid abnormality most contributes to atherosclerosis?
A. Low LDL
B. High HDL
C. High LDL
D. Low triglycerides
✅ Correct Answer: C
12. Pulmonary edema in left-sided heart failure is caused by:
A. Systemic venous congestion
B. Increased pulmonary capillary pressure
C. Decreased lung compliance
D. Bronchospasm
✅ Correct Answer: B
13. The primary defect in emphysema is:
