PARAMEDIC PHARMACOLOGY FINAL EXAM
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ A pt. experiences profound sedation when an opioid, such as
fentanyl, is given together with a benzodiazepine, such as
midazolam. This is an example of: Answer: synergism
◉ An abnormal susceptibility to a medication that is peculiar to an
individual patient is called an: Answer: idiosyncratic reaction
◉ As a medication undergoes biotransformation, it becomes a(n):
Answer: metabolite
◉ the ability of a medication to initiate or alter cell activity in a
therapeutic or desired manner is referred to as: Answer: efficacy
◉ The action of the body in response to a medication is called:
Answer: pharmacokinetics
◉ What term is used to describe a situation in which a patient
experiences clinical effects from a medication that are opposite from
the intended effects? Answer: paradoxical reaction
,◉ Which of the following describes first-order elimination? Answer:
the rate of elimination is directly influenced by the plasma levels of
the substance.
◉ Which of the following medications would most likely cause an
immune-mediated medication response? Answer: Penicillin
◉ Which of the following statements regarding the IM route of
medication administration is correct? Answer: Medications have a
bioavailability of 75% to 100% following IM administration.
◉ A medication is called an antagonist if: Answer: it has a higher
affinity for the receptor site than the chemical mediator.
◉ A medication is used "off-label." This means that it: Answer: is
used for a purpose not approved by the FDA, at doses different from
the recommended doses, or by a route of administration not
approved by the FDA.
◉ A pt. receives several doses of the same drug within a short period
of time, after which point the medication does not relieve his
symptoms. Which of the following has occurred? Answer:
Tachyphylaxis
, ◉ An undesirable clinical change caused by a medication that causes
some degree of harm or discomfort to the pt. is called a(n): Answer:
adverse effect
◉ Compared to schedule III drugs, schedule IV drugs: Answer: have
a lower abuse potential and include medications such as diazepam
(valium) and lorazepam (ativan).
◉ Medications that may need to be administered in multiple doses
to obtain the desired response demonstrate which of the following?
Answer: cumulative action
◉ Newer medications are designed to target only specific receptor
sites on certain cells in an attempt to: Answer: minimize adverse
effects.
◉ The term affinity, as it applies to pharmacology, is defined as the:
Answer: ability of a medication to bind to a receptor.
◉ Which of the following conditions would make a pt. the post
susceptible to an adverse effect from a medication? Answer: Renal
Failure
◉ Which of the following factors would be the least likely to affect a
pts. response to a medication? Answer: Past Medical History
SCRIPT 2026 QUESTIONS AND SOLUTIONS
GRADED A+
◉ A pt. experiences profound sedation when an opioid, such as
fentanyl, is given together with a benzodiazepine, such as
midazolam. This is an example of: Answer: synergism
◉ An abnormal susceptibility to a medication that is peculiar to an
individual patient is called an: Answer: idiosyncratic reaction
◉ As a medication undergoes biotransformation, it becomes a(n):
Answer: metabolite
◉ the ability of a medication to initiate or alter cell activity in a
therapeutic or desired manner is referred to as: Answer: efficacy
◉ The action of the body in response to a medication is called:
Answer: pharmacokinetics
◉ What term is used to describe a situation in which a patient
experiences clinical effects from a medication that are opposite from
the intended effects? Answer: paradoxical reaction
,◉ Which of the following describes first-order elimination? Answer:
the rate of elimination is directly influenced by the plasma levels of
the substance.
◉ Which of the following medications would most likely cause an
immune-mediated medication response? Answer: Penicillin
◉ Which of the following statements regarding the IM route of
medication administration is correct? Answer: Medications have a
bioavailability of 75% to 100% following IM administration.
◉ A medication is called an antagonist if: Answer: it has a higher
affinity for the receptor site than the chemical mediator.
◉ A medication is used "off-label." This means that it: Answer: is
used for a purpose not approved by the FDA, at doses different from
the recommended doses, or by a route of administration not
approved by the FDA.
◉ A pt. receives several doses of the same drug within a short period
of time, after which point the medication does not relieve his
symptoms. Which of the following has occurred? Answer:
Tachyphylaxis
, ◉ An undesirable clinical change caused by a medication that causes
some degree of harm or discomfort to the pt. is called a(n): Answer:
adverse effect
◉ Compared to schedule III drugs, schedule IV drugs: Answer: have
a lower abuse potential and include medications such as diazepam
(valium) and lorazepam (ativan).
◉ Medications that may need to be administered in multiple doses
to obtain the desired response demonstrate which of the following?
Answer: cumulative action
◉ Newer medications are designed to target only specific receptor
sites on certain cells in an attempt to: Answer: minimize adverse
effects.
◉ The term affinity, as it applies to pharmacology, is defined as the:
Answer: ability of a medication to bind to a receptor.
◉ Which of the following conditions would make a pt. the post
susceptible to an adverse effect from a medication? Answer: Renal
Failure
◉ Which of the following factors would be the least likely to affect a
pts. response to a medication? Answer: Past Medical History
