EOC Review Biology Final Exam with
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
activation energy - Answer energy needed to start a chemical reaction; lowered by enzymes
active transport - Answer movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy to
be expended by the cell
adaptation - Answer inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival
allele - Answer the different forms of a gene; could be dominant or recessive
amino acid - Answer basic building blocks of proteins
analogous structures - Answer structures that do not have a common evolutionary origin but
are similar in form or function
anaphase - Answer the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate
and move toward opposite poles
antibiotic - Answer compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria
antibody - Answer a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a pathogen
that has entered the body
antigen - Answer substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody
archaea - Answer domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain
peptidoglycan
ATP - Answer a nucleotide that stores and transfers energy within cells
autotroph - Answer organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it
to produce its own food; also called a producer
, bacteria - Answer domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing
peptidoglycans
bacteriophage - Answer virus that infects bacteria
base deletion - Answer mutation which results in the loss of nucleotide pairs in a gene; have
a major effect on the resulting protein
base insertion - Answer mutation which results in the addition of nucleotide pairs in a gene;
have a major effect on the resulting protein
base-pair substitution - Answer a type of point mutation where one nucleotide and its
partner are replaced by another pair of nucleotides
behavioral adaptation - Answer an inherited behavior that helps an organism survive; like
escaping from predators or find a mate
binary fission - Answer asexual reproduction in prokaryotes by which one cell divides into
two identical cells
fetus - Answer an unborn or unhatched vertebrate in the later stages of development
showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal
fever - Answer a rise in the temperature of the body
fitness - Answer the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific
environment
food chain - Answer a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being
eaten
food web - Answer a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an
ecosystem
fossil - Answer the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a past
geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
gamete - Answer egg or sperm sex cell that contains a single set of chromosomes (haploid),
one from each homologous pair
Guaranteed Pass Solutions 2025-2026
Updated.
activation energy - Answer energy needed to start a chemical reaction; lowered by enzymes
active transport - Answer movement of molecules across a membrane requiring energy to
be expended by the cell
adaptation - Answer inherited characteristic that increases an organism's chance of survival
allele - Answer the different forms of a gene; could be dominant or recessive
amino acid - Answer basic building blocks of proteins
analogous structures - Answer structures that do not have a common evolutionary origin but
are similar in form or function
anaphase - Answer the third phase of mitosis, during which the chromosome pairs separate
and move toward opposite poles
antibiotic - Answer compound that blocks the growth and reproduction of bacteria
antibody - Answer a substance produced by the body that destroys or inactivates a pathogen
that has entered the body
antigen - Answer substance (usually foreign) that stimulates the production of an antibody
archaea - Answer domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls that do not contain
peptidoglycan
ATP - Answer a nucleotide that stores and transfers energy within cells
autotroph - Answer organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it
to produce its own food; also called a producer
, bacteria - Answer domain of unicellular prokaryotes that have cell walls containing
peptidoglycans
bacteriophage - Answer virus that infects bacteria
base deletion - Answer mutation which results in the loss of nucleotide pairs in a gene; have
a major effect on the resulting protein
base insertion - Answer mutation which results in the addition of nucleotide pairs in a gene;
have a major effect on the resulting protein
base-pair substitution - Answer a type of point mutation where one nucleotide and its
partner are replaced by another pair of nucleotides
behavioral adaptation - Answer an inherited behavior that helps an organism survive; like
escaping from predators or find a mate
binary fission - Answer asexual reproduction in prokaryotes by which one cell divides into
two identical cells
fetus - Answer an unborn or unhatched vertebrate in the later stages of development
showing the main recognizable features of the mature animal
fever - Answer a rise in the temperature of the body
fitness - Answer the ability of an individual to survive and reproduce in its specific
environment
food chain - Answer a series of steps in which organisms transfer energy by eating and being
eaten
food web - Answer a diagram that shows the feeding relationships between organisms in an
ecosystem
fossil - Answer the remains (or an impression) of a plant or animal that existed in a past
geological age and that has been excavated from the soil
gamete - Answer egg or sperm sex cell that contains a single set of chromosomes (haploid),
one from each homologous pair
