NUR 641 E EXAM STUDY GUIDE TEST BANK
2026 ACTUAL EXAM FULL SOLUTION
◍ spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride. Answer: Potassium sparing
diuretics
◍ phosphodiesterase inhibitor used to treat acute heart failure.
Answer: Milrinone (Primacor)
◍ children squat to compensate for hypoxia. Answer: Tetrallogy of
Fallot squatting
◍ 1.passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the
pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth
2. continuous machine like murmur heard over left upper sternal
border in both systole and diastole
3. pulse is bounding and has thrill during palpation
4. Treated with IV NSAIDs such as indomethacin. Answer: patent
ductus arteriosus (PDA)
◍ a peripheral arterial (arteries and arterioles in fingers mostly)
occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold
or stress
2. vasospastic
3. Treated with dihydropyridine type calcium channel blockers
(nifedipine) bc they cause vasodilation. Answer: Raynaud's disease
,◍ episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed
airways, mucus production, hyperactivity of the bronchial tissue and
inflammation. Answer: Asthma
◍ Symptoms occur >2x/wk, but not daily
treated with short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA) plus inhaled
corticosteroid. Answer: mild persistent asthma
◍ Daily symptoms occur w/ exacerbations 2x/wk
treated with inhaled low dose corticosteroid and long acting
bronchodilator. Answer: moderate persistent asthma
◍ Symptoms occur continually, along w/ frequent exacerbations that
limit physical activity & QOL
treatment (LABA) long acting beta 2 agonist plus high potency
inhaled corticosteroid and oral corticosteroid. Answer: severe
persistent asthma
◍ PRN only
used in combination with inhaled corticosteroid for mild asthma
SABAs used in acute asthma attacks but cause increased heart rate,
tremors, nervousness and reduced serum potassium level. Answer:
Inhaled short-acting beta2 agonists (SABAs) indications
◍ LABA
, never used in acute asthma exacerbation where SABAs such as
albuterol are used. Answer: Salmeterol (Serevent)
◍ rinse mouth after use. Answer: Instruction for inhaled
corticosteroids
◍ fluticasone and salmeterol
Asthma/COPD and is a
corticosteroid. Answer: Advair Diskus
◍ umeclidinium/vilanterol
LAMA/LABA for COPD also an anticholenergic medication. Answer:
Anoro Ellipta
◍ albuterol/ipratropium
SABA and anticholenergic. Answer: Combivent, DuoNeb
◍ long acting anticholinergic bronchodilator
not for acute asthma attack
QD for asthma and COPD. Answer: Tiotropium (Spiriva)
◍ 1. pulmonary disorder seen in childhood, noted increase in
production of a protein producing thick mucus that blocks the airway,
pancreatic ducts, sweat gland ducts and vas deferens. Answer: cystic
fibrosis AKA fibrocystic disease of pancreas
2026 ACTUAL EXAM FULL SOLUTION
◍ spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride. Answer: Potassium sparing
diuretics
◍ phosphodiesterase inhibitor used to treat acute heart failure.
Answer: Milrinone (Primacor)
◍ children squat to compensate for hypoxia. Answer: Tetrallogy of
Fallot squatting
◍ 1.passageway (ductus arteriosus) between the aorta and the
pulmonary artery remains open (patent) after birth
2. continuous machine like murmur heard over left upper sternal
border in both systole and diastole
3. pulse is bounding and has thrill during palpation
4. Treated with IV NSAIDs such as indomethacin. Answer: patent
ductus arteriosus (PDA)
◍ a peripheral arterial (arteries and arterioles in fingers mostly)
occlusive disease in which intermittent attacks are triggered by cold
or stress
2. vasospastic
3. Treated with dihydropyridine type calcium channel blockers
(nifedipine) bc they cause vasodilation. Answer: Raynaud's disease
,◍ episodes of breathing difficulty due to narrowed or obstructed
airways, mucus production, hyperactivity of the bronchial tissue and
inflammation. Answer: Asthma
◍ Symptoms occur >2x/wk, but not daily
treated with short acting beta 2 agonist (SABA) plus inhaled
corticosteroid. Answer: mild persistent asthma
◍ Daily symptoms occur w/ exacerbations 2x/wk
treated with inhaled low dose corticosteroid and long acting
bronchodilator. Answer: moderate persistent asthma
◍ Symptoms occur continually, along w/ frequent exacerbations that
limit physical activity & QOL
treatment (LABA) long acting beta 2 agonist plus high potency
inhaled corticosteroid and oral corticosteroid. Answer: severe
persistent asthma
◍ PRN only
used in combination with inhaled corticosteroid for mild asthma
SABAs used in acute asthma attacks but cause increased heart rate,
tremors, nervousness and reduced serum potassium level. Answer:
Inhaled short-acting beta2 agonists (SABAs) indications
◍ LABA
, never used in acute asthma exacerbation where SABAs such as
albuterol are used. Answer: Salmeterol (Serevent)
◍ rinse mouth after use. Answer: Instruction for inhaled
corticosteroids
◍ fluticasone and salmeterol
Asthma/COPD and is a
corticosteroid. Answer: Advair Diskus
◍ umeclidinium/vilanterol
LAMA/LABA for COPD also an anticholenergic medication. Answer:
Anoro Ellipta
◍ albuterol/ipratropium
SABA and anticholenergic. Answer: Combivent, DuoNeb
◍ long acting anticholinergic bronchodilator
not for acute asthma attack
QD for asthma and COPD. Answer: Tiotropium (Spiriva)
◍ 1. pulmonary disorder seen in childhood, noted increase in
production of a protein producing thick mucus that blocks the airway,
pancreatic ducts, sweat gland ducts and vas deferens. Answer: cystic
fibrosis AKA fibrocystic disease of pancreas
