NSG-121 Final Exam Questions with Correct Answers 100% Verified by Experts| 2025/2026
Latest Update
what are the three criteria for involuntary admission? -person needs a psychiatric treatment
-presents a danger to self or others
-unable to meet his or her own basic needs due to mental illness
risk factors for suicide include: -history of prior episodes of depression
-family history of depressive disorder, especially first-degree relatives
-history of suicide attempts in family or family history of suicide
-member of LGBTQ
-female gender
-40+ years of age
-postpartum period
-chronic medical illness
-absence of social support
-negative, stressful life events, particularly early trauma
-active alcohol or substance use disorder
-history of sexual abuse
what is anergia? reduction in or lack of energy
outcome for anergia increase in energy
how long does it take for antidepressants to work? 4-6 weeks
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: structure in a safe milieu -
maintain low level of stimuli in patient's environment
,-provide structured, noncompetitive or solitary activities with nurse or aid
-redirect agitated behavior through physical exercise
-use antipsychotics, sedative drugs, and seclusion to minimize physical harm when clinically
indicated
-observe for signs of lithium toxicity
-protect patient from giving away money and possessions
-protect patient from inappropriate behavior, such as sexual acting out
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: nutrition -monitor I&O and vital
signs
-offer frequent high calorie protein drinks and milkshakes and finger foods
-frequently remind patient to eat
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: sleep/rest -encourage frequent
rest periods during the day
-keep patient in areas of low stimulation
-at night, provide warm baths, soothing music, and medication when indicated. avoid giving
caffeine at night
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: hygiene -supervise choice of
clothes; minimize flamboyant and bizarre clothing
-give step by step simple reminders for hygiene and dress
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: elimination monitor bowel
habits - offer fluids and foods that are high in fiber. evaluate need for laxative. encourage
patient to go to the bathroom.
Lithium education: -3-6 weeks to show full therapeutic response
-monitoring of serum levels due to narrow therapeutic-toxic range
, -expected side effects: fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, mild nausea, general discomfort,
weight gain, sedation, acne, cognitive problems, hair loss
-first line for bipolar
-excreted by the kidneys - monitor renal function
-sodium levels must be normal (if sodium decreases, drug won't excrete, lithium will build up)
-watch for lost sodium (dehydration, diarrhea, sodium free diet, diuretic renal failure)
-short half life (need to take twice a day)
-long term use increases risk of both kidney and thyroid disease
labs - lithium level, CBC, renal, thyroid, electrolytes
litium toxicity
-confusion, slurred speech, thirst, nausea, muscle weakness, ataxia
-stop medication immediately and go to the ER
agoraphobia fear of marketplace: debilitating when avoidance behaviors take over
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) -mild anxiety: sharp, motivation increased, awareness
increased, learning increased
-moderate anxiety: alertness decreased, concentration decreased, problem-solving decreased,
muscle tension, restless
-severe anxiety: concentration decreased, attention decreased, cognition decreased, physical
and emotional symptoms
-panic anxiety: complete lack of focus, misperceive environment, marked changes in baseline
behavior/function
Latest Update
what are the three criteria for involuntary admission? -person needs a psychiatric treatment
-presents a danger to self or others
-unable to meet his or her own basic needs due to mental illness
risk factors for suicide include: -history of prior episodes of depression
-family history of depressive disorder, especially first-degree relatives
-history of suicide attempts in family or family history of suicide
-member of LGBTQ
-female gender
-40+ years of age
-postpartum period
-chronic medical illness
-absence of social support
-negative, stressful life events, particularly early trauma
-active alcohol or substance use disorder
-history of sexual abuse
what is anergia? reduction in or lack of energy
outcome for anergia increase in energy
how long does it take for antidepressants to work? 4-6 weeks
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: structure in a safe milieu -
maintain low level of stimuli in patient's environment
,-provide structured, noncompetitive or solitary activities with nurse or aid
-redirect agitated behavior through physical exercise
-use antipsychotics, sedative drugs, and seclusion to minimize physical harm when clinically
indicated
-observe for signs of lithium toxicity
-protect patient from giving away money and possessions
-protect patient from inappropriate behavior, such as sexual acting out
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: nutrition -monitor I&O and vital
signs
-offer frequent high calorie protein drinks and milkshakes and finger foods
-frequently remind patient to eat
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: sleep/rest -encourage frequent
rest periods during the day
-keep patient in areas of low stimulation
-at night, provide warm baths, soothing music, and medication when indicated. avoid giving
caffeine at night
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: hygiene -supervise choice of
clothes; minimize flamboyant and bizarre clothing
-give step by step simple reminders for hygiene and dress
safety intervention for working with a client in acute mania: elimination monitor bowel
habits - offer fluids and foods that are high in fiber. evaluate need for laxative. encourage
patient to go to the bathroom.
Lithium education: -3-6 weeks to show full therapeutic response
-monitoring of serum levels due to narrow therapeutic-toxic range
, -expected side effects: fine hand tremor, polyuria, mild thirst, mild nausea, general discomfort,
weight gain, sedation, acne, cognitive problems, hair loss
-first line for bipolar
-excreted by the kidneys - monitor renal function
-sodium levels must be normal (if sodium decreases, drug won't excrete, lithium will build up)
-watch for lost sodium (dehydration, diarrhea, sodium free diet, diuretic renal failure)
-short half life (need to take twice a day)
-long term use increases risk of both kidney and thyroid disease
labs - lithium level, CBC, renal, thyroid, electrolytes
litium toxicity
-confusion, slurred speech, thirst, nausea, muscle weakness, ataxia
-stop medication immediately and go to the ER
agoraphobia fear of marketplace: debilitating when avoidance behaviors take over
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD) -mild anxiety: sharp, motivation increased, awareness
increased, learning increased
-moderate anxiety: alertness decreased, concentration decreased, problem-solving decreased,
muscle tension, restless
-severe anxiety: concentration decreased, attention decreased, cognition decreased, physical
and emotional symptoms
-panic anxiety: complete lack of focus, misperceive environment, marked changes in baseline
behavior/function
