NR 507
NR 507: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST UPDATE.
Asthma ANS >> Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive
inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma ANS >> coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) ANS >> -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-
reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
,NR 507
Bronchioles ANS >> smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that
become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles ANS >> innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria ANS >> the middle layer of the bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria ANS >> embedded with connective tissue cells
and immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria ANS >> white blood cells are present to help
protect the airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma ANS >> the
WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response
that damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain ANS >> columnar
epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain ANS >> smooth
muscle cells
, NR 507
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do ANS >> control the airways
ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation ANS >> When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like
it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus
trapping air inside
how does hyperinflation occur? ANS >> the ongoing inflammatory process of
asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar ANS >> -expanded thorax and hypercapnia
(retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma ANS >> tiotropium and
ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? ANS >> These drugs block the effects
of the parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma ANS >> the parasympathetic system is
stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the
cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction =
decreased airflow
NR 507: ADVANCED PATHOPHYSIOLOGY MIDTERM EXAM QUESTIONS AND
ANSWERS GRADED A+ LATEST UPDATE.
Asthma ANS >> Chronic disease due to bronchoconstriction and an excessive
inflammatory response in the bronchioles
What are 5 s/s of asthma ANS >> coughing
wheezing
shortness of breath
rapid breathing
chest tightness
Pathophysiology of asthma (5) ANS >> -airway inflammation, bronchial hyper-
reactivity and smooth muscle spasm
-excess mucus production and accumulation
-hypertrophy of bronchial smooth muscle
-airflow obstruction
-decreased alveolar ventilation
,NR 507
Bronchioles ANS >> smaller passageways that originate from the bronchi that
become the alveoli
3 layers of the bronchioles ANS >> innermost layer
middle layer - lamina propria
outermost layer
lamina propria ANS >> the middle layer of the bronchioles
structure of the lamina propria ANS >> embedded with connective tissue cells
and immune cells
purpose of the lamina propria ANS >> white blood cells are present to help
protect the airways
How does the lamina propria effect the lungs in regards to asthma ANS >> the
WBCs protective feature goes into overdrive causing an inflammatory response
that damages host tissue
What does the innermost layer of the bronchioles contain ANS >> columnar
epithelial ells and mucus producing goblet cells
What does the outermost layer of the bronchioles contain ANS >> smooth
muscle cells
, NR 507
what does the outermost layer of the bronchioles do ANS >> control the airways
ability to constrict and dilate
alveolar hyperinflation ANS >> When air is unable to move out of the alveolar like
it should due to bronchial walls collapsing around possible mucus plug thus
trapping air inside
how does hyperinflation occur? ANS >> the ongoing inflammatory process of
asthma produces mucus and pus plug that the bronchial walls collapse around
Effect of hyperinflation of the alveolar ANS >> -expanded thorax and hypercapnia
(retention of CO2)
- respiratory acidosis
What are two anticholinergic drugs used for asthma ANS >> tiotropium and
ipratropium
What do anticholinergics do in the lungs? ANS >> These drugs block the effects
of the parasympathetic nervous system
- increasing bronchodilation
MOA of anticholinergic drugs for asthma ANS >> the parasympathetic system is
stimulated by the vagal nerve to release acetylcholine which binds to the
cholinergic receptors of the respiratory tract to cause bronchial constriction =
decreased airflow
