Chapter 9 Stanhope Questions and All
Correct Answers All Chapters
Covered.
A nurse is using analytic epidemiology when conducting a research project. Which of the
following projects is the nurse most likely completing?
a) Reviewing communicable disease statistics
b) Determining factors contributing to childhood obesity
c) Analyzing locations where family violence is increasing
d) Documenting population characteristics for healthy older citizens - Answer B
Epidemiology refers not only to infectious epidemics but also to other health-related events.
Analytic epidemiology looks at the etiology (origins or causes) of disease.
A nurse is employed as a nurse epidemiologist. Which of the following activities would most
likely be completed by the nurse?
a) Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness
b) Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases
c) Performing a physical examination of an ill client
d) Providing treatment and health education to a client with a disease - Answer B
Epidemiology differs from clinical medicine, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of
disease in individuals. Epidemiology monitors the health of the population.
Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an
epidemiologist?
a) She convinced other women to join her in giving nursing care to all the soldiers
,b) She demonstrated that a safer environment resulted in decreased mortality rate
c) She obtained safe water and better food supplies and fought the lice and rats
d) She met with each soldier each evening to say goodnight, thereby giving psychological
support - Answer B
Nightingale examined the relationship between the environment and the recovery of the
soldiers. Using simple epidemiological measures, she was able to show that improving
environmental conditions and adding nursing care decreased the mortality rates of the soldiers.
Nightingale used statistics to document decreased mortality rates when the environmental
factors were improved.
Which of the following statements describes how nursing in the community is more challenging
than nursing in an acute care setting?
a) There is limited access to information useful to the nurse in giving care in the community
b) More paperwork and forms are required when giving care in the home
c) It is more challenging to control the environment in the community
d) Specialization isn't possible in the community setting - Answer C
In the community, nurses often use epidemiology, since the factors that affect the individual,
family, and population group cannot be as easily controlled as in acute care settings. It is
essentially impossible to control the environment in the community.
Several small communities have applied for grant funding from the state department of health
to help decrease their teenage pregnancy rate. Which of the following communities should the
nurse suggest receive funding first?
a) Community A—with 23 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 500
b) Community B—with 45 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1000
c) Community C—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 2000
, d) Community D—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1500 - Answer D
Without doing any actual math, it should be fairly obvious that 23:500, 45:1000, and 90:2000
are all about the same proportion but that 90:1500 is a larger proportion. Doing the math, the
pregnancy rates of A, B, and C are 45-46:1000, whereas the rate in Community D is 60:1000.
Between 2000 and 2005, 1000 of 10,000 young women ages 17 to 20 years at a university
tested positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Of the 1000 diagnosed STIs, 300 were
gonorrhea and 500 were chlamydia. Which of the following statements best summarizes these
findings?
a) The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 300:1300
b) The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to chlamydia was 300:500
c) The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 50%
d) The proportion of STIs to the total population was 100:1000 - Answer D
A proportion is a ratio in which the denominator includes the numerator. If the proportion is
small, we can express the number per 1000. The answer of 300:1300 adds the total of the
numerator to the denominator, which is unnecessary because the gonorrhea cases were already
included in the denominator. In the answer of 300:500, the ratio comparing gonorrhea to
chlamydia does not meet the epidemiological definition of proportion (i.e., the denominator
must contain the numerator). Although proportions may be expressed as percentages, in the
answer of 50% the percentage reflects the number of gonorrhea cases to all STIs, which doesn't
summarize the total STI problem. The answer of 100:1000 correctly summarizes that 1000 of
10,000 (or 100:1000) young women had the problem.
The nursing staff has attempted to screen the entire African-American population in the
community for diabetes. Which of the following would provide immediate verification of the
success of the nursing staff's efforts?
a) An epidemic of diabetes will be recognized
b) The incidence of diabetes will increase in the community
c) The prevalence of diabetes will decrease in the community
Correct Answers All Chapters
Covered.
A nurse is using analytic epidemiology when conducting a research project. Which of the
following projects is the nurse most likely completing?
a) Reviewing communicable disease statistics
b) Determining factors contributing to childhood obesity
c) Analyzing locations where family violence is increasing
d) Documenting population characteristics for healthy older citizens - Answer B
Epidemiology refers not only to infectious epidemics but also to other health-related events.
Analytic epidemiology looks at the etiology (origins or causes) of disease.
A nurse is employed as a nurse epidemiologist. Which of the following activities would most
likely be completed by the nurse?
a) Eliciting the health history of a client presenting with an illness
b) Evaluating the number of clients presenting with similar diseases
c) Performing a physical examination of an ill client
d) Providing treatment and health education to a client with a disease - Answer B
Epidemiology differs from clinical medicine, which focuses on the diagnosis and treatment of
disease in individuals. Epidemiology monitors the health of the population.
Which of the following actions by Florence Nightingale demonstrates her role as an
epidemiologist?
a) She convinced other women to join her in giving nursing care to all the soldiers
,b) She demonstrated that a safer environment resulted in decreased mortality rate
c) She obtained safe water and better food supplies and fought the lice and rats
d) She met with each soldier each evening to say goodnight, thereby giving psychological
support - Answer B
Nightingale examined the relationship between the environment and the recovery of the
soldiers. Using simple epidemiological measures, she was able to show that improving
environmental conditions and adding nursing care decreased the mortality rates of the soldiers.
Nightingale used statistics to document decreased mortality rates when the environmental
factors were improved.
Which of the following statements describes how nursing in the community is more challenging
than nursing in an acute care setting?
a) There is limited access to information useful to the nurse in giving care in the community
b) More paperwork and forms are required when giving care in the home
c) It is more challenging to control the environment in the community
d) Specialization isn't possible in the community setting - Answer C
In the community, nurses often use epidemiology, since the factors that affect the individual,
family, and population group cannot be as easily controlled as in acute care settings. It is
essentially impossible to control the environment in the community.
Several small communities have applied for grant funding from the state department of health
to help decrease their teenage pregnancy rate. Which of the following communities should the
nurse suggest receive funding first?
a) Community A—with 23 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 500
b) Community B—with 45 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1000
c) Community C—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 2000
, d) Community D—with 90 single teenage pregnancies in a city of 1500 - Answer D
Without doing any actual math, it should be fairly obvious that 23:500, 45:1000, and 90:2000
are all about the same proportion but that 90:1500 is a larger proportion. Doing the math, the
pregnancy rates of A, B, and C are 45-46:1000, whereas the rate in Community D is 60:1000.
Between 2000 and 2005, 1000 of 10,000 young women ages 17 to 20 years at a university
tested positive for a sexually transmitted infection (STI). Of the 1000 diagnosed STIs, 300 were
gonorrhea and 500 were chlamydia. Which of the following statements best summarizes these
findings?
a) The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 300:1300
b) The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to chlamydia was 300:500
c) The proportion of cases of gonorrhea to all STIs was 50%
d) The proportion of STIs to the total population was 100:1000 - Answer D
A proportion is a ratio in which the denominator includes the numerator. If the proportion is
small, we can express the number per 1000. The answer of 300:1300 adds the total of the
numerator to the denominator, which is unnecessary because the gonorrhea cases were already
included in the denominator. In the answer of 300:500, the ratio comparing gonorrhea to
chlamydia does not meet the epidemiological definition of proportion (i.e., the denominator
must contain the numerator). Although proportions may be expressed as percentages, in the
answer of 50% the percentage reflects the number of gonorrhea cases to all STIs, which doesn't
summarize the total STI problem. The answer of 100:1000 correctly summarizes that 1000 of
10,000 (or 100:1000) young women had the problem.
The nursing staff has attempted to screen the entire African-American population in the
community for diabetes. Which of the following would provide immediate verification of the
success of the nursing staff's efforts?
a) An epidemic of diabetes will be recognized
b) The incidence of diabetes will increase in the community
c) The prevalence of diabetes will decrease in the community
