Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
Which oral diabetes drugs directly stimulate insulin secretion?
How does this differentiate them from other oral antidiabetic
drugs? - Correct Answers ✅Sulfonylureas (-ide)
- Glipizide (Glucotrol)
- Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
- Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Meglitinides (glinides)
- Repaglinide (Prandin)
- Nateglinide (Starlix)
They have a greater risk of hypoglycemia than other oral
diabetic agents, since the others only increase glucose
uptake or increase insulin sensitivity (not the amount of
insulin produced)
What medications are Biguanides? - Correct Answers ✅-
Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides mechanism of action - Correct Answers ✅-
Decreases glucose production by the liver
- Sensitizes insulin receptors in tissues
- Reduces absorption of glucose in GI tract
,Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
- DOES NOT stimulate release of insulin - helps EXISTING
insulin ALREADY present be more effective
- Can be used off label for weight loss
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides indications for use - Correct Answers ✅Type 2
diabetes - drug of choice for initial T2 therapy
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides contraindications - Correct Answers ✅- Severe
infection
- Kidney impairment
- Alcohol use disorder
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides adverse effects - Correct Answers ✅- GI upset
(common); usually subside with use
- B12, folic acid deficiency due to altered absorption; provide
supplements if needed
- Lactic acidosis; rare, severe reaction to toxicity
,Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides interactions - Correct Answers ✅- Alcohol -
increased risk of lactic acidosis
- Iodinated radiocontrast media - risk of acute kidney failure
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
What medications are Sulfonylureas? - Correct Answers
✅Tolbuatm*ide* (Orinase)
Glybur*ide* (DiaBeta, Micronase)
Glimepir*ide* (Amaryl)
Sulfonylureas mechanism of action - Correct Answers ✅-
Promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic islets
- Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin over time
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas indications for use - Correct Answers ✅- Type
2 diabetes treatment
, Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas contraindications - Correct Answers
✅Pregnancy - teratogenic in animal studies
Causes sustained hypoglycemia in neonate if taken close to
birth
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas adverse effects - Correct Answers ✅-
Cardiovascular toxicity
- Weight gain
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas interactions - Correct Answers ✅- Alcohol -
nausea, vomiting, palpitations
- Beta blockers - mask SNS response to hypoglycemia,
decrease effective by inhibiting insulin release
- Other hypoglycemic agents
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
Which oral diabetes drugs directly stimulate insulin secretion?
How does this differentiate them from other oral antidiabetic
drugs? - Correct Answers ✅Sulfonylureas (-ide)
- Glipizide (Glucotrol)
- Glyburide (DiaBeta, Micronase)
- Glimepiride (Amaryl)
Meglitinides (glinides)
- Repaglinide (Prandin)
- Nateglinide (Starlix)
They have a greater risk of hypoglycemia than other oral
diabetic agents, since the others only increase glucose
uptake or increase insulin sensitivity (not the amount of
insulin produced)
What medications are Biguanides? - Correct Answers ✅-
Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides mechanism of action - Correct Answers ✅-
Decreases glucose production by the liver
- Sensitizes insulin receptors in tissues
- Reduces absorption of glucose in GI tract
,Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
- DOES NOT stimulate release of insulin - helps EXISTING
insulin ALREADY present be more effective
- Can be used off label for weight loss
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides indications for use - Correct Answers ✅Type 2
diabetes - drug of choice for initial T2 therapy
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides contraindications - Correct Answers ✅- Severe
infection
- Kidney impairment
- Alcohol use disorder
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides adverse effects - Correct Answers ✅- GI upset
(common); usually subside with use
- B12, folic acid deficiency due to altered absorption; provide
supplements if needed
- Lactic acidosis; rare, severe reaction to toxicity
,Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
Biguanides interactions - Correct Answers ✅- Alcohol -
increased risk of lactic acidosis
- Iodinated radiocontrast media - risk of acute kidney failure
Biguanides = Metformin (Glucophage)
What medications are Sulfonylureas? - Correct Answers
✅Tolbuatm*ide* (Orinase)
Glybur*ide* (DiaBeta, Micronase)
Glimepir*ide* (Amaryl)
Sulfonylureas mechanism of action - Correct Answers ✅-
Promotes insulin secretion from pancreatic islets
- Increase tissue sensitivity to insulin over time
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas indications for use - Correct Answers ✅- Type
2 diabetes treatment
, Nurs 323 Pharm Midterm Drugs/Drug
Exam Questions and Answers (Latest
2026)
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas contraindications - Correct Answers
✅Pregnancy - teratogenic in animal studies
Causes sustained hypoglycemia in neonate if taken close to
birth
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas adverse effects - Correct Answers ✅-
Cardiovascular toxicity
- Weight gain
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
Sulfonylureas interactions - Correct Answers ✅- Alcohol -
nausea, vomiting, palpitations
- Beta blockers - mask SNS response to hypoglycemia,
decrease effective by inhibiting insulin release
- Other hypoglycemic agents
Sulfonylureas = Glipiz*ide*, Glybur*ide*, Glimepir*ide*
