Bio 256 Anatomy 4 & Physiology
Subject: Anatomy & Physiology / Biology
Source: General Knowledge / Assessment Questions
Format: Multiple-Choice Q&A
1. Which of the following hormones is responsible for decreasing
blood glucose levels?
A. Pancreatic polypeptide
B. Glucagon
C. Insulin
D. Human growth hormone
Correct Answer: C (Insulin)
Rationale:
1. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to
high blood glucose.
2. Its primary function is to promote glucose uptake by cells (especially
muscle and adipose tissue) and to stimulate glycogenesis (glucose
storage as glycogen) in the liver and muscles.
3. These actions collectively lower blood glucose levels.
2. What type of gland will aid in the production of ear wax?
, A. Sebaceous gland
B. Ceruminous gland
C. Apocrine gland
D. Eccrine gland
Correct Answer: B (Ceruminous gland)
Rationale:
1. Ceruminous glands are modified sweat glands located in the external
auditory canal (ear canal).
2. Their secretion combines with sebum and dead skin cells to form
cerumen, commonly known as ear wax.
3. Cerumen helps protect the ear by trapping dust and repelling water.
3. How many lobes does the left lung have?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 2
D. 1
Correct Answer: C (2)
Rationale:
1. The left lung is divided into two lobes (superior and inferior) by the
oblique fissure.
,2. This two-lobe structure accommodates the position of the heart,
which occupies space in the left thoracic cavity.
3. The right lung has three lobes.
4. Which of the following is not one of the quadriceps muscles?
A. Vastus lateralis
B. Biceps femoris
C. Vastus medialis
D. Rectus femoris
Correct Answer: B (Biceps femoris)
Rationale:
1. The quadriceps femoris group consists of four muscles on the front of
the thigh: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus
intermedius.
2. The biceps femoris is one of the three muscles that make up the
hamstrings group on the posterior thigh.
5. Hematocrit refers to the percentage of _________ in whole blood.
A. red blood cells
B. plasma
C. platelets
D. white blood cells
Correct Answer: A (red blood cells)
, Rationale:
1. Hematocrit is a clinical measurement expressed as a percentage.
2. It represents the volume of packed red blood cells (erythrocytes)
relative to the total volume of blood in a sample after centrifugation.
6. Which of the following veins is responsible for delivering
nutrient-rich blood to the liver?
A. Hepatic portal vein
B. Central vein
C. Superior vena cava
D. Hepatic vein
Correct Answer: A (Hepatic portal vein)
Rationale:
1. The hepatic portal vein is a unique vessel that carries blood from the
capillaries of the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, and pancreas to the
liver.
2. This blood is rich in nutrients (and potentially toxins) absorbed from
digestion, allowing the liver to process, store, or detoxify them before
they enter the general circulation.
7. Which of the following terms refers to a process that will stop
bleeding?
A. Hematopoiesis
Subject: Anatomy & Physiology / Biology
Source: General Knowledge / Assessment Questions
Format: Multiple-Choice Q&A
1. Which of the following hormones is responsible for decreasing
blood glucose levels?
A. Pancreatic polypeptide
B. Glucagon
C. Insulin
D. Human growth hormone
Correct Answer: C (Insulin)
Rationale:
1. Insulin is secreted by the beta cells of the pancreas in response to
high blood glucose.
2. Its primary function is to promote glucose uptake by cells (especially
muscle and adipose tissue) and to stimulate glycogenesis (glucose
storage as glycogen) in the liver and muscles.
3. These actions collectively lower blood glucose levels.
2. What type of gland will aid in the production of ear wax?
, A. Sebaceous gland
B. Ceruminous gland
C. Apocrine gland
D. Eccrine gland
Correct Answer: B (Ceruminous gland)
Rationale:
1. Ceruminous glands are modified sweat glands located in the external
auditory canal (ear canal).
2. Their secretion combines with sebum and dead skin cells to form
cerumen, commonly known as ear wax.
3. Cerumen helps protect the ear by trapping dust and repelling water.
3. How many lobes does the left lung have?
A. 3
B. 4
C. 2
D. 1
Correct Answer: C (2)
Rationale:
1. The left lung is divided into two lobes (superior and inferior) by the
oblique fissure.
,2. This two-lobe structure accommodates the position of the heart,
which occupies space in the left thoracic cavity.
3. The right lung has three lobes.
4. Which of the following is not one of the quadriceps muscles?
A. Vastus lateralis
B. Biceps femoris
C. Vastus medialis
D. Rectus femoris
Correct Answer: B (Biceps femoris)
Rationale:
1. The quadriceps femoris group consists of four muscles on the front of
the thigh: rectus femoris, vastus lateralis, vastus medialis, and vastus
intermedius.
2. The biceps femoris is one of the three muscles that make up the
hamstrings group on the posterior thigh.
5. Hematocrit refers to the percentage of _________ in whole blood.
A. red blood cells
B. plasma
C. platelets
D. white blood cells
Correct Answer: A (red blood cells)
, Rationale:
1. Hematocrit is a clinical measurement expressed as a percentage.
2. It represents the volume of packed red blood cells (erythrocytes)
relative to the total volume of blood in a sample after centrifugation.
6. Which of the following veins is responsible for delivering
nutrient-rich blood to the liver?
A. Hepatic portal vein
B. Central vein
C. Superior vena cava
D. Hepatic vein
Correct Answer: A (Hepatic portal vein)
Rationale:
1. The hepatic portal vein is a unique vessel that carries blood from the
capillaries of the gastrointestinal tract, spleen, and pancreas to the
liver.
2. This blood is rich in nutrients (and potentially toxins) absorbed from
digestion, allowing the liver to process, store, or detoxify them before
they enter the general circulation.
7. Which of the following terms refers to a process that will stop
bleeding?
A. Hematopoiesis
