PN 4003|PN 4003 Final Exam|Questions & Answers|latest Updated A+ Score Guide

what is an arteriovenous fistula (AVF)? (Ans- -an artery is connected directly to a vein -the high blood flow from the artery through the vein helps the access grow larger and stronger, making needle insertions for dialysis easier care of client with arteriovenous fistula (Ans- keep access site clean, DO NOT TAKE BLOOD PRESSURE ON THAT ARM! no blood labs either. monitor for redness or swelling Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN) (Ans- the rapid onset of inflammation of the glomerulus of the kidney. Acute Glomerulonephritis (AGN) s/s (Ans- * Gross hematuria * Recent strep infection. * HTN * Mild edema * Positive ASO titer. caring for acute glomerulonephritis (Ans- -rest -restrict fluids as ordered to treat fluid retention -limit sodium and protein as ordered Medications: Administer antihypertensives, diuretics, or antibiotics as ordered Monitoring: Monitor vital signs, blood sugar, weight, intake and output, and serum chemistries azotemia (Ans- presence of urea or other nitrogenous elements in the blood azotemia s/s (Ans- Not peeing a lot. fatigue confusion Nausea and vomiting. SOB (dyspnea) Chest pain. edema (legs and ankles) Abnormal heartbeat (arrhythmia). Lack of appetite. azotemia vs uremia (Ans- azotemia = elevated BUN uremia = very elevated BUN and renal failure uremia s/s (Ans- malaise, fatigue, disorientation, and drowsiness, uremic halitosis (metallic taste) uremia tx (Ans- regular dialysis, monitoring symptoms, and managing fluid and potassium intake normal urine output level (Ans- 30mL/hr what is a purpose of continuous bladder irrigation (Ans- prevents clots TURP (Ans- transurethral resection of the prostate pantoprazole (Ans- proton pump inhibitor Crohn's disease (Ans- a chronic autoimmune disorder that can occur anywhere in the digestive tract; however, it is most often found in the ileum and in the colon ulcerative colitis (Ans- a chronic condition of unknown cause in which repeated episodes of inflammation in the rectum and large intestine cause ulcers and irritation assessing a patient with bowel obstruction (Ans- monitor electrolytes, monitor NG tube (sometimes an NG tube is used for gastric decompression) pancreatitis (Ans- inflammation of the pancreas hepatitis a (Ans- Inflammation of the liver, usually caused by a viral infection, that causes fever, loss of appetite, jaundice, fatigue, and altered liver function. FECAL-ORAL SPREAD hepatitis b (Ans- inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV), which is transmitted SEXUALLY or by exposure to contaminated blood or body fluids hepatitis c (Ans- inflammation of the liver caused by the hepatitis C virus (HCV), which is transmitted by exposure to infected BLOOD; this strain is rarely contracted sexually