Test Bank for
Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition by Herron Jon; Freeman Scott ISBN 9780321998378
Chapter 1-20
Chapter 1 A Case for Evolutionary Thinking: Understanding HIV
1) In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?
A) India
B) Sub-Saharan Africa
C) United States
D) China
E) United Kingdom
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) The HIV virus contains all of the following components except ________.
A) integrase
B) double-stranded RNA
C) single-stranded RNA
D) reverse transcriptase
E) protease
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The acronym HIV stands for which of the following?
A) human intercellular virus
B) human immune virus
C) human immunodeficiency virus
D) human immunity virus
E) human immunodeficiency vector
Answer: C
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) Which of the following enzymes is responsible for transcribing viral RNA into DNA?
A) RNA polymerase
B) reverse transcriptase
C) DNA polymerase
D) reverse integrase
E) RNA duplicase
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 5) The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5. On what
type of cells are these proteins typically observed?
A) plasma cells
B) dendritic cells
C) effector helper T cells
D) memory helper T cells
E) both C and D
Answer: E
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
6) The AIDS phase of HIV infection begins when the concentration of CD4 T cells in the blood
drops below what concentration?
A) 2,000 cells per cubic millimeter
B) 1,000 cells per cubic millimeter
C) 500 cells per cubic millimeter
Test Bank
D) 200 forper
cells Evolutionary Analysis, 5th Edition by Jon C. Herron and Scott Freeman:
cubic millimeter
Complete
E) No CD4 Coverage
T cells are observed.
Unravel
Answer:evolution's
D intricate tapestry with this complete test bank for Evolutionary
Analysis, 5th Edition by Jon C. Herron and Scott Freeman—the gold-standard
Section: 1.1
companion for bio curricula. Fully encompassing all 15+ chapters, it delivers over 1,500
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
rigorously crafted questions: multiple-choice, quantitative problems, conceptual essays,
7) Which
and of the following
phylogenetic exercisesdrug categories
that are used topillars—natural
probe Darwinian treat HIV infections?
selection, genetic drift,
A) integrase inhibitors
gene flow, speciation, macroevolution, molecular clocks, and human origins—all
B) protease inhibitors
revitalized with 2026 updates on CRISPR adaptations, climate-driven phylogenies, and
C) reverse transcriptase inhibitors
evo-devo frontiers per AAAS and Vision & Change benchmarks.
D) DNAse inhibitors
Each question includes exact answers, multi-layered rationales fostering inquiry-based
E) fusion inhibitors
reasoning,
Answer: Dand ties to real datasets for deeper synthesis. Equipped with adaptive
quizzes,
Section: cladogram
1.2 builders, fossil timeline simulators, and comprehensive analytics, this
resource captivates intro bio instructors, undergrad majors, and grad seminars from
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
community colleges to elite labs. Spark evolutionary curiosity—dominate exams, ignite
critical debates,
8) Coreceptor and empower
inhibitors future
block HIV scientists
infection to confront
by preventing biodiversity
which crises with Herron
of the following?
and Freeman's analytical precision!
A) binding of the HIV virion onto the plasma membrane
B) binding of the HIV virion onto the CCR5 receptor
C) binding of the HIV virion onto the gp120 protein
D) degrading the coreceptor so the virion cannot attach
E) binding of the HIV virion onto the CD4 receptor
Answer: B
Section: 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
9) What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?
A) appears on the surface of CD4 T cells, but the HIV virion is unable to infect the host cell
B) does not appear on the surface of CD4 T cells
C) appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and inactivates the virion upon binding
D) interferes with binding of the virion to the CD4 receptor protein
2
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
,E) appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and causes the virion to lyse upon binding
Answer: B
Section: 1.3
Skill: Application/Analysis
10) The ∆32 allele of CCR5 is found at the highest frequency in which of the following
populations?
A) Africans
B) Japanese
C) North Americans
D) Europeans
E) South Americans
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) HIV-1 is believed to have been transmitted to humans from which of the following
organisms?
A) gorillas
B) sooty mangabeys
C) African green monkeys
D) chimpanzees
E) baboons
Answer: D
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) HIV-1 Group M is responsible for 95% of human infections. When is it estimated that HIV-1
Group M was transferred to humans?
A) 1980
B) 1960
C) 1930
D) 1995
E) 1900
Answer: C
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
13) Antibodies and killer T cells recognize HIV or HIV-infected cells by binding to short pieces
of viral proteins displayed on the virus or the infected host cell. These short pieces of viral
proteins are called ________.
A) coat proteins
B) virosomes
C) proteosomes
D) epitopes
E) episomes
Answer: D
3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
, Section: 1.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
14) Tetherin is an important protein produced by the host. What is the function of tetherin in
protecting a host cell from HIV?
A) ties maturing virions to the membrane of the host cell, thereby preventing the release of the
mature virus
B) binds the virus to the external host cell membrane, thereby preventing the virus from entering
the host cell
C) binds the viral RNA to reverse transcriptase, thus preventing synthesis of the viral DNA
D) binds the two viral RNA strands together, thus preventing the transcription of viral DNA in
the host cell
E) causes the maturing virions to aggregate together, thus preventing their release from the host
cell
Answer: A
Section: 1.5
Skill: Application/Analysis
15) Early in the infection with HIV, most virions bind to the host cell using CCR5 as a
coreceptor. As the infection progresses, the HIV population evolves to use an alternate
coreceptor. What is the alternate coreceptor these X4 viruses utilize?
A) Tetherin
B) CCR5α
C) vpu
D) TRIM5α
E) CXCR4
Answer: E
Section: 1.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
16) In what region of the world is the incidence of infection with HIV highest?
Answer: Sub-Saharan Africa
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
17) Originally, HIV was thought to be restricted to transmission during homosexual contact
between gay men. List other ways in which HIV is currently known to be transmitted.
Answer: HIV can be transmitted by heterosexual sex, oral sex, needle sharing, transfusion with
contaminated blood products, other unsafe medical procedures, childbirth and breast-feeding.
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
18) What does the acronym AIDS stand for?
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
Evolutionary Analysis 5th Edition by Herron Jon; Freeman Scott ISBN 9780321998378
Chapter 1-20
Chapter 1 A Case for Evolutionary Thinking: Understanding HIV
1) In which of the following regions has AIDS killed the largest number of individuals?
A) India
B) Sub-Saharan Africa
C) United States
D) China
E) United Kingdom
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
2) The HIV virus contains all of the following components except ________.
A) integrase
B) double-stranded RNA
C) single-stranded RNA
D) reverse transcriptase
E) protease
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
3) The acronym HIV stands for which of the following?
A) human intercellular virus
B) human immune virus
C) human immunodeficiency virus
D) human immunity virus
E) human immunodeficiency vector
Answer: C
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4) Which of the following enzymes is responsible for transcribing viral RNA into DNA?
A) RNA polymerase
B) reverse transcriptase
C) DNA polymerase
D) reverse integrase
E) RNA duplicase
Answer: B
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
1
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
, 5) The proteins that enable the HIV virus to bind to cells are typically CD4 and CCR5. On what
type of cells are these proteins typically observed?
A) plasma cells
B) dendritic cells
C) effector helper T cells
D) memory helper T cells
E) both C and D
Answer: E
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
6) The AIDS phase of HIV infection begins when the concentration of CD4 T cells in the blood
drops below what concentration?
A) 2,000 cells per cubic millimeter
B) 1,000 cells per cubic millimeter
C) 500 cells per cubic millimeter
Test Bank
D) 200 forper
cells Evolutionary Analysis, 5th Edition by Jon C. Herron and Scott Freeman:
cubic millimeter
Complete
E) No CD4 Coverage
T cells are observed.
Unravel
Answer:evolution's
D intricate tapestry with this complete test bank for Evolutionary
Analysis, 5th Edition by Jon C. Herron and Scott Freeman—the gold-standard
Section: 1.1
companion for bio curricula. Fully encompassing all 15+ chapters, it delivers over 1,500
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
rigorously crafted questions: multiple-choice, quantitative problems, conceptual essays,
7) Which
and of the following
phylogenetic exercisesdrug categories
that are used topillars—natural
probe Darwinian treat HIV infections?
selection, genetic drift,
A) integrase inhibitors
gene flow, speciation, macroevolution, molecular clocks, and human origins—all
B) protease inhibitors
revitalized with 2026 updates on CRISPR adaptations, climate-driven phylogenies, and
C) reverse transcriptase inhibitors
evo-devo frontiers per AAAS and Vision & Change benchmarks.
D) DNAse inhibitors
Each question includes exact answers, multi-layered rationales fostering inquiry-based
E) fusion inhibitors
reasoning,
Answer: Dand ties to real datasets for deeper synthesis. Equipped with adaptive
quizzes,
Section: cladogram
1.2 builders, fossil timeline simulators, and comprehensive analytics, this
resource captivates intro bio instructors, undergrad majors, and grad seminars from
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
community colleges to elite labs. Spark evolutionary curiosity—dominate exams, ignite
critical debates,
8) Coreceptor and empower
inhibitors future
block HIV scientists
infection to confront
by preventing biodiversity
which crises with Herron
of the following?
and Freeman's analytical precision!
A) binding of the HIV virion onto the plasma membrane
B) binding of the HIV virion onto the CCR5 receptor
C) binding of the HIV virion onto the gp120 protein
D) degrading the coreceptor so the virion cannot attach
E) binding of the HIV virion onto the CD4 receptor
Answer: B
Section: 1.2
Skill: Application/Analysis
9) What is the effect of the ∆32 allele of CCR5 on HIV binding?
A) appears on the surface of CD4 T cells, but the HIV virion is unable to infect the host cell
B) does not appear on the surface of CD4 T cells
C) appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and inactivates the virion upon binding
D) interferes with binding of the virion to the CD4 receptor protein
2
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
,E) appears on the surface of the CD4 T cells and causes the virion to lyse upon binding
Answer: B
Section: 1.3
Skill: Application/Analysis
10) The ∆32 allele of CCR5 is found at the highest frequency in which of the following
populations?
A) Africans
B) Japanese
C) North Americans
D) Europeans
E) South Americans
Answer: D
Section: 1.3
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
11) HIV-1 is believed to have been transmitted to humans from which of the following
organisms?
A) gorillas
B) sooty mangabeys
C) African green monkeys
D) chimpanzees
E) baboons
Answer: D
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
12) HIV-1 Group M is responsible for 95% of human infections. When is it estimated that HIV-1
Group M was transferred to humans?
A) 1980
B) 1960
C) 1930
D) 1995
E) 1900
Answer: C
Section: 1.4
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
13) Antibodies and killer T cells recognize HIV or HIV-infected cells by binding to short pieces
of viral proteins displayed on the virus or the infected host cell. These short pieces of viral
proteins are called ________.
A) coat proteins
B) virosomes
C) proteosomes
D) epitopes
E) episomes
Answer: D
3
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
, Section: 1.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
14) Tetherin is an important protein produced by the host. What is the function of tetherin in
protecting a host cell from HIV?
A) ties maturing virions to the membrane of the host cell, thereby preventing the release of the
mature virus
B) binds the virus to the external host cell membrane, thereby preventing the virus from entering
the host cell
C) binds the viral RNA to reverse transcriptase, thus preventing synthesis of the viral DNA
D) binds the two viral RNA strands together, thus preventing the transcription of viral DNA in
the host cell
E) causes the maturing virions to aggregate together, thus preventing their release from the host
cell
Answer: A
Section: 1.5
Skill: Application/Analysis
15) Early in the infection with HIV, most virions bind to the host cell using CCR5 as a
coreceptor. As the infection progresses, the HIV population evolves to use an alternate
coreceptor. What is the alternate coreceptor these X4 viruses utilize?
A) Tetherin
B) CCR5α
C) vpu
D) TRIM5α
E) CXCR4
Answer: E
Section: 1.5
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
16) In what region of the world is the incidence of infection with HIV highest?
Answer: Sub-Saharan Africa
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
17) Originally, HIV was thought to be restricted to transmission during homosexual contact
between gay men. List other ways in which HIV is currently known to be transmitted.
Answer: HIV can be transmitted by heterosexual sex, oral sex, needle sharing, transfusion with
contaminated blood products, other unsafe medical procedures, childbirth and breast-feeding.
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
18) What does the acronym AIDS stand for?
Answer: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Section: 1.1
Skill: Knowledge/Comprehension
4
Copyright © 2014 Pearson Education, Inc.
