BIOL 112 Unit 2 Practice Exam | Molecular Biology: DNA, Transcription & Translation | Bacterial vs Eukaryotic Comparison | Verified Answers 2026

This guide features a high-value comparison table between Bacterial and Eukaryotic transcription and translation. Learn the critical differences in promoter structures (Sigma factors vs. TATA Binding Protein), site of transcription (Cytoplasm vs. Nucleus), and RNA processing (Splicing, Capping, and Tailing). Detailed practice questions include: DNA Assembly: Antiparallel strands, hydrogen bonding, and base stacking. Transcription Mechanics: How RNA Polymerase initiates at the +1 site and the role of consensus sequences like the -10 and -35 boxes. Translation & Genetic Code: The Wobble Hypothesis, tRNA anticodon pairing, and aminoacyl-tRNA synthetase function. Mutations: Explanations of silent, missense, and nonsense mutations and why the genetic code is considered redundant.