Radiology and Nuclear Medicine Final
Exam-Graded A
Diagnostic imaging - ANS-Radiology, nuclear med, photography, mico imaging, and
other types
Radiography - ANS-Most common subspecialty. It uses x-rays to produce a diagnostic
imaging.
X-rays - ANS-Are a form of invisible radiation. Produced when a positively charged
metal plate inside a vacuum is bombarded with a stream of electrons.
They have short wavelengths and contain so much energy that they are able to pass
through the body
lymphangiography - ANS-iodinated contrast dye is injected into a lymphatic vessel. The
dye outlines the vessel and shows enlarged lymphnodes, lymphomas, and blockage of
lymphatic drainage
myelography - ANS-iodinated contrast dye is injected into the subrachnoid space
between L3 and L4 vertebrae. The dye outlines the spinal cavity, spinal nerves, nerve
roots, intervertebral disks, and shows tumors and herniated disks.Because this
commonly has side effect of a severe headache, a CT or MRI scan is usually performed
pyelography - ANS-in intavenous pyelography, iodinated contrast dye is injected into the
vein, circulates through the blood, and is excreted in the urine. It outlines the urinary
tract and shows narowing, blockage and stones. (excretory urography)
Retrograde pyelography - ANS-A cytoscopy is performed and iodinated contrast dye is
injected through a catheter inserted through the urethra, bladder and then into each
ureter.
pyel/o- - ANS-renal pelvis
Upper gastrointestinal series - ANS-Barium contrast medium as a liquid is swallowed.
The barium outlines the esophagus and stomach to show ulcers and blockage. This is
also known as a barium swallow.
To check a patients ability to swallow, liquid barium is mixed with crackers and
swallowed
, flurospscopy - ANS-uses continuous x-rays to capture the moving images of the internal
organs as they occur. the x-rays pass through the patients body to a fluorescent screen
that transforms the x-ray into wavelengths of light. It is used to follow the movement of
iodinated contrast dye during cardiac catherization or angiography, and follow barium
contrast
Cinerdiography - ANS-entire fluroscopy recorded digitaly
MRI - ANS-Uses a scanner and a strong magnetic field to align protons in the atoms of
the patients body by high-frequency radiowaves sent through the patients body so the
protons can absorb the radiowaves and emit signals, which will create an image
Does not emit ex-rays, no radiation
Best for showing soft tissue, blood vessels, intervertebral disks, muscles, nerves,
organs, tumor and MRA
Modified MRI - ANS-Not encolsed in all sides and ideal for pediatric, older adult,
claustrophobic, anxious or obese patients
Ultrasonography - ANS-Uses pulses of inaudible, ultra high frequency sound waves to
create an image. Sound waves are reflected as echos from internal structures. The
echoes are then changed into electric signals and analyzed by a computer
Used to differentiate solid tumors and stones from fluid-filled cyst of the breasts,
galllbladder, kidney, ovary or uterus. Access structure of eye, images of a fetus, and
fetal parts can be measured to estimage the due date for birth
Ultrasound transducer - ANS-emits sound waves that is held against the skin over the
organ or structure to be imaged
Conducting gel - ANS-optimizes transmission of the sound waves
Echocardiography - ANS-Uses ultra high-frequency sound waves to show real-time,
moving images of the heart during contractions and relaxations. The ultrasound image,
which is viewed on a computer screen or as individual images is an echocardiogram
Transeophageal echocardiography - ANS-May be ordered when a standard
echocardiogram cannnot produce a good image. During a tee, a patient swallows an
edoscope that contains tiny sound wave-emitting transucer at its tip.
doppler ultrasonography - ANS-Uses high frequency sound waves and doppler
technology to produce audible sound of blood flow through an artery. The transducer
emits and then collects reflected sounwaves. If the arter is patent, a loud swish swish
Exam-Graded A
Diagnostic imaging - ANS-Radiology, nuclear med, photography, mico imaging, and
other types
Radiography - ANS-Most common subspecialty. It uses x-rays to produce a diagnostic
imaging.
X-rays - ANS-Are a form of invisible radiation. Produced when a positively charged
metal plate inside a vacuum is bombarded with a stream of electrons.
They have short wavelengths and contain so much energy that they are able to pass
through the body
lymphangiography - ANS-iodinated contrast dye is injected into a lymphatic vessel. The
dye outlines the vessel and shows enlarged lymphnodes, lymphomas, and blockage of
lymphatic drainage
myelography - ANS-iodinated contrast dye is injected into the subrachnoid space
between L3 and L4 vertebrae. The dye outlines the spinal cavity, spinal nerves, nerve
roots, intervertebral disks, and shows tumors and herniated disks.Because this
commonly has side effect of a severe headache, a CT or MRI scan is usually performed
pyelography - ANS-in intavenous pyelography, iodinated contrast dye is injected into the
vein, circulates through the blood, and is excreted in the urine. It outlines the urinary
tract and shows narowing, blockage and stones. (excretory urography)
Retrograde pyelography - ANS-A cytoscopy is performed and iodinated contrast dye is
injected through a catheter inserted through the urethra, bladder and then into each
ureter.
pyel/o- - ANS-renal pelvis
Upper gastrointestinal series - ANS-Barium contrast medium as a liquid is swallowed.
The barium outlines the esophagus and stomach to show ulcers and blockage. This is
also known as a barium swallow.
To check a patients ability to swallow, liquid barium is mixed with crackers and
swallowed
, flurospscopy - ANS-uses continuous x-rays to capture the moving images of the internal
organs as they occur. the x-rays pass through the patients body to a fluorescent screen
that transforms the x-ray into wavelengths of light. It is used to follow the movement of
iodinated contrast dye during cardiac catherization or angiography, and follow barium
contrast
Cinerdiography - ANS-entire fluroscopy recorded digitaly
MRI - ANS-Uses a scanner and a strong magnetic field to align protons in the atoms of
the patients body by high-frequency radiowaves sent through the patients body so the
protons can absorb the radiowaves and emit signals, which will create an image
Does not emit ex-rays, no radiation
Best for showing soft tissue, blood vessels, intervertebral disks, muscles, nerves,
organs, tumor and MRA
Modified MRI - ANS-Not encolsed in all sides and ideal for pediatric, older adult,
claustrophobic, anxious or obese patients
Ultrasonography - ANS-Uses pulses of inaudible, ultra high frequency sound waves to
create an image. Sound waves are reflected as echos from internal structures. The
echoes are then changed into electric signals and analyzed by a computer
Used to differentiate solid tumors and stones from fluid-filled cyst of the breasts,
galllbladder, kidney, ovary or uterus. Access structure of eye, images of a fetus, and
fetal parts can be measured to estimage the due date for birth
Ultrasound transducer - ANS-emits sound waves that is held against the skin over the
organ or structure to be imaged
Conducting gel - ANS-optimizes transmission of the sound waves
Echocardiography - ANS-Uses ultra high-frequency sound waves to show real-time,
moving images of the heart during contractions and relaxations. The ultrasound image,
which is viewed on a computer screen or as individual images is an echocardiogram
Transeophageal echocardiography - ANS-May be ordered when a standard
echocardiogram cannnot produce a good image. During a tee, a patient swallows an
edoscope that contains tiny sound wave-emitting transucer at its tip.
doppler ultrasonography - ANS-Uses high frequency sound waves and doppler
technology to produce audible sound of blood flow through an artery. The transducer
emits and then collects reflected sounwaves. If the arter is patent, a loud swish swish
