Assessments (Prep for OA)
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1. At birth, Alex's sex was assigned as "male," but Alex later underwent
surgery at 28 years old to transition to a female body. Alex would be
considered a _______. - ANSWER transsexual
- Explanation: Someone who is transsexual identifies as a different sex than
the one they were assigned at birth and makes the physical (and surgical)
transition to the body they more closely identify as.
2. What does gender have to do with socialization? - ANSWER A child's
gender may determine how they are treated and essentially affect how they
perceive themselves.
- Explanation: Both in the home and in school, a child's gender may
influence the way they are treated, affecting their understanding of how
they fit into society.
,3. Each culture has certain _______, or culturally accepted ways of doing
things that apply to everyday life. - ANSWER norms
4. Explanation: Cultural norms are mandated ways of doing things that apply
to everyday life, such as Americans tipping their restaurant servers.
5. Why can't "people with blue eyes" be categorized as an aggregate? -
ANSWER The members of this group are not necessarily united in time
and space.
- Explanation: Aggregates are a group of people convene without knowing
one another in a location temporarily and without frequency. Unless these
"people with blue eyes" are in the same place at the same time at random,
this category cannot be considered an aggregate. "People with blue eyes"
could instead be considered a category.
6. Which quality is required to be members of a primary group? - ANSWER
that the relationship endure regardless of whether a functional reason to
interact exists
- Explanation: Primary group members do not have to be family. The
relationship does not have to be lifelong, and the relationship does not
have to be rooted in a functional purpose. However, if there is a functional
reason for interaction, the relationship will endure after that reason no
longer exists. For example, coworkers that become friends will continue to
see one another after each has moved on to a different job.
,7. Which is an example of a dysfunction of bureaucracy? - ANSWER Sanjay
has been fairly unmotivated at work recently. He is on a large team of
people, each responsible for a specific piece of a long process. His job is
simple, repetitive, and no one looks over his shoulder.
- Explanation: Sanjay's situation is a typical dysfunction of bureaucracy. When
people become divorced from the end result of their efforts, it can be
difficult to stay interested in the work. Laura and Jim's situations
demonstrate the challenges working in a bureaucracy; however, their
companies are not exhibiting the dysfunctions.
8. Which is the best way to describe groupthink? - ANSWER the
conformity that groups exhibit during a decision-making process
- Explanation: Groupthink is the conformity and flawed thinking that very
close groups exhibit during a decision-making process. An example of this
might be that the group is incapable of recognizing a mistake because so
many people agree that the decision is correct.
9. How could one reduce social loafing? - ANSWER make sure each
individual's work is reviewed, and that he or she is given praise or criticism
- Explanation: Often social loafing occurs because the responsibility is
dispersed over a group; however, one could lessen the effect of this by
holding each individual accountable for his or her work, and offering
objective feedback on the quality of the work that they have completed.
, 10.New dancers who recently joined Ben's dance team are extremely talented.
Ben then decides to spend additional time after practice perfecting his
technique. Which of the following social groups is Ben responding to in his
behavior? - ANSWER reference group
- Explanation: Reference groups are those to which an individual compares
him or herself. Ben compares himself to the new members of his dance
team and, subsequently, begins to train harder.
11.How would Robert Merton describe an individual who rejected the socially
acceptable goals of society, as well as the means to achieve these goals, and
subsequently created new goals and means? - ANSWER rebel
- Explanation: Rebellion is the response to social strain by both rejecting the
socially-promoted goal and the legitimate means to achieve it, while also
creating new means and goals.
12.Which of the following is an example of a victimless crime? - ANSWER
man getting drunk in public
- Explanation: Victimless crimes include vagrancy, prostitution, illegal drug
use—in short, any crime with no obvious "victim." Embezzling is a white-
collar crime and criminal organizations are part of organized crime.
13.The home and front yard of a gay couple, which displays a large gay pride
flag, is vandalized with garbage and spray paint. Which of the following
would this crime likely be considered? - ANSWER hate crime