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Samenvatting Ontwikkeling en voortplanting - Morfologie - A.S. Van Rompuy (NIEUW CURRICULUM)

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Ontwikkeling en voortplanting - Morfologie gegeven door A.S. Van Rompuy (NIEUW CURRICULUM). Bevat alle info uit de slides en eigen notities van de lessen.

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O&V – MORFOLOGIE A.S. VAN ROMPUY

H1: Perineum............................................................................................................................................3
1. Mannelijk perineum ............................................................................................................................ 3
1.1 DIEPSTE STRUCTUREN (van binnen naar buiten)............................................................................. 4
1.2 INTERMEDIAIRE STRUCTUREN ........................................................................................................ 5
1.3 OPPERVLAKKIGE STRUCTUREN ........................................................................................................ 6
2. Vrouwelijk perineum ........................................................................................................................... 7

H2: Mannelijke geslachtsorganen ...........................................................................................................11
1. Inleiding ............................................................................................................................................ 11
2. Scrotum ............................................................................................................................................. 12
2.1 Anatomie ........................................................................................................................................... 12
2.2 Histologie van de tesLs ...................................................................................................................... 14
2.3 Omhullende lagen van de tesLs en scrotum ..................................................................................... 18
2.4 Bloedvoorziening van het scrotum .................................................................................................... 19
2.5 Lymfedrainage van scrotum en tesLs ................................................................................................ 20
2.6 InnervaLe van het scrotum ............................................................................................................... 20
3. Ductus deferens ................................................................................................................................ 21
4. Vesiculae seminales (zaadblaasjes)................................................................................................... 23
5. Urethra masculina ............................................................................................................................ 24
6. Prostaat ............................................................................................................................................ 25
7. Penis .................................................................................................................................................. 27

H3: Vrouwelijke geslachtsorganen ..........................................................................................................31
1. Ovarium ............................................................................................................................................ 33
2. Tuba uterina (buis van Fallopius) ...................................................................................................... 37
3. Uterus ............................................................................................................................................... 38
4. Cervix ................................................................................................................................................ 42
5. Vagina ............................................................................................................................................... 43
6. Vulva ................................................................................................................................................. 45
7. Bevloeiing, lymfedrainage en innervaSe van de vrouwelijke geslachtsorganen............................... 46
7.1 Arteriële bevloeiing ....................................................................................................................... 46
7.2 Lymfedrainage (belangrijk bij kanker) ............................................................................................ 47
7.3 InnervaLe ...................................................................................................................................... 48

H4: De vrouwelijke borst ........................................................................................................................49




1

,2

,H1: PERINEUM
1. MANNELIJK PERINEUM
Algemene ligging en begrenzing
• Perineum = weke delen die de onderzijde van het bekken (pelvis) afsluiten
• Grenzen:
o Vooraan: symphysis pubica
o Achteraan: coccyx
o Lateraal: tubera ischiadica
o Dak van het perineum: Diaphragma pelvis (bekkenbodem)
o Bodem van het perineum: huid
o Vormt een ruit in gynaecologische houding:
§ Anterolateraal: rami ischiopubici
§ Posterolateraal: ligamenta sacrotuberalia (onder m. gluteus maximus)
§ Centrum: centrum tendineum perinei
• Lijn tussen beide tubera ischiadica verdeelt perineum in:
o Voorste deel: urogenitaal perineum
o Achterste deel: anaal perineum

Symphysis pubica


Ramus ischiopubicus/
r. ossis ischii
Urogenitaal perineum
Tuber ischiadicum




Anaal perineum Centrum tendineum
perinei

Lig. sacrotuberale m. gluteus maximus
anus
Coccyx

Binnen de regio urogenitalis liggen:
• Diaphragma urogenitale (oppervlakkig, horizontaal gespannen tussen de schaambeentakken)
• SpaDum perinei profundum (met o.a. m. transversus perinei profundus en m. sphincter urethrae)
• SpaDum perinei superficiale (oppervlakkige spieren zoals m. bulbospongiosus)

Diaphragma pelvis:
• Ligt dieper/hoger dan het perineum, vormt de bovenste grens van de bekkenbodem.
• Bestaat vooral uit m. levator ani en m. coccygeus
• Steunt de bekkenorganen en sluit de bekkenuitgang af




3

, 1.1 DIEPSTE STRUCTUREN (VAN BINNEN NAAR BUITEN)
Diaphragma pelvis (bekkenbodem)
• FuncLe: vormt het dak van het perineum
• Spieren:
o m. levator ani (belangrijkste):
§ Origo: os pubis, arcus tendineus m. levator ani, spina ischiadica
§ InserLo: coccyx en lig. anococcygeum
§ Voorste vezels vormen levatorpoort (hiatus urogenitalis) rond apex prostaat
§ Achterste vezels versmelten met m. sphincter ani externus
o m. coccygeus:
§ Origo: spina ischiadica
§ InserLo: coccyx
§ Rudimentair
• Fasciae:
o fascia diaphragmaLca pelvis superior
o fascia diaphragmaLca pelvis inferior (dak fossa ischiorectalis)
• InnervaLe: plexus sacralis (S3–S5)
Diaphragma pelvis (bekkenbodem)
Parietaal peritoneum
Fascia diaphragmatis
arcus tendineus Spina ischiadica Frontale doorsnede achterste perineum
(fascia m. obturatorius
pelvis superior en
internus) inferior

arcus tendineus Anaal kanaal




m. transversus perinei
m. coccygeus
profundus


m. sphincter
m. levator ani ani externus
coccyx
Os pubis m. obturatorius internus
Arcus pubicus lig. anococcygeum
m. levator ani
Levatorpoort m. sphincter ani externus
(hiatus urogenitalis) Bezenuwing: plexus sacralis (SIII-SV)




Fossa ischiorectalis
• Tussen diaphragma pelvis en diaphragma urogenitale
• Achteraan open, gevuld met vetweefsel
• Flexibel: beweging anaal kanaal, toegang chirurgie
• Biedt toegang tot excavaLo rectovesicalis (via fascia van Denonvilliers)
• Kanaal van Alcock (canalis pudendalis):
o Lateraal tegen m. obturatorius internus
o Inhoud: a., v., en n. pudenda interna
o Loopt verder in voorste perineum → a., v., n. dorsalis penis




4

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