CMS PHARMACOLOGY PROCTORED EXAM
EXAM SCRIPT 2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What are the tests for kidney function? Answer: Creatinine and GFR
levels
⩥ How do medications travel through the body? Answer: "MADE"
- Metabolism
- Absorption
- Distribution
- Excretion
⩥ What are the 8 routes of medication administration? Answer: 1. Nasal
2. Otic
3. Oral
4. Inhalation
5. Ocular
6. Inhalation
7. Topical/transdermal
8. Rectal/vaginal
,⩥ Pharmacokinetics of Absorption Answer: IV route
- No barrier for absorption
⩥ Pharmacokinetics of Metabolism Answer: Liver, kidneys, lungs,
intestines, blood
- Can be affected by age, increase in some medication metabolism
enzymes, FIRST-PASS EFFECT, and nutritional status
⩥ Pharmacokinetics of Elimination Answer: Kidneys, liver, lungs,
intestines, and exocrine glands (ex. breast milk)
⩥ Pharmacodynamics Answer: Interaction between medication and
target cells, body systems, and organs to produce effects
- Agonist
- Antagonist
- Partial Agonist
⩥ Things to remember for the oral/enteral route Answer: - Avoid
administration with interacting foods and beverages (ex. Grapefruit)
- Ensure to swallow enteric-coated or time-release capsules whole
- For sublingual, DO NOT eat or drink till fully dissolved
⩥ Things to remember for NGT and gastrostomy tube routes Answer: -
DO NOT administer sublingual medications through NG tube
,- Administrate medications separately
- Completely dissolve crushed tablets and capsules
- DO NOT crush extended/time-release, fluid-filled, or enteric-coated
⩥ Rapid-Acting Insulins Answer: Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog),
Glulisine (Apidra)
- Onset - 15-30 min
- Peak - 0.5-2.5 hr
- Duration - 3-6 hr
⩥ Short-Acting Insulins Answer: - Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
- Onset 30 min-1 hr
- Peak 2-5 hr
- Duration 5-8 hr
*ONLY ONE GIVEN IV*
⩥ Intermediate-Acting Insulins Answer: NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
- Onset - 1-2 hr
- Peak - 4-12 hr
- Duration - 6-10 hr
, *CLOUDY*
⩥ Long-Acting Insulins Answer: Glargine (Lantus), Detemir (Levemir)
- Onset - 70 min
- Peak - NO PEAK
- Duration - 18-24 hr
Give once daily at bedtime
acts as basal insulin
*DO NOT MIX*
⩥ Rights of Safe Medication Administration Answer: 1. Right client
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right time
5. Right route
6. Right documentation
Right client education
Right to refuse
Right assessment
EXAM SCRIPT 2026 UPDATED QUESTIONS
WITH VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+
⩥ What are the tests for kidney function? Answer: Creatinine and GFR
levels
⩥ How do medications travel through the body? Answer: "MADE"
- Metabolism
- Absorption
- Distribution
- Excretion
⩥ What are the 8 routes of medication administration? Answer: 1. Nasal
2. Otic
3. Oral
4. Inhalation
5. Ocular
6. Inhalation
7. Topical/transdermal
8. Rectal/vaginal
,⩥ Pharmacokinetics of Absorption Answer: IV route
- No barrier for absorption
⩥ Pharmacokinetics of Metabolism Answer: Liver, kidneys, lungs,
intestines, blood
- Can be affected by age, increase in some medication metabolism
enzymes, FIRST-PASS EFFECT, and nutritional status
⩥ Pharmacokinetics of Elimination Answer: Kidneys, liver, lungs,
intestines, and exocrine glands (ex. breast milk)
⩥ Pharmacodynamics Answer: Interaction between medication and
target cells, body systems, and organs to produce effects
- Agonist
- Antagonist
- Partial Agonist
⩥ Things to remember for the oral/enteral route Answer: - Avoid
administration with interacting foods and beverages (ex. Grapefruit)
- Ensure to swallow enteric-coated or time-release capsules whole
- For sublingual, DO NOT eat or drink till fully dissolved
⩥ Things to remember for NGT and gastrostomy tube routes Answer: -
DO NOT administer sublingual medications through NG tube
,- Administrate medications separately
- Completely dissolve crushed tablets and capsules
- DO NOT crush extended/time-release, fluid-filled, or enteric-coated
⩥ Rapid-Acting Insulins Answer: Lispro (Humalog), Aspart (Novolog),
Glulisine (Apidra)
- Onset - 15-30 min
- Peak - 0.5-2.5 hr
- Duration - 3-6 hr
⩥ Short-Acting Insulins Answer: - Regular (Humulin R, Novolin R)
- Onset 30 min-1 hr
- Peak 2-5 hr
- Duration 5-8 hr
*ONLY ONE GIVEN IV*
⩥ Intermediate-Acting Insulins Answer: NPH (Humulin N, Novolin N)
- Onset - 1-2 hr
- Peak - 4-12 hr
- Duration - 6-10 hr
, *CLOUDY*
⩥ Long-Acting Insulins Answer: Glargine (Lantus), Detemir (Levemir)
- Onset - 70 min
- Peak - NO PEAK
- Duration - 18-24 hr
Give once daily at bedtime
acts as basal insulin
*DO NOT MIX*
⩥ Rights of Safe Medication Administration Answer: 1. Right client
2. Right medication
3. Right dose
4. Right time
5. Right route
6. Right documentation
Right client education
Right to refuse
Right assessment
