NCC EFM Cert. Exam Questions and
Answers Updated 2026
Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? - AnswerUmb. vein to IVC
Foramen ovale connects _______to______? - AnswerR. atrium to L. atrium
Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? - AnswerPulm. artery to aorta
Normal rate - Answer110 to 160 BPM
Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation - Answer160 BPM
Average rate in fetus with heart block - Answer60 BPM (intrinsic ventricular or nodal rate)
Sympathetic effects - AnswerIncr. HR, constricted peripheral and visceral blood vessels, vital organs
dilate and receive more blood
Gest. age at which autonomic nervous system is fully developed - Answer~ 32wks
Primary indicator of fetal oxygenation - AnswerPresence or absence of variability
Location of chemoreceptors - Answeraortic arch
Chemoreceptors respond to? - AnswerChanges in O2 and CO2
Location of baroreceptors - AnswerAortic arch and carotid bodies
Maximal reactivity occurs when? - AnswerLate at night
Max duration of fetal nonreactivity? - Answer80min
Answers Updated 2026
Ductus venosus connects ______ to ______? - AnswerUmb. vein to IVC
Foramen ovale connects _______to______? - AnswerR. atrium to L. atrium
Ductus arteriosus connects _______ to _______? - AnswerPulm. artery to aorta
Normal rate - Answer110 to 160 BPM
Average baseline rate at 15wks gestation - Answer160 BPM
Average rate in fetus with heart block - Answer60 BPM (intrinsic ventricular or nodal rate)
Sympathetic effects - AnswerIncr. HR, constricted peripheral and visceral blood vessels, vital organs
dilate and receive more blood
Gest. age at which autonomic nervous system is fully developed - Answer~ 32wks
Primary indicator of fetal oxygenation - AnswerPresence or absence of variability
Location of chemoreceptors - Answeraortic arch
Chemoreceptors respond to? - AnswerChanges in O2 and CO2
Location of baroreceptors - AnswerAortic arch and carotid bodies
Maximal reactivity occurs when? - AnswerLate at night
Max duration of fetal nonreactivity? - Answer80min
