IVY TECH APHY 101 FINAL EXAM 2025 LATEST REAL QUESTIONS AND
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADE A, Exams of Nursing
- ANSWER
what are the parts of a long bone? - ANSWERepiphysis and diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? - ANSWERend of a long bone that articulates (forms a
joint) with another bone.
What is the diaphysis? - ANSWERshaft of a long bone
What is the medullary cavity? - ANSWERhollow chamber in diaphysis.
marrow fills this cavity
What is the periosteum? - ANSWERa dense layer of vascular connective
tissue enclosing a bone
what is compact bone? - ANSWERwall of the diaphysis mainly composed of
tightly packed tissue
,what is spongy bone? - ANSWERcancellous bone that largely composes the
epiphysis
Describe the process of ossification - ANSWERstep one 1: cordlike and
connects muscles to bones; a broad sheet of dense connective tissue that
connects muscles to muscles
step 2: Long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from membranes
and some from tendons.
step 3: Ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses of
long bones.
step 4: When the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth
stops.
What is the epiphyseal plate? - ANSWERas spongy bone is deposited in the
diaphysis and in the epiphysis, a band of cartilage will form
what are osteoclasts? - ANSWERcells that break down bone
what are osteoblasts? - ANSWERbone forming cells
what are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWERsupport, protection,
movement, storage, blood cell formation
,What is the axial skeleton? - ANSWERskull, vertebral column, rib cage
What is the appendicular skeleton? - ANSWERpectoral girdle, upper limbs,
pelvic girdle, lower limbs
what are the steps of fracture repair? - ANSWER1. Hematoma formation-
blood vessels, tissues in broken bone are torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and area
will become irritated.
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the area and
begin cleaning up the debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to
repair. This is called a bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
how are bones classified? - ANSWERby shape
what are the shapes of bones? - ANSWERlong, short, flat, irregular
example of long bone - ANSWERfemur
example of short bones are - ANSWERcarpals and tarsals in the ankle and
wrist
, examples of flat bones - ANSWERribs, scapulae, and some bones of the skull
examples of irregular bones - ANSWERfacial bones, vertebrae
What is articular cartilage? - ANSWERhyaline cartilage covering articular ends
of the bones
What is a joint capsule? - ANSWERtissue that stops synovial fluid from
escaping and encloses and supports and holds the bones together.
what is a ligament? - ANSWERConnects bone to bone and reinforce the joint
capsule.
What is the synovial membrane? - ANSWERinner layer of the joint capsule,
covers all of the surface within the joint capsule.
What is synovial fluid? - ANSWERLubricates and nourishes the cartilage
covering the bones at movable joints and contains macrophages the remove
microbes and debris from the joint cavity.
what is the menisci? - ANSWERcushion the articulating surfaces and help
distribute body weight onto these surfaces
what is the bursae? - ANSWERfluid-filled sac that acts as a ball bearing to
reduce friction
CORRECT ANSWERS GRADE A, Exams of Nursing
- ANSWER
what are the parts of a long bone? - ANSWERepiphysis and diaphysis
What is the epiphysis? - ANSWERend of a long bone that articulates (forms a
joint) with another bone.
What is the diaphysis? - ANSWERshaft of a long bone
What is the medullary cavity? - ANSWERhollow chamber in diaphysis.
marrow fills this cavity
What is the periosteum? - ANSWERa dense layer of vascular connective
tissue enclosing a bone
what is compact bone? - ANSWERwall of the diaphysis mainly composed of
tightly packed tissue
,what is spongy bone? - ANSWERcancellous bone that largely composes the
epiphysis
Describe the process of ossification - ANSWERstep one 1: cordlike and
connects muscles to bones; a broad sheet of dense connective tissue that
connects muscles to muscles
step 2: Long bones develop from rods of cartilage, some from membranes
and some from tendons.
step 3: Ossification occurs first in the cartilage rods, then in the epiphyses of
long bones.
step 4: When the epiphysial cartilage has ossified (hardened), bone growth
stops.
What is the epiphyseal plate? - ANSWERas spongy bone is deposited in the
diaphysis and in the epiphysis, a band of cartilage will form
what are osteoclasts? - ANSWERcells that break down bone
what are osteoblasts? - ANSWERbone forming cells
what are the functions of the skeletal system? - ANSWERsupport, protection,
movement, storage, blood cell formation
,What is the axial skeleton? - ANSWERskull, vertebral column, rib cage
What is the appendicular skeleton? - ANSWERpectoral girdle, upper limbs,
pelvic girdle, lower limbs
what are the steps of fracture repair? - ANSWER1. Hematoma formation-
blood vessels, tissues in broken bone are torn resulting in a
Hematoma mass of clotted cells. Bone cells with no nutrition will die and area
will become irritated.
2. Fibrocartilaginous callus formation- phagocytic cells invade the area and
begin cleaning up the debris.
3. Bone callus formation- about 1 week into repair, new bone begins to
repair. This is called a bony callus. This continues for about 3 months.
4. Bone remodeling- excess material removed, shaft was reconstructed.
how are bones classified? - ANSWERby shape
what are the shapes of bones? - ANSWERlong, short, flat, irregular
example of long bone - ANSWERfemur
example of short bones are - ANSWERcarpals and tarsals in the ankle and
wrist
, examples of flat bones - ANSWERribs, scapulae, and some bones of the skull
examples of irregular bones - ANSWERfacial bones, vertebrae
What is articular cartilage? - ANSWERhyaline cartilage covering articular ends
of the bones
What is a joint capsule? - ANSWERtissue that stops synovial fluid from
escaping and encloses and supports and holds the bones together.
what is a ligament? - ANSWERConnects bone to bone and reinforce the joint
capsule.
What is the synovial membrane? - ANSWERinner layer of the joint capsule,
covers all of the surface within the joint capsule.
What is synovial fluid? - ANSWERLubricates and nourishes the cartilage
covering the bones at movable joints and contains macrophages the remove
microbes and debris from the joint cavity.
what is the menisci? - ANSWERcushion the articulating surfaces and help
distribute body weight onto these surfaces
what is the bursae? - ANSWERfluid-filled sac that acts as a ball bearing to
reduce friction
