PSYC 230 UIUC Exam 1 (2025-2026) With
Correct Verified and Well Analyzed
Answers Graded A+
Perception
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information,
enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Are there really 5 senses?
No, there are from 7-12 different senses
neural transduction
receptors, transduction and neural response
Sensation
activation of sensory receptors due to a stimulus in the environment
(physical stimulus---->neural signal)
Phenomenology
internal experience that everyone has of the external world around
them
Aristotle and the Five senses
Aristotle said there were five senses - smell, sight, touch, taste, and
hearing - but science suggests there are many more than that
Thomas Young
showed that light, like waves, could be diffracted, color recptors
Johannes Mueller
doctrine of specific nerve energies (distinct senses)
Von Helmholtz
perception is constructed from both senses and cognitive processes,
unconscious inference, three basic color receptors
, Hering
colors are perceived through 2 pairs of opposing colors (four primary
colors, not three)
Weber's Law
the just noticeable difference between two stimuli is based on a
proportion of the original stimulus rather than on a fixed amount of
difference
Fechner
father of psychophysics, the study of the relation between physical
stimuli and the perception they elicit
Fechner's Law
sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity
Gestalt Psychology
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Law of Proximity (Gestalt)
elements close to one another tend to be perceived as a unit
Law of Common Fate (Gestalt)
visual elements that move in the same speed and/or direction are
parts of a single stimulus
law of closure (gestalt)
we tend to see complete figures even when part of the information is
missing
Law of Similarity (Gestalt)
objects that are similar tend to be grouped together
Law of Good Continuation (Gestalt)
elements that appear to follow the same pathway tend to be grouped
together
Gibson and Direct Perception
sensation is perception, what you see is what you get
Information Processing Approach
Correct Verified and Well Analyzed
Answers Graded A+
Perception
the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information,
enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Are there really 5 senses?
No, there are from 7-12 different senses
neural transduction
receptors, transduction and neural response
Sensation
activation of sensory receptors due to a stimulus in the environment
(physical stimulus---->neural signal)
Phenomenology
internal experience that everyone has of the external world around
them
Aristotle and the Five senses
Aristotle said there were five senses - smell, sight, touch, taste, and
hearing - but science suggests there are many more than that
Thomas Young
showed that light, like waves, could be diffracted, color recptors
Johannes Mueller
doctrine of specific nerve energies (distinct senses)
Von Helmholtz
perception is constructed from both senses and cognitive processes,
unconscious inference, three basic color receptors
, Hering
colors are perceived through 2 pairs of opposing colors (four primary
colors, not three)
Weber's Law
the just noticeable difference between two stimuli is based on a
proportion of the original stimulus rather than on a fixed amount of
difference
Fechner
father of psychophysics, the study of the relation between physical
stimuli and the perception they elicit
Fechner's Law
sensation is a logarithmic function of physical intensity
Gestalt Psychology
the whole is greater than the sum of its parts
Law of Proximity (Gestalt)
elements close to one another tend to be perceived as a unit
Law of Common Fate (Gestalt)
visual elements that move in the same speed and/or direction are
parts of a single stimulus
law of closure (gestalt)
we tend to see complete figures even when part of the information is
missing
Law of Similarity (Gestalt)
objects that are similar tend to be grouped together
Law of Good Continuation (Gestalt)
elements that appear to follow the same pathway tend to be grouped
together
Gibson and Direct Perception
sensation is perception, what you see is what you get
Information Processing Approach
