NUR 355 Exam 1 (MedSurg 1) Newest Actual Exam Preparation With Complete
Questions And Correct Answers With Rationales | Already Graded A+||Brand
New Version!!
Question 1
Which of the following is considered a primary social determinant of health (SDOH)?
A) Genetic predisposition to diabetes
B) Access to community resources and economic stability
C) Personal preference for sedentary lifestyle
D) Number of hospitalizations in the last year
E) Cellular response to systemic inflammation
Correct Answer: B) Access to community resources and economic stability
Rationale: Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow,
live, work, and age. These include economic stability, neighborhood and built environment
(community resources), education access, and income equality. Unlike genetics or
individual pathophysiology, these factors are external and environmental, significantly
impacting overall health outcomes and health equity.
Question 2
A nurse is assessing a patient’s extrinsic eye movements. Which three cranial nerves are
responsible for controlling the muscles that move the eye?
A) II, III, and IV
B) III, IV, and VI
C) I, II, and III
D) V, VII, and VIII
E) IX, X, and XII
Correct Answer: B) III, IV, and VI
Rationale: The movements of the eye are controlled by six extraocular muscles innervated
by three cranial nerves: the Oculomotor (CN III), the Trochlear (CN IV), and the Abducens
(CN VI). CN III controls most eye movements and pupillary constriction; CN IV controls
the superior oblique muscle (downward/inward movement); and CN VI controls the lateral
rectus muscle (lateral movement).
, 2
Question 3
Which of the following are considered key factors in providing culturally competent nursing
care?
A) Medical history, insurance status, and pharmacy preference
B) Genetic heritage, BMI, and visual acuity
C) Communication style, personal space, and time orientation
D) Age, gender, and occupation
E) Religious affiliation, dietary fiber intake, and sleep hygiene
Correct Answer: C) Communication style, personal space, and time orientation
Rationale: Cultural competence involves understanding how a patient’s background
influences their health behaviors. Key factors include communication (verbal/non-verbal),
preferences for personal space (proxemics), and time orientation (past, present, or future
focus). Recognizing these allows the nurse to tailor care that respects the patient's values
and improves compliance.
Question 4
A patient is diagnosed with conductive hearing loss. The nurse understands that this condition
can be caused by:
A) Prolonged exposure to loud industrial noises
B) Ototoxicity from aminoglycoside antibiotics
C) Damage to the cochlear receptor cells
D) Impacted cerumen or a blockage in the ear canal
E) Normal age-related degeneration of the auditory nerve
Correct Answer: D) Impacted cerumen or a blockage in the ear canal
Rationale: Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound waves are blocked from reaching the
inner ear. Common causes include physical obstructions like impacted cerumen (earwax),
foreign bodies in the ear canal, or conditions like otitis media (middle ear infection).
Sensorineural hearing loss, by contrast, involves damage to the inner ear or the auditory
nerve (CN VIII).
, 3
Question 5
When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, which technique should the
nurse employ?
A) Shouting loudly to ensure the patient hears the words
B) Facing the patient directly and speaking slowly
C) Exaggerating facial expressions and using high-pitched tones
D) Speaking exclusively into the patient’s "good" ear while standing behind them
E) Using long, complex sentences to provide detailed information
Correct Answer: B) Facing the patient directly and speaking slowly
Rationale: Effective communication with hearing-impaired patients requires facing them
directly (to allow for lip-reading), enunciating clearly, and speaking slowly. Shouting
should be avoided as it can distort the sound and often raises the pitch, which is actually
harder for many hearing-impaired patients to understand.
Question 6
A nurse is performing a skin assessment on a patient with a large, spreading skin rash. Which
two items are most critical to include in the documentation?
A) The patient’s height and weight
B) Baseline appearance of the skin and current pain level
C) The brand of soap the patient used this morning
D) The patient’s history of sun exposure in childhood
E) The location of the nearest pharmacy
Correct Answer: B) Baseline appearance of the skin and current pain level
Rationale: When assessing a rash, establishing a baseline appearance is essential for
evaluating whether the condition is improving or worsening over time. Additionally,
assessing the pain or pruritus (itching) level associated with the rash helps determine the
severity of inflammation and the effectiveness of interventions.
Question 7
Which ethical principle is defined as the nurse’s obligation to keep promises and fulfill
commitments made to the patient or family?
, 4
A) Beneficence
B) Non-maleficence
C) Autonomy
D) Veracity
E) Fidelity
Correct Answer: E) Fidelity
Rationale: Fidelity refers to faithfulness and the practice of keeping one’s obligations and
promises. In nursing, this means following through with care as promised (e.g., returning to
the room when you said you would) and maintaining the trust inherent in the nurse-patient
relationship.
Question 8
A nurse provides a patient with a warm blanket and reassures them before a procedure. This
action best demonstrates which ethical principle?
A) Social Justice
B) Autonomy
C) Beneficence
D) Veracity
E) Fidelity
Correct Answer: C) Beneficence
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to do good and promote positive actions to help others. It
involves taking active steps to benefit the patient and protect their welfare. Providing
comfort measures and emotional support are direct applications of this principle.
Question 9
The nurse is honest with a patient about the potential side effects of a new medication, even
though the information might cause the patient some anxiety. This demonstrates:
A) Fidelity
B) Non-maleficence
C) Social Justice
Questions And Correct Answers With Rationales | Already Graded A+||Brand
New Version!!
Question 1
Which of the following is considered a primary social determinant of health (SDOH)?
A) Genetic predisposition to diabetes
B) Access to community resources and economic stability
C) Personal preference for sedentary lifestyle
D) Number of hospitalizations in the last year
E) Cellular response to systemic inflammation
Correct Answer: B) Access to community resources and economic stability
Rationale: Social determinants of health are the conditions in which people are born, grow,
live, work, and age. These include economic stability, neighborhood and built environment
(community resources), education access, and income equality. Unlike genetics or
individual pathophysiology, these factors are external and environmental, significantly
impacting overall health outcomes and health equity.
Question 2
A nurse is assessing a patient’s extrinsic eye movements. Which three cranial nerves are
responsible for controlling the muscles that move the eye?
A) II, III, and IV
B) III, IV, and VI
C) I, II, and III
D) V, VII, and VIII
E) IX, X, and XII
Correct Answer: B) III, IV, and VI
Rationale: The movements of the eye are controlled by six extraocular muscles innervated
by three cranial nerves: the Oculomotor (CN III), the Trochlear (CN IV), and the Abducens
(CN VI). CN III controls most eye movements and pupillary constriction; CN IV controls
the superior oblique muscle (downward/inward movement); and CN VI controls the lateral
rectus muscle (lateral movement).
, 2
Question 3
Which of the following are considered key factors in providing culturally competent nursing
care?
A) Medical history, insurance status, and pharmacy preference
B) Genetic heritage, BMI, and visual acuity
C) Communication style, personal space, and time orientation
D) Age, gender, and occupation
E) Religious affiliation, dietary fiber intake, and sleep hygiene
Correct Answer: C) Communication style, personal space, and time orientation
Rationale: Cultural competence involves understanding how a patient’s background
influences their health behaviors. Key factors include communication (verbal/non-verbal),
preferences for personal space (proxemics), and time orientation (past, present, or future
focus). Recognizing these allows the nurse to tailor care that respects the patient's values
and improves compliance.
Question 4
A patient is diagnosed with conductive hearing loss. The nurse understands that this condition
can be caused by:
A) Prolonged exposure to loud industrial noises
B) Ototoxicity from aminoglycoside antibiotics
C) Damage to the cochlear receptor cells
D) Impacted cerumen or a blockage in the ear canal
E) Normal age-related degeneration of the auditory nerve
Correct Answer: D) Impacted cerumen or a blockage in the ear canal
Rationale: Conductive hearing loss occurs when sound waves are blocked from reaching the
inner ear. Common causes include physical obstructions like impacted cerumen (earwax),
foreign bodies in the ear canal, or conditions like otitis media (middle ear infection).
Sensorineural hearing loss, by contrast, involves damage to the inner ear or the auditory
nerve (CN VIII).
, 3
Question 5
When communicating with a patient who has a hearing impairment, which technique should the
nurse employ?
A) Shouting loudly to ensure the patient hears the words
B) Facing the patient directly and speaking slowly
C) Exaggerating facial expressions and using high-pitched tones
D) Speaking exclusively into the patient’s "good" ear while standing behind them
E) Using long, complex sentences to provide detailed information
Correct Answer: B) Facing the patient directly and speaking slowly
Rationale: Effective communication with hearing-impaired patients requires facing them
directly (to allow for lip-reading), enunciating clearly, and speaking slowly. Shouting
should be avoided as it can distort the sound and often raises the pitch, which is actually
harder for many hearing-impaired patients to understand.
Question 6
A nurse is performing a skin assessment on a patient with a large, spreading skin rash. Which
two items are most critical to include in the documentation?
A) The patient’s height and weight
B) Baseline appearance of the skin and current pain level
C) The brand of soap the patient used this morning
D) The patient’s history of sun exposure in childhood
E) The location of the nearest pharmacy
Correct Answer: B) Baseline appearance of the skin and current pain level
Rationale: When assessing a rash, establishing a baseline appearance is essential for
evaluating whether the condition is improving or worsening over time. Additionally,
assessing the pain or pruritus (itching) level associated with the rash helps determine the
severity of inflammation and the effectiveness of interventions.
Question 7
Which ethical principle is defined as the nurse’s obligation to keep promises and fulfill
commitments made to the patient or family?
, 4
A) Beneficence
B) Non-maleficence
C) Autonomy
D) Veracity
E) Fidelity
Correct Answer: E) Fidelity
Rationale: Fidelity refers to faithfulness and the practice of keeping one’s obligations and
promises. In nursing, this means following through with care as promised (e.g., returning to
the room when you said you would) and maintaining the trust inherent in the nurse-patient
relationship.
Question 8
A nurse provides a patient with a warm blanket and reassures them before a procedure. This
action best demonstrates which ethical principle?
A) Social Justice
B) Autonomy
C) Beneficence
D) Veracity
E) Fidelity
Correct Answer: C) Beneficence
Rationale: Beneficence is the duty to do good and promote positive actions to help others. It
involves taking active steps to benefit the patient and protect their welfare. Providing
comfort measures and emotional support are direct applications of this principle.
Question 9
The nurse is honest with a patient about the potential side effects of a new medication, even
though the information might cause the patient some anxiety. This demonstrates:
A) Fidelity
B) Non-maleficence
C) Social Justice
