TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 1
, TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITIONkBYkJACQUELYNkL.kBANA
SIKkCHAPTERk1-
54|COMPLETEkGUIDEkLATESTkUPDATEkWITHkVERIFIEDkCORRECTkANSWERS
Chapterk1:kIntroductionktokPathophysiolog
ykTestkBank
MULTIPLEkCHOICE
1. C.Q.ksufferedkakpharyngealkinfectionkafterkbeingkexposedktokgroupkAkhemolytickstreptococcusklately.kAk102.3°Fkoralktemperature,k
akskinkrash,kdysphagia,kandkakreddishkthroatkmucosakwithkmanykpustuleskarekallknotedkduringkhiskclinickevaluation.kHekreportskhavingktightkj
oints,kmalaise,kandkaksorekthroat.kAntibioticskhavekbeenkadministeredkafterkakthroatkculturekrevealedkakpositivekresultkforkstreptococcus.kThek
causekofkC.Q.'skillnesskis
a. aksorekthroat.
b. streptococcalkinfection.
c. geneticksusceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:k B
Thektermk"etiology"kdescribeskthekhypothesisedkcausekorkcauseskofkakspecifickillnesskcondition.kThekdiseasekprocesskmanifestskaskaksor
ekthroat.kThektermk"geneticksusceptibility"kdescribeskakhereditarykpropensityktokgetkankillness.kPharyngitis,kakclinicalksymptomkofkthek
diseasekprocess,kiskankinflammationkofkthekthroat.
REF:k Pg.k2
2. kAk17-year-
oldkteenagerkwhokplansktokattendkcollegekiskimmunizedkagainstkankorganismkthatkcankcausekmeningitis.kHere'skankillustrationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k A
Primarykpreventionkrefersktokthekmanagementkofkillnesskbykmodifyingksusceptibilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkthosekwhokarekatkris
kkthroughkimmunization.kEarlykdiseasekdetection,kscreening,kandktreatmentkconstituteksecondarykprevention.kRehabilitativekandksup
portivekcarekarekcomponentskofktertiarykprevention,kwhichkaimsktoklessenkdisabilitykandkregainkoptimalkfunctioning.kTreatmentkforkak
diseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pg.k9
3. Aklow-caloriekdietkandkexercisekregimenkarekprescribedkforkankobesekbutkotherwisekhealthykadolescent.kHere'skankillustrationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k B
Thekearlykidentification,kevaluation,kandktreatmentkofkthekillness—
suchkaskrecommendingkdietkandkexercisektoksomeonekwhokhaskalreadykdevelopedkobesity—
iskknownkasksecondarykprevention.kPrimarykpreventionkinvolveskmodifyingkvulnerabilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkvulnerablekindiv
idualskinkorderktokpreventkdisease.kRehabilitativekandksupportivekcarekarekcomponentskofktertiarykprevention,kwhichkaimsktoklessenkdi
sabilitykandkregainkoptimalkfunctioning.kTreatmentkforkakdiseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pgs.k9-10
4. kRestrictingksodiumkconsumptionkiskadvisedkforkakpatientkwithkhighkbloodkpressurekwhokiskotherwisekinkgoodkhealth.kHere'skankillustr
ationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k B
Thekearlykidentification,kevaluation,kandktreatmentkofkthekillness,ksuchkaskbykrecommendingksodiumkrestrictionkforkhighkbloodkpressu
re,kconstituteksecondarykprevention.kPrimarykpreventionkinvolveskmodifyingkvulnerabilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkvulnerablekindi
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 2
, TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
vidualskinkorderktokpreventkdisease.kRehabilitativekandksupportivekcarekarekcomponentskofktertiarykprevention,kwhichkaimsktoklessenk
disabilitykandkregainkoptimalkfunctioning.kTreatmentkforkakdiseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pgs.k9-10
5. kAkmiddle-agedkguykwhokhadkakheartkattackkiskadvisedktoktakekakcholesterol-loweringkdrug.kHere'skankillustrationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k C
Rehabilitativekandksupportivektreatment,kaskwellkaskinitiativesktoklessenkdisabilitykandkregainkeffectivekfunctioning—
suchkaskwritingkakprescriptionkforkakcholesterol-loweringkdrugkafterkakheartkattack—
arekexampleskofktertiarykprevention.kPrimarykpreventionkinvolveskmodifyingkvulnerabilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkvulnerablekindi
vidualskinkorderktokpreventkdisease.kEarlykdiseasekdetection,kscreening,kandktreatmentkconstituteksecondarykprevention.kTreatmentkfo
rkakdiseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pgs.k9-10
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 3
, TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
6. Akpatientkhaskbeenkexposedktokmeningococcalkmeningitis,kbutkisknotkyetkdemonstratingksignskofkthiskdisease.kThiskstagekofkillness
kiskcalledkthe stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:k B
Incubationkrefersktokthekintervalkbetweenkexposurekofkaktissuektokankinjuriouskagentkandkthekfirstkappearancekofksignskandksympto
ms.kInkinfectiouskdiseases,kthiskperiodkiskoftenkcalledkthekincubationk(latent)kperiod.kProdromalkrefersktokthekappearancekofkthekfirst
ksignskandksymptomskindicatingkthekonsetkofkakdisease.kThesekarekoftenknonspecific,ksuchkaskheadache,kmalaise,kanorexia,kandknau
sea,kwhichkarekassociatedkwithkaknumberkofkdifferentkdiseases.kSequelakrefersktoksubsequentkpathologickconditionkresultingkfromka
kdisease.kConvalescencekiskthekstagekofkrecoverykafterkakdisease,kinjury,korksurgicalkoperation.
REF:k Pg.k3
7. Akdiseasekthatkisknativektokakparticularkregionkiskcalled
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS:k B
Akdiseasekthatkisknativektokakparticularkregionkiskcalledkendemic.kAnkepidemickiskakdiseasekthatkspreadsktokmanykindividualskatktheksa
mektime.kPandemicskarekepidemicskthatkaffectklargekgeographickregions,kperhapskspreadingkworldwide.
REF:k Pg.k6
8. Inkgeneral,kwithkaging,korganksizekandkfunction
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remainktheksame.
d. iskunknown.
ANS:k B
Inkgeneral,kwithkaging,korganksizekandkfunctionkdecrease.
REF:k Pg.k5
9. Thek stagek duringk whichk thek patientk functionsk normally,k althoughk thek diseasek processesk arek wellk established,k isk referredktok as
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:k B
Thekstagekduringkwhichkthekpatientkfunctionsknormally,kalthoughkthekdiseasekprocesseskarekwellkestablished,kiskcalledktheksubclinic
alkstage.kThekintervalkbetweenkexposurekofkaktissuektokankinjuriouskagentkandkthekfirstkappearancekofksignskandksymptomskmaykbekc
alledkaklatentkperiodkor,kinkthekcasekofkinfectiouskdiseases,kankincubationkperiod.kThek prodromalk period,k ork prodrome,k refersktok thekap
pearancekofkthekfirstksignskandksymptomskindicatingkthekonsetkofkakdisease.kConvalescencekiskthekstagekofkrecoverykafterkakdisease,k
injury,korksurgicalkoperation.
REF:k Pg.k3
MULTIPLEkRESPONSE
10. Yourk patient’sk redk bloodk cellk isk slightlyk elevatedk today.k Thisk mightk bek explainedk byk(Selectk allk thatk apply.)
a. genderkdifference.
b. situationalkfactors.
c. normalkvariation.
d. culturalkvariation.
e. illness.
ANS:k A,kB,kC,kE
Gender,ksituationsk(e.g.,kaltitude),knormalkvariations,kandkillnesskmaykallkdeterminekredkbloodkcellkcount.kCulturekaffectskho
wkmanifestationskarekperceivedk(normalkversuskabnormal).
REF:k Pgs.k5-6
11. Socioeconomickfactorskinfluencekdiseasekdevelopmentkduektok(Selectkallkthatkapply.)
a. genetics.
b. environmentalktoxins.
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
ANS:k B,kC,kD,kE
Socioeconomickfactorskinfluencekdiseasekdevelopmentkviakexposurektokenvironmentalktoxinsk(occupational)kandkovercrowding,knut
ritionk(over-korkundernutrition),kandkhygienek(e.g.,kinkdevelopingkcountries).kGeneticskisknotkinfluencedkbyksocioeconomickfactors.
REF:k Pgs.k7-8
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 4
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 1
, TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITIONkBYkJACQUELYNkL.kBANA
SIKkCHAPTERk1-
54|COMPLETEkGUIDEkLATESTkUPDATEkWITHkVERIFIEDkCORRECTkANSWERS
Chapterk1:kIntroductionktokPathophysiolog
ykTestkBank
MULTIPLEkCHOICE
1. C.Q.ksufferedkakpharyngealkinfectionkafterkbeingkexposedktokgroupkAkhemolytickstreptococcusklately.kAk102.3°Fkoralktemperature,k
akskinkrash,kdysphagia,kandkakreddishkthroatkmucosakwithkmanykpustuleskarekallknotedkduringkhiskclinickevaluation.kHekreportskhavingktightkj
oints,kmalaise,kandkaksorekthroat.kAntibioticskhavekbeenkadministeredkafterkakthroatkculturekrevealedkakpositivekresultkforkstreptococcus.kThek
causekofkC.Q.'skillnesskis
a. aksorekthroat.
b. streptococcalkinfection.
c. geneticksusceptibility.
d. pharyngitis.
ANS:k B
Thektermk"etiology"kdescribeskthekhypothesisedkcausekorkcauseskofkakspecifickillnesskcondition.kThekdiseasekprocesskmanifestskaskaksor
ekthroat.kThektermk"geneticksusceptibility"kdescribeskakhereditarykpropensityktokgetkankillness.kPharyngitis,kakclinicalksymptomkofkthek
diseasekprocess,kiskankinflammationkofkthekthroat.
REF:k Pg.k2
2. kAk17-year-
oldkteenagerkwhokplansktokattendkcollegekiskimmunizedkagainstkankorganismkthatkcankcausekmeningitis.kHere'skankillustrationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k A
Primarykpreventionkrefersktokthekmanagementkofkillnesskbykmodifyingksusceptibilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkthosekwhokarekatkris
kkthroughkimmunization.kEarlykdiseasekdetection,kscreening,kandktreatmentkconstituteksecondarykprevention.kRehabilitativekandksup
portivekcarekarekcomponentskofktertiarykprevention,kwhichkaimsktoklessenkdisabilitykandkregainkoptimalkfunctioning.kTreatmentkforkak
diseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pg.k9
3. Aklow-caloriekdietkandkexercisekregimenkarekprescribedkforkankobesekbutkotherwisekhealthykadolescent.kHere'skankillustrationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k B
Thekearlykidentification,kevaluation,kandktreatmentkofkthekillness—
suchkaskrecommendingkdietkandkexercisektoksomeonekwhokhaskalreadykdevelopedkobesity—
iskknownkasksecondarykprevention.kPrimarykpreventionkinvolveskmodifyingkvulnerabilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkvulnerablekindiv
idualskinkorderktokpreventkdisease.kRehabilitativekandksupportivekcarekarekcomponentskofktertiarykprevention,kwhichkaimsktoklessenkdi
sabilitykandkregainkoptimalkfunctioning.kTreatmentkforkakdiseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pgs.k9-10
4. kRestrictingksodiumkconsumptionkiskadvisedkforkakpatientkwithkhighkbloodkpressurekwhokiskotherwisekinkgoodkhealth.kHere'skankillustr
ationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k B
Thekearlykidentification,kevaluation,kandktreatmentkofkthekillness,ksuchkaskbykrecommendingksodiumkrestrictionkforkhighkbloodkpressu
re,kconstituteksecondarykprevention.kPrimarykpreventionkinvolveskmodifyingkvulnerabilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkvulnerablekindi
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 2
, TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
vidualskinkorderktokpreventkdisease.kRehabilitativekandksupportivekcarekarekcomponentskofktertiarykprevention,kwhichkaimsktoklessenk
disabilitykandkregainkoptimalkfunctioning.kTreatmentkforkakdiseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pgs.k9-10
5. kAkmiddle-agedkguykwhokhadkakheartkattackkiskadvisedktoktakekakcholesterol-loweringkdrug.kHere'skankillustrationkof
a. primarykprevention.
b. secondarykprevention.
c. tertiarykprevention.
d. diseasektreatment.
ANS:k C
Rehabilitativekandksupportivektreatment,kaskwellkaskinitiativesktoklessenkdisabilitykandkregainkeffectivekfunctioning—
suchkaskwritingkakprescriptionkforkakcholesterol-loweringkdrugkafterkakheartkattack—
arekexampleskofktertiarykprevention.kPrimarykpreventionkinvolveskmodifyingkvulnerabilitykorkminimizingkexposurekforkvulnerablekindi
vidualskinkorderktokpreventkdisease.kEarlykdiseasekdetection,kscreening,kandktreatmentkconstituteksecondarykprevention.kTreatmentkfo
rkakdiseasekentailskcontrollingkitkoncekitkhaskstarted.
REF:k Pgs.k9-10
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 3
, TESTkBANKkFORkPATHOPHYSIOLOGYk7THkEDITION
6. Akpatientkhaskbeenkexposedktokmeningococcalkmeningitis,kbutkisknotkyetkdemonstratingksignskofkthiskdisease.kThiskstagekofkillness
kiskcalledkthe stage.
a. prodromal
b. latent
c. sequela
d. convalescence
ANS:k B
Incubationkrefersktokthekintervalkbetweenkexposurekofkaktissuektokankinjuriouskagentkandkthekfirstkappearancekofksignskandksympto
ms.kInkinfectiouskdiseases,kthiskperiodkiskoftenkcalledkthekincubationk(latent)kperiod.kProdromalkrefersktokthekappearancekofkthekfirst
ksignskandksymptomskindicatingkthekonsetkofkakdisease.kThesekarekoftenknonspecific,ksuchkaskheadache,kmalaise,kanorexia,kandknau
sea,kwhichkarekassociatedkwithkaknumberkofkdifferentkdiseases.kSequelakrefersktoksubsequentkpathologickconditionkresultingkfromka
kdisease.kConvalescencekiskthekstagekofkrecoverykafterkakdisease,kinjury,korksurgicalkoperation.
REF:k Pg.k3
7. Akdiseasekthatkisknativektokakparticularkregionkiskcalled
a. epidemic.
b. endemic.
c. pandemic.
d. ethnographic.
ANS:k B
Akdiseasekthatkisknativektokakparticularkregionkiskcalledkendemic.kAnkepidemickiskakdiseasekthatkspreadsktokmanykindividualskatktheksa
mektime.kPandemicskarekepidemicskthatkaffectklargekgeographickregions,kperhapskspreadingkworldwide.
REF:k Pg.k6
8. Inkgeneral,kwithkaging,korganksizekandkfunction
a. increase.
b. decrease.
c. remainktheksame.
d. iskunknown.
ANS:k B
Inkgeneral,kwithkaging,korganksizekandkfunctionkdecrease.
REF:k Pg.k5
9. Thek stagek duringk whichk thek patientk functionsk normally,k althoughk thek diseasek processesk arek wellk established,k isk referredktok as
a. latent.
b. subclinical.
c. prodromal.
d. convalescence.
ANS:k B
Thekstagekduringkwhichkthekpatientkfunctionsknormally,kalthoughkthekdiseasekprocesseskarekwellkestablished,kiskcalledktheksubclinic
alkstage.kThekintervalkbetweenkexposurekofkaktissuektokankinjuriouskagentkandkthekfirstkappearancekofksignskandksymptomskmaykbekc
alledkaklatentkperiodkor,kinkthekcasekofkinfectiouskdiseases,kankincubationkperiod.kThek prodromalk period,k ork prodrome,k refersktok thekap
pearancekofkthekfirstksignskandksymptomskindicatingkthekonsetkofkakdisease.kConvalescencekiskthekstagekofkrecoverykafterkakdisease,k
injury,korksurgicalkoperation.
REF:k Pg.k3
MULTIPLEkRESPONSE
10. Yourk patient’sk redk bloodk cellk isk slightlyk elevatedk today.k Thisk mightk bek explainedk byk(Selectk allk thatk apply.)
a. genderkdifference.
b. situationalkfactors.
c. normalkvariation.
d. culturalkvariation.
e. illness.
ANS:k A,kB,kC,kE
Gender,ksituationsk(e.g.,kaltitude),knormalkvariations,kandkillnesskmaykallkdeterminekredkbloodkcellkcount.kCulturekaffectskho
wkmanifestationskarekperceivedk(normalkversuskabnormal).
REF:k Pgs.k5-6
11. Socioeconomickfactorskinfluencekdiseasekdevelopmentkduektok(Selectkallkthatkapply.)
a. genetics.
b. environmentalktoxins.
c. overcrowding.
d. nutrition.
e. hygiene.
ANS:k B,kC,kD,kE
Socioeconomickfactorskinfluencekdiseasekdevelopmentkviakexposurektokenvironmentalktoxinsk(occupational)kandkovercrowding,knut
ritionk(over-korkundernutrition),kandkhygienek(e.g.,kinkdevelopingkcountries).kGeneticskisknotkinfluencedkbyksocioeconomickfactors.
REF:k Pgs.k7-8
AASCORERSkkSTUVIA 4
