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CSOWN REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
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1. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) accounts for about 80% of bariatric procedures in the US and is usually
done laparoscopically. During RYGB, a small part of the proximal stomach is detached from the rest of the stomach,
creating a stomach pouch of < 30 mL. Which of the following preexisting conditions has been shown to go into
remission in up to 62% of patients 6 yr after RYGB?
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Obesity
d. Obstructive Sleep Apnea ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Diabetes is particularly
likely to remit. Remission rates are up to 62% after 6 yr. A and D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Other comorbid conditions that tend to abate or resolve after bariatric
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surgery include cardiovascular risk factors (eg, dyslipidemia, hypertension [A], diabetes), cardiovascular disorders, obstructive sleep apnea (D), osteoarthritis, and depression. C
✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER For RYGB, weight loss is 50 to 65% after 2 yr; weight loss after RYGB is
ED
maintained for up to 10 yr. All-cause mortality decreases by 25%, primarily because cardiovascular and cancer mortality is reduced.
2. Which of the following procedures is being used increasingly in the US as definitive treatment for severe obesity
(eg, in patients with a body mass index [BMI] > 60)?
a. Sleeve Gastrectomy
ST
b. Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass
c. Adjustable Gastric Banding
d. Vertical Banded Gastroplasty ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER A ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Sleeve
U
gastrectomy; because this procedure causes sub- stantial and sustained weight loss, it is being used increasingly in the US as definitive treatment for severe obesity. Part of the
stomach is removed, creating a tubular stomach passage. The procedure does not involve anatomic changes to the small intestine. B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Nonetheless,
D
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery accounts for about 80% of bariatric procedures in the US. C ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Use of adjustable gastric banding has dramatically
decreased in the US. D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Vertical banded gastroplasty is no longer commonly done because complication rates are high and the resulting weight
Y
loss is insuflcient.
3. Contraindications to bariatric surgery include which of the following?
a. Body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2
b. Current drug or alcohol abuse
c. Obstructive sleep apnea
d. High-risk lipid profile ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Current drug or
alcohol abuse. A ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER The use of bariatric surgery is controversial in patients with a BMI < 30. C and D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER To
qualify for bariatric surgery, patients should have a BMI of >
, 40 or a BMI of > 35 plus a serious complication (eg, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea [C], high-risk lipid profile [D]).
4. Bariatric Surgery Key Points ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Consider weight loss surgery if patients are motivated, have not succeed- ed using nonsurgical
treatments, and have a BMI of > 40 kg/m2 or a BMI of > 35 kg/m2 plus a serious complication (eg, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, high-risk lipid profile) or a
BMI of 30 to 34.9 with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control despite optimal lifestyle and medical therapy.
Weight loss surgery is contraindicated if patients have an uncontrolled psychiatric disorder (eg, major depression), drug or alcohol abuse, cancer that is not in remission, or
another life-threatening disorder or if they cannot comply with nutritional requirements (including life-long vitamin replacement when indicated).
M
The most common procedures are sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; use of adjustable gastric banding has decreased dramatically in the US.
Monitor patients regularly after surgery for maintenance of weight loss, resolution of weight-related comorbid disorders, and complications of surgery (eg, nutritional
ED
deficiencies, metabolic bone disease, gout, cholelithiasis, nephrolithiasis, depression, alcohol abuse).
5. Which of the following increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders in pa- tients with obesity?
a. Osteoporosis
ST
b. Excess abdominal fat
c. Psychological disorders
d. Gastric Ulcer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Excess abdominal fat. Complications, including
U
coronary artery disease, are more likely in patients with fat that is concentrated abdominally. Choices A, C, and D do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders in patients with
obesity.
D
6. What is the role of ghrelin in food intake-regulating pathways?
a. It increases food intake.
Y
b. It decreases food intake.
c. Level decreases when weight is lost.
d. It integrates energy balance signals. ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER A ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER
Ghrelin, secreted primarily by the stomach, increases food intake. B, C, and D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Other hormones and regulatory substances have these
ettects.
CSOWN REVIEW QUESTIONS
AND CORRECT ANSWERS
M
LATEST GUIDE 2026 GRADED A+
ED
.
ST
U
D
Y
,MEDSTUDY.COM
1. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) accounts for about 80% of bariatric procedures in the US and is usually
done laparoscopically. During RYGB, a small part of the proximal stomach is detached from the rest of the stomach,
creating a stomach pouch of < 30 mL. Which of the following preexisting conditions has been shown to go into
remission in up to 62% of patients 6 yr after RYGB?
a. Hypertension
b. Diabetes
c. Obesity
d. Obstructive Sleep Apnea ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Diabetes is particularly
likely to remit. Remission rates are up to 62% after 6 yr. A and D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Other comorbid conditions that tend to abate or resolve after bariatric
M
surgery include cardiovascular risk factors (eg, dyslipidemia, hypertension [A], diabetes), cardiovascular disorders, obstructive sleep apnea (D), osteoarthritis, and depression. C
✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER For RYGB, weight loss is 50 to 65% after 2 yr; weight loss after RYGB is
ED
maintained for up to 10 yr. All-cause mortality decreases by 25%, primarily because cardiovascular and cancer mortality is reduced.
2. Which of the following procedures is being used increasingly in the US as definitive treatment for severe obesity
(eg, in patients with a body mass index [BMI] > 60)?
a. Sleeve Gastrectomy
ST
b. Roux-en Y Gastric Bypass
c. Adjustable Gastric Banding
d. Vertical Banded Gastroplasty ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER A ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Sleeve
U
gastrectomy; because this procedure causes sub- stantial and sustained weight loss, it is being used increasingly in the US as definitive treatment for severe obesity. Part of the
stomach is removed, creating a tubular stomach passage. The procedure does not involve anatomic changes to the small intestine. B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Nonetheless,
D
Roux-en-Y gastric bypass surgery accounts for about 80% of bariatric procedures in the US. C ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Use of adjustable gastric banding has dramatically
decreased in the US. D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Vertical banded gastroplasty is no longer commonly done because complication rates are high and the resulting weight
Y
loss is insuflcient.
3. Contraindications to bariatric surgery include which of the following?
a. Body mass index (BMI) < 30 kg/m2
b. Current drug or alcohol abuse
c. Obstructive sleep apnea
d. High-risk lipid profile ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Current drug or
alcohol abuse. A ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER The use of bariatric surgery is controversial in patients with a BMI < 30. C and D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER To
qualify for bariatric surgery, patients should have a BMI of >
, 40 or a BMI of > 35 plus a serious complication (eg, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea [C], high-risk lipid profile [D]).
4. Bariatric Surgery Key Points ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Consider weight loss surgery if patients are motivated, have not succeed- ed using nonsurgical
treatments, and have a BMI of > 40 kg/m2 or a BMI of > 35 kg/m2 plus a serious complication (eg, diabetes, hypertension, obstructive sleep apnea, high-risk lipid profile) or a
BMI of 30 to 34.9 with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control despite optimal lifestyle and medical therapy.
Weight loss surgery is contraindicated if patients have an uncontrolled psychiatric disorder (eg, major depression), drug or alcohol abuse, cancer that is not in remission, or
another life-threatening disorder or if they cannot comply with nutritional requirements (including life-long vitamin replacement when indicated).
M
The most common procedures are sleeve gastrectomy and Roux-en-Y gastric bypass; use of adjustable gastric banding has decreased dramatically in the US.
Monitor patients regularly after surgery for maintenance of weight loss, resolution of weight-related comorbid disorders, and complications of surgery (eg, nutritional
ED
deficiencies, metabolic bone disease, gout, cholelithiasis, nephrolithiasis, depression, alcohol abuse).
5. Which of the following increases the risk of cardiovascular disorders in pa- tients with obesity?
a. Osteoporosis
ST
b. Excess abdominal fat
c. Psychological disorders
d. Gastric Ulcer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER B ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Excess abdominal fat. Complications, including
U
coronary artery disease, are more likely in patients with fat that is concentrated abdominally. Choices A, C, and D do not increase the risk of cardiovascular disorders in patients with
obesity.
D
6. What is the role of ghrelin in food intake-regulating pathways?
a. It increases food intake.
Y
b. It decreases food intake.
c. Level decreases when weight is lost.
d. It integrates energy balance signals. ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Answer ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER A ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER
Ghrelin, secreted primarily by the stomach, increases food intake. B, C, and D ✔✔ CORRECT ANSWER Other hormones and regulatory substances have these
ettects.
