NUR 504: EXAM 2 RESPIRATORY AND RENAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ;ALREADY GRADED A+
*Acid base Balance normal Values:* - correct answer- pH -->
7.35-7.45
CO2 --> 35-45
HCO3 --> 22-26
PaO2 --> 75 -100
SaO2 --> 95-100%
ALWAYS look at PaO2 first if it is low place patient on oxygen
immediately
*Acid Base Balance:* key points - correct answer- balance
between the input of hydrogen atoms and the output
(elimination) of hydrogen atoms --> the body is maintaining
homeostasis
lower pH = more acidic
higher pH = more alkaline
CO2 = acid
,HCO3 = alkaline
the respiratory system is able to compensate immediately when
theres an imbalance
the metabolic system (kidneys) take hours to days to
compensate
a pH within normal range = fully compensated
a pH working toward normal range = partially compensated
*Acute renal transplant rejection:* - correct answer- -occurs
within 1 wk of the transplant (usually means that the kidney
failed)
S/S:
-oliguria
-increase in BP
-lethargy
-elevated creatinine and BUN
,-fluid retetnion
usually when this happens we try and increase the amount of
immunosuppresent drugs
*Chest tubes:* - correct answer- Purpose --> to drain fluid,
blood or air from the lung or pleural cavity
Use --> pleural effusion, hemothorax, pneumothorax
-First chamber: drainage collection chamber
-Second chamber: water seal (prevents air from moving back up
the tubing into the chest)
-third chamber: suction regulator
absence of tidaling = the lung has fully re-expanded or there is
an obstruction in the chest tube
continuous bubbling = air leak
, *chronic renal transplant rejection:* - correct answer- -
occurs gradually over months or years
S/S:
-gradual increase in BUN and creatinine
-gradual increase in edema
-fatigue
try to manage with medications (conservative management until
dialysis is required)
*Dx testing for ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP):* -
correct answer- -sputum sample (collected by suctioning)
-CBC
-chest X-ray
*Hemodyalysis* - correct answer- blood and dialysate flow
in the opposite direction across an enclosed semipermeable
membrane
-patients are not mobile during this procedure so make sure
they use the bathroom before starting
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT DETAILED ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS) ;ALREADY GRADED A+
*Acid base Balance normal Values:* - correct answer- pH -->
7.35-7.45
CO2 --> 35-45
HCO3 --> 22-26
PaO2 --> 75 -100
SaO2 --> 95-100%
ALWAYS look at PaO2 first if it is low place patient on oxygen
immediately
*Acid Base Balance:* key points - correct answer- balance
between the input of hydrogen atoms and the output
(elimination) of hydrogen atoms --> the body is maintaining
homeostasis
lower pH = more acidic
higher pH = more alkaline
CO2 = acid
,HCO3 = alkaline
the respiratory system is able to compensate immediately when
theres an imbalance
the metabolic system (kidneys) take hours to days to
compensate
a pH within normal range = fully compensated
a pH working toward normal range = partially compensated
*Acute renal transplant rejection:* - correct answer- -occurs
within 1 wk of the transplant (usually means that the kidney
failed)
S/S:
-oliguria
-increase in BP
-lethargy
-elevated creatinine and BUN
,-fluid retetnion
usually when this happens we try and increase the amount of
immunosuppresent drugs
*Chest tubes:* - correct answer- Purpose --> to drain fluid,
blood or air from the lung or pleural cavity
Use --> pleural effusion, hemothorax, pneumothorax
-First chamber: drainage collection chamber
-Second chamber: water seal (prevents air from moving back up
the tubing into the chest)
-third chamber: suction regulator
absence of tidaling = the lung has fully re-expanded or there is
an obstruction in the chest tube
continuous bubbling = air leak
, *chronic renal transplant rejection:* - correct answer- -
occurs gradually over months or years
S/S:
-gradual increase in BUN and creatinine
-gradual increase in edema
-fatigue
try to manage with medications (conservative management until
dialysis is required)
*Dx testing for ventilator associated pneumonia (VAP):* -
correct answer- -sputum sample (collected by suctioning)
-CBC
-chest X-ray
*Hemodyalysis* - correct answer- blood and dialysate flow
in the opposite direction across an enclosed semipermeable
membrane
-patients are not mobile during this procedure so make sure
they use the bathroom before starting
