Delgado Community College NURS 113 Nursing I Exam 1
Spring 2026 Graded A Actual Question and Answer
What is arteriosclerosis?
hardening of the arteries
What is the average volume of blood?
5000 mL
What factors influence blood pressure?
developmental stage (newborn 60-80/40-50), gender (men ↑), family history (hypertension), lifestyle,
exercise ↓, body position, stress ↑, pain ↑, race (African-Americans ↑), obesity ↑, medications,
diseases, genetic variations
If the blood pressure cuff is too big, what will happen with the blood pressure?
it will be low
If the blood pressure cuff is too small, what will happen with the blood pressure?
it will be high
What sites can you use to take a pt's blood pressure?
arm, forearm, calf
When taking a manual blood pressure, what is the first sound?
systolic blood pressure
When taking a manual blood pressure, what is the last sound?
diastolic blood pressure
What is hypotension?
when the systolic BP is 90 mm Hg or lower, or when the diastolic BP is 60 mm Hg or lower
How do you start a head-to-toe assessment?
,introduce yourself, explain what you're doing, put bed at working height and be on dominant hand side,
tell pt it will take 15-20 min, check for safety issues (water on floor, call light), and make sure room it
well lit and warm
When assessing skin for abnormalities, what are you assessing for?
skin intact, discoloration
When assessing head/hair for abnormalities, what are you assessing for?
texture, oily, dirty, scabies, lice, balding (alopecia, missing chunks)
When assessing eyes for abnormalities, what are you assessing for?
PERRLA (pupils equal round reactive to light), accommodation (dilate when look further away), gross
vision (pen light 4 directions), arcus senilis (grey ring), ptosis (eye drooping) amblyopia (lazy eye)
What is the normal range older adult's temperature?
95°F - 98.8°F
What is the normal range for exercising temperature?
101°F - 104°F
What is the normal range for oral temperature?
98°F - 98.6°F
What is the normal range for rectal temperature?
99°F - 99.6°F
What is the normal range for pulse rate?
60bpm - 100bpm
What is the average pulse rate?
80bpm
What is the normal range for respiration rate?
12 - 20 breaths/min
What is the normal range for BP?
120/80
, What is the range for an elevated BP?
120-129/80
What is the range for hypertension stage I?
130-139/80-89
What is the range for hypertension stage II?
>140/>90
What is the range for hypertensive crisis?
>180/>120
Older adults have a higher or lower body temperature?
lower
How does the body decrease the temperature?
vasodilation, sweating
How does the body increase the temperature?
shivering, vasoconstriction, metabolism, basal metabolic rate (BMR), hyperthyroidism (increase in
thyroid hormone thyroxine), hypothyroidism (decrease in thyroid hormone thyroxine), skeletal muscle
movement, catabolism (breakdown of fats)
How do babies increase the their body temperature?
non-shivering thermogenesis (metabolism of brown fat to produce heat)
What factors influence body temperature?
developmental level, environment, gender, exercise, emotion and stress, circadian rhythm
What is fever (pyrexia)?
an oral temperature higher than 100°F, or a core rectal temperature of >101°F in an adult
What does febrile mean?
with fever
What does afebrile mean?
Spring 2026 Graded A Actual Question and Answer
What is arteriosclerosis?
hardening of the arteries
What is the average volume of blood?
5000 mL
What factors influence blood pressure?
developmental stage (newborn 60-80/40-50), gender (men ↑), family history (hypertension), lifestyle,
exercise ↓, body position, stress ↑, pain ↑, race (African-Americans ↑), obesity ↑, medications,
diseases, genetic variations
If the blood pressure cuff is too big, what will happen with the blood pressure?
it will be low
If the blood pressure cuff is too small, what will happen with the blood pressure?
it will be high
What sites can you use to take a pt's blood pressure?
arm, forearm, calf
When taking a manual blood pressure, what is the first sound?
systolic blood pressure
When taking a manual blood pressure, what is the last sound?
diastolic blood pressure
What is hypotension?
when the systolic BP is 90 mm Hg or lower, or when the diastolic BP is 60 mm Hg or lower
How do you start a head-to-toe assessment?
,introduce yourself, explain what you're doing, put bed at working height and be on dominant hand side,
tell pt it will take 15-20 min, check for safety issues (water on floor, call light), and make sure room it
well lit and warm
When assessing skin for abnormalities, what are you assessing for?
skin intact, discoloration
When assessing head/hair for abnormalities, what are you assessing for?
texture, oily, dirty, scabies, lice, balding (alopecia, missing chunks)
When assessing eyes for abnormalities, what are you assessing for?
PERRLA (pupils equal round reactive to light), accommodation (dilate when look further away), gross
vision (pen light 4 directions), arcus senilis (grey ring), ptosis (eye drooping) amblyopia (lazy eye)
What is the normal range older adult's temperature?
95°F - 98.8°F
What is the normal range for exercising temperature?
101°F - 104°F
What is the normal range for oral temperature?
98°F - 98.6°F
What is the normal range for rectal temperature?
99°F - 99.6°F
What is the normal range for pulse rate?
60bpm - 100bpm
What is the average pulse rate?
80bpm
What is the normal range for respiration rate?
12 - 20 breaths/min
What is the normal range for BP?
120/80
, What is the range for an elevated BP?
120-129/80
What is the range for hypertension stage I?
130-139/80-89
What is the range for hypertension stage II?
>140/>90
What is the range for hypertensive crisis?
>180/>120
Older adults have a higher or lower body temperature?
lower
How does the body decrease the temperature?
vasodilation, sweating
How does the body increase the temperature?
shivering, vasoconstriction, metabolism, basal metabolic rate (BMR), hyperthyroidism (increase in
thyroid hormone thyroxine), hypothyroidism (decrease in thyroid hormone thyroxine), skeletal muscle
movement, catabolism (breakdown of fats)
How do babies increase the their body temperature?
non-shivering thermogenesis (metabolism of brown fat to produce heat)
What factors influence body temperature?
developmental level, environment, gender, exercise, emotion and stress, circadian rhythm
What is fever (pyrexia)?
an oral temperature higher than 100°F, or a core rectal temperature of >101°F in an adult
What does febrile mean?
with fever
What does afebrile mean?
