,Chapterl01:lHealthlandlWellnesslinlanlAginglSociety
Touhy:lEbersolel&lHess'lTowardlHealthylAging,l9thlEdition
MULTIPLElCHOICE
1. WhenlaskedlbylnewlparentslwhatlthellifelexpectancylislforltheirlAfricanlAmericanlnewborn,lthe
lnurselreplieslthat,l“2010lstatisticslindicatelthatlyourlson:
a. willlhavelallifelexpectancyloflapproximatelyl65lyears.”
b. canlrealisticallylexpectltollivelintolhisllatel80s.”
c. haslalgoodlchanceloflcelebratinglhisl75thlbirthday.”
d. isllikelyltollivelintolhisllatel90s.”
ANS:l C
Inl2010,lmenlinlthelUnitedlStateslatlagel60lcanlexpectltollivelanotherl22lyears.lThellifelexpectan
cyloflAfricanlAmericanlmenlislaboutl4.7lyearsllesslthanlwhitelmen.lOfltheloptionslabove,lClislth
elonlylresponselthatlfitslintolthoselparameters.lThelotherloptionslarelnotlsupportedlbylreliablelre
search.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lUnderstanding
REF:l p.l3lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
2. Alnurselislplanninglcarelforlalgrouploflsuper-
centenarianslinlanlassistedllivinglfacility.lThelnurselconsiderslwhichloflthelfollowing?
a. Mostlsuper-centenarianslarelfunctionallylindependentlorlrequirelminimal
assistancelwithlactivitieslofldailylliving
b. Thelmajorityloflsuper-centenarianslhavelcognitivelimpairment
c. Thelnumberloflsuper-centenarianslislexpectedltoldecreaselinlcominglyearslasla
resultloflheartldiseaselandlstroke
d. Itlisltheorizedlthatlsuper-centenarianslsurvivedlasllonglasltheylhaveldueltolgenetic
mutationslthatlmadelthemllesslsusceptibleltolcommonldiseases
ANS:l A
Researchlsupportslthatlmostlsuper-
centenarianslarelfunctionallylandlcognitivelylintact,lrequiringlminimallassistancelwithlADLs.lTh
elnumberloflsuper-
centenarianslislexpectedltolincreaselinlcominglyearslaslthelnumberloflolderladultslincreases.lThelre
asonlwhylindividualslsurvivedlasllonglasltheylhavelislnotlknown.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lRemembering
REF:l p.l4lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
3. Onelreasonlwhylmanyl“babylboomers”lhavelmultiplelchroniclconditionslsuchlaslheartldisease,ldi
abetes,landlarthritislislthat:
a. theylhavellesslaccessltolmedicationlandlotherltreatmentlregimens.
b. therelwaslallackloflimportancelplacedlonlhealthyllivinglasltheylwerelgrowinglup.
c. theyldidlnotlhavelaccessltolimmunizationslagainstlcommunicableldiseaselwhen
theylwerelchildren.
d. theylgrewluplinlanleraloflrampantlpovertylandlmalnutrition.
, ANS:l B
Thelbabylboomers,lindividualslbornlbetweenl1946landl1964,lpost-
WWII,lhavelbetterlaccessltolmedicationlandltreatmentlregimenslthanlotherlcohorts.lTheylhavelha
dlthelbenefitlofltheldevelopmentloflimmunizationslagainstlcommunicableldiseases.lTheylgrewlu
plinlanleraloflprosperitylpost-
WWII.lHowever,ltherelwaslallackloflimportancelplacedlonlwhatlwelnowlconsiderlhealthyllivingl
whenltheylwerelyounger.lSmoking,lforlexample,lwaslnotlcondoned,lbutlwaslconsideredlalsymbol
loflstatus.lCandylinlthelshapeloflcigaretteslwaslpopular,landltherelwaslmuchlsecondhandlsmoke.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lRemembering
REF:l p.l6lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
4. Alnurselislplanninglanleducationlprogramlonlwellnesslinlallocallseniorlcitizenlcenter.lThelnursel
plansltolprovideleducationlonlthelimportanceloflimmunizations,lannuallphysicallexaminations,l
screeninglforldiabetes,landlvisionlandlhearinglscreening.lItlislimportantlforlthelnurseltolundersta
ndlwhichloflthelfollowing?
a. Approximatelyl40%loflolderladultsl(agesl65landlolder)lutilizelavailablelpreventive
services
b. Preventivelstrategieslarelmorelwidelylusedlinlthel40-64lagelgrouplthanlinlthel65
andloverlagelgroup
c. Thelresearchlonlhealthlpromotionlstrategieslinlolderladultsldemonstrateslthatlthey
havellowlefficacy
d. Therelislanlabundanceloflresearchlspecificltolhealthlpromotionlandlaging
ANS:l A
Approximatelyl40%loflindividuals,lagesl65landlolder,lutilizelthelpreventivelserviceslthatlarelava
ilableltolthem.lHowever,lonlyl24%loflthoselbetweenlthelageslofl40landl64ldolso.lTherelislalpaucit
yloflresearchlspecificltolhealthlpromotionlandlaging;lhowever,lthelresearchlthatlexistsldemonstra
teslthatlhealthlpromotionlstrategieslarelhighlyleffective.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lUnderstanding
REF:l p.l7lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
5. Alnurselislcaringlforlanl85-year-
oldlmalelclientlwithldiabeteslinlalcommunitylsetting.lThelnurselpromoteslfunctionallwellnes
slbylwhichloflthelfollowinglactivities?
a. Encouraginglthelclientlmaintainslcurrentllevelsloflphysicallactivity
b. Assistinglthelclientltolreceivelalllthelrecommendedlpreventivelscreeningslthatlare
appropriatelforlhislagelgroup
c. Teachinglthelpatientlhowltoluselalrollinglwalkerlsolthatlhelcanlambulatelforllonger
distances
d. Encouraginglthelclientltolattendlhislweeklylchesslgames
ANS:l A
Maintaininglexistingllevelsloflphysicallactivitylislconsistentlwithlfunctionallwellness.lTeaching
lthelclientlhowltoluselalrollinglwalkerlenableslthelclientltolremainlactivelatlthelhighestllevellposs
ible,lwhichlislanlexampleloflpromotinglfunctionallwellness.lReceivinglrecommendedlscreening
lislanlexampleloflpromotinglbiologicallwellness.lTheluseloflalrollinglwalkerlshouldlbelbasedlonla
ssessmentloflphysicallability.lEncouraginglthelclientltolattendlweeklylchesslgameslislanlexampl
eloflpromotinglsociallwellness.
, DIF: CognitivelLevel:lApplying
REF:l p.l10lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
6. Basedlonlthelcensuslreportslofl2010,ltheltypicallprofileloflalcentenarianlinlthelUnitedlStateslinc
ludeslwhichloflthelfollowinglcharacteristics?
a. AlCaucasianlwomanlwholliveslinlanlurbanlarealoflalSouthernlstate
b. AnlAfricanlAmericanlwomanlwholliveslinlalrurallarealoflalSouthernlstate
c. AlHispaniclmanlwholliveslinlanlurbanlarealoflalMidwesternlstate
d. AlCaucasianlmanlwholliveslinlalrurallarealoflalMidwesternlstate
ANS:l A
Basedlonlthel2010lU.S.lCensusldata,lcentenarianslwereloverwhelminglylwhitel(82.5%),lwomenl
(82.8%),landllivinglinlurbanlareasloflthelSouthernlstates.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lApplying
REF:l p.l5lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
MULTIPLElRESPONSE
1. Primarylpreventionlstrategieslforlolderladultslincludelwhichloflthelfollowing?l(Selectlalllthatlap
ply.)
a. Anlannuallinfluenzalimmunizationlclinic
b. Alsmokinglcessationlprogram
c. Alprostatelscreeninglprogram
d. Alcardiaclrehabilitationlprogram
e. Almeallplanningleducationlprogramlforltypel2ldiabetics
ANS:l A,lB
Primarylpreventionlrefersltolstrategieslthatlarelusedltolpreventlanlillnesslbeforelitloccurslandlmaint
aininglwellnesslacrosslthelcontinuumloflcare.lImmunizationslandlsmokinglcessationlarelexamplesl
oflprimarylprevention.lSecondarylpreventionlislthelearlyldetectionloflaldiseaselorlalhealthlproblem
lthatlhaslalreadyldeveloped.lProstatelscreeninglislanlexampleloflsecondarylprevention.lTertiarylpr
eventionladdresseslthelneedsloflindividualslwholalreadylhaveltheirlwellnesslchallenged.lCardiaclr
ehabilitationlandlmeallplanninglforldiabeticslarelexampleslofltertiarylprevention.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lApplying REF:l pp.l8–
9lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/Learning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lManagementloflCare
2. Alnurselorganizeslalhealthlfairlforlolderladults.lThelnurse’slgoallisltolfocuslonlthelsixlprioritylare
aslidentifiedlbylthelNationallPreventionlCouncil.lWhichloflthelfollowinglactivitieslshouldlthelnu
rselinclude?l(Selectlalllthatlapply.)
a. Smokinglcessation
b. Depressionlscreening
c. Recognizinglelderlabuse
d. Cholesterollscreening
e. Fitnessltraining
Touhy:lEbersolel&lHess'lTowardlHealthylAging,l9thlEdition
MULTIPLElCHOICE
1. WhenlaskedlbylnewlparentslwhatlthellifelexpectancylislforltheirlAfricanlAmericanlnewborn,lthe
lnurselreplieslthat,l“2010lstatisticslindicatelthatlyourlson:
a. willlhavelallifelexpectancyloflapproximatelyl65lyears.”
b. canlrealisticallylexpectltollivelintolhisllatel80s.”
c. haslalgoodlchanceloflcelebratinglhisl75thlbirthday.”
d. isllikelyltollivelintolhisllatel90s.”
ANS:l C
Inl2010,lmenlinlthelUnitedlStateslatlagel60lcanlexpectltollivelanotherl22lyears.lThellifelexpectan
cyloflAfricanlAmericanlmenlislaboutl4.7lyearsllesslthanlwhitelmen.lOfltheloptionslabove,lClislth
elonlylresponselthatlfitslintolthoselparameters.lThelotherloptionslarelnotlsupportedlbylreliablelre
search.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lUnderstanding
REF:l p.l3lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
2. Alnurselislplanninglcarelforlalgrouploflsuper-
centenarianslinlanlassistedllivinglfacility.lThelnurselconsiderslwhichloflthelfollowing?
a. Mostlsuper-centenarianslarelfunctionallylindependentlorlrequirelminimal
assistancelwithlactivitieslofldailylliving
b. Thelmajorityloflsuper-centenarianslhavelcognitivelimpairment
c. Thelnumberloflsuper-centenarianslislexpectedltoldecreaselinlcominglyearslasla
resultloflheartldiseaselandlstroke
d. Itlisltheorizedlthatlsuper-centenarianslsurvivedlasllonglasltheylhaveldueltolgenetic
mutationslthatlmadelthemllesslsusceptibleltolcommonldiseases
ANS:l A
Researchlsupportslthatlmostlsuper-
centenarianslarelfunctionallylandlcognitivelylintact,lrequiringlminimallassistancelwithlADLs.lTh
elnumberloflsuper-
centenarianslislexpectedltolincreaselinlcominglyearslaslthelnumberloflolderladultslincreases.lThelre
asonlwhylindividualslsurvivedlasllonglasltheylhavelislnotlknown.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lRemembering
REF:l p.l4lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
3. Onelreasonlwhylmanyl“babylboomers”lhavelmultiplelchroniclconditionslsuchlaslheartldisease,ldi
abetes,landlarthritislislthat:
a. theylhavellesslaccessltolmedicationlandlotherltreatmentlregimens.
b. therelwaslallackloflimportancelplacedlonlhealthyllivinglasltheylwerelgrowinglup.
c. theyldidlnotlhavelaccessltolimmunizationslagainstlcommunicableldiseaselwhen
theylwerelchildren.
d. theylgrewluplinlanleraloflrampantlpovertylandlmalnutrition.
, ANS:l B
Thelbabylboomers,lindividualslbornlbetweenl1946landl1964,lpost-
WWII,lhavelbetterlaccessltolmedicationlandltreatmentlregimenslthanlotherlcohorts.lTheylhavelha
dlthelbenefitlofltheldevelopmentloflimmunizationslagainstlcommunicableldiseases.lTheylgrewlu
plinlanleraloflprosperitylpost-
WWII.lHowever,ltherelwaslallackloflimportancelplacedlonlwhatlwelnowlconsiderlhealthyllivingl
whenltheylwerelyounger.lSmoking,lforlexample,lwaslnotlcondoned,lbutlwaslconsideredlalsymbol
loflstatus.lCandylinlthelshapeloflcigaretteslwaslpopular,landltherelwaslmuchlsecondhandlsmoke.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lRemembering
REF:l p.l6lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
4. Alnurselislplanninglanleducationlprogramlonlwellnesslinlallocallseniorlcitizenlcenter.lThelnursel
plansltolprovideleducationlonlthelimportanceloflimmunizations,lannuallphysicallexaminations,l
screeninglforldiabetes,landlvisionlandlhearinglscreening.lItlislimportantlforlthelnurseltolundersta
ndlwhichloflthelfollowing?
a. Approximatelyl40%loflolderladultsl(agesl65landlolder)lutilizelavailablelpreventive
services
b. Preventivelstrategieslarelmorelwidelylusedlinlthel40-64lagelgrouplthanlinlthel65
andloverlagelgroup
c. Thelresearchlonlhealthlpromotionlstrategieslinlolderladultsldemonstrateslthatlthey
havellowlefficacy
d. Therelislanlabundanceloflresearchlspecificltolhealthlpromotionlandlaging
ANS:l A
Approximatelyl40%loflindividuals,lagesl65landlolder,lutilizelthelpreventivelserviceslthatlarelava
ilableltolthem.lHowever,lonlyl24%loflthoselbetweenlthelageslofl40landl64ldolso.lTherelislalpaucit
yloflresearchlspecificltolhealthlpromotionlandlaging;lhowever,lthelresearchlthatlexistsldemonstra
teslthatlhealthlpromotionlstrategieslarelhighlyleffective.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lUnderstanding
REF:l p.l7lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
5. Alnurselislcaringlforlanl85-year-
oldlmalelclientlwithldiabeteslinlalcommunitylsetting.lThelnurselpromoteslfunctionallwellnes
slbylwhichloflthelfollowinglactivities?
a. Encouraginglthelclientlmaintainslcurrentllevelsloflphysicallactivity
b. Assistinglthelclientltolreceivelalllthelrecommendedlpreventivelscreeningslthatlare
appropriatelforlhislagelgroup
c. Teachinglthelpatientlhowltoluselalrollinglwalkerlsolthatlhelcanlambulatelforllonger
distances
d. Encouraginglthelclientltolattendlhislweeklylchesslgames
ANS:l A
Maintaininglexistingllevelsloflphysicallactivitylislconsistentlwithlfunctionallwellness.lTeaching
lthelclientlhowltoluselalrollinglwalkerlenableslthelclientltolremainlactivelatlthelhighestllevellposs
ible,lwhichlislanlexampleloflpromotinglfunctionallwellness.lReceivinglrecommendedlscreening
lislanlexampleloflpromotinglbiologicallwellness.lTheluseloflalrollinglwalkerlshouldlbelbasedlonla
ssessmentloflphysicallability.lEncouraginglthelclientltolattendlweeklylchesslgameslislanlexampl
eloflpromotinglsociallwellness.
, DIF: CognitivelLevel:lApplying
REF:l p.l10lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
6. Basedlonlthelcensuslreportslofl2010,ltheltypicallprofileloflalcentenarianlinlthelUnitedlStateslinc
ludeslwhichloflthelfollowinglcharacteristics?
a. AlCaucasianlwomanlwholliveslinlanlurbanlarealoflalSouthernlstate
b. AnlAfricanlAmericanlwomanlwholliveslinlalrurallarealoflalSouthernlstate
c. AlHispaniclmanlwholliveslinlanlurbanlarealoflalMidwesternlstate
d. AlCaucasianlmanlwholliveslinlalrurallarealoflalMidwesternlstate
ANS:l A
Basedlonlthel2010lU.S.lCensusldata,lcentenarianslwereloverwhelminglylwhitel(82.5%),lwomenl
(82.8%),landllivinglinlurbanlareasloflthelSouthernlstates.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lApplying
REF:l p.l5lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/L
earning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lHealthlPromotionlandlMaintenance
MULTIPLElRESPONSE
1. Primarylpreventionlstrategieslforlolderladultslincludelwhichloflthelfollowing?l(Selectlalllthatlap
ply.)
a. Anlannuallinfluenzalimmunizationlclinic
b. Alsmokinglcessationlprogram
c. Alprostatelscreeninglprogram
d. Alcardiaclrehabilitationlprogram
e. Almeallplanningleducationlprogramlforltypel2ldiabetics
ANS:l A,lB
Primarylpreventionlrefersltolstrategieslthatlarelusedltolpreventlanlillnesslbeforelitloccurslandlmaint
aininglwellnesslacrosslthelcontinuumloflcare.lImmunizationslandlsmokinglcessationlarelexamplesl
oflprimarylprevention.lSecondarylpreventionlislthelearlyldetectionloflaldiseaselorlalhealthlproblem
lthatlhaslalreadyldeveloped.lProstatelscreeninglislanlexampleloflsecondarylprevention.lTertiarylpr
eventionladdresseslthelneedsloflindividualslwholalreadylhaveltheirlwellnesslchallenged.lCardiaclr
ehabilitationlandlmeallplanninglforldiabeticslarelexampleslofltertiarylprevention.
DIF: CognitivelLevel:lApplying REF:l pp.l8–
9lTOP:l IntegratedlProcess:lTeaching/Learning
MSC:l ClientlNeeds:lManagementloflCare
2. Alnurselorganizeslalhealthlfairlforlolderladults.lThelnurse’slgoallisltolfocuslonlthelsixlprioritylare
aslidentifiedlbylthelNationallPreventionlCouncil.lWhichloflthelfollowinglactivitieslshouldlthelnu
rselinclude?l(Selectlalllthatlapply.)
a. Smokinglcessation
b. Depressionlscreening
c. Recognizinglelderlabuse
d. Cholesterollscreening
e. Fitnessltraining
